Complicated Kids podcast

Early Development and Why Reflex Integration Matters with Emily Roper

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The behavior may be where the struggle shows up, but it may not be where the struggle begins.

When a child is melting down, struggling to focus, or having difficulty learning to read, we tend to focus on the problem directly in front of us. But there may be foundational pieces underneath that struggle that we have not considered.

In this episode, I talk with Emily Roper, a Neuro-Developmental Delay Therapist and certified Midwives Assistant, about the connections between early brain and body development and later skills like emotional regulation, attention, executive functioning, and learning.

Emily's work looks at attachment, the stress response, primitive reflexes, sensory processing, vision, balance, coordination, and movement. These early systems help create the foundation for the more advanced skills children are expected to use as they grow.

We spend time talking about the Moro reflex, the sensitive startle response babies are born with. As the brain develops, that reflex should mature into a more flexible stress response. When it remains active, Emily explains that a child may startle easily, react strongly, take longer to settle, or struggle to filter sensory information.

That can also affect attention. A child whose nervous system is reacting to everything in the environment may have difficulty focusing on the one voice, worksheet, or instruction we want them to notice.

This does not mean every child with attention, sensory, or regulation challenges has a retained Moro reflex. It does mean that reflexes and the stress response may be worth considering as part of the larger picture.

Emily and I also talk about behavior as communication. She describes behavior as the tip of the iceberg because it is the part everyone can see, while so much may be happening underneath. Most kids are not melting down because they enjoy it. They are struggling, and focusing only on stopping the behavior may miss what their brain and body need.

Movement is another important part of the conversation. When babies reach, roll, look around, and crawl, their brains and bodies are learning how to work together. Crawling involves coordinating both sides of the body, crossing the midline, using the eyes at different distances, and moving intentionally through the environment.

These early experiences may later support visual tracking, spatial awareness, coordination, reading, and writing. Emily explains that a child who appears to have a reading problem may also be struggling with visual motor skills, vestibular function, tracking, or spatial orientation.

For parents wondering whether these foundations can still be strengthened in an older child, Emily's answer is yes. The brain remains adaptable, and she sees children and teenagers make meaningful changes.

This is not about finding one explanation for every child or blaming parents for circumstances outside their control. It is about looking beneath behavior, attention, and learning challenges to better understand what support a child may need.

Key Takeaways

  • Behavior is often the visible evidence of something happening underneath.
  • The brain develops from basic, foundational skills toward more advanced skills.
  • Primitive reflexes support survival and early development, but they are expected to mature as the brain develops.
  • A retained Moro reflex may contribute to heightened reactivity, hypervigilance, and difficulty filtering sensory information.
  • Attention is harder to access when a child's nervous system is operating in a heightened state of stress.
  • Early movement helps the brain and body learn how to work together.
  • Crawling supports bilateral coordination, visual development, midline crossing, and movement through space.
  • Reading challenges may involve visual motor skills, vestibular function, tracking, or spatial orientation.
  • Parent-child connection can be an important part of safety, regulation, and developmental work.
  • Older children and teenagers can still strengthen foundational developmental skills.

About Emily Roper

Emily Roper is a Neuro-Developmental Delay Therapist, certified Midwives Assistant, and the owner of Early Roots, a specialized therapy practice for children with developmental delays. With a background in psychology, midwifery, and neuro-developmental delay, she has spent more than a decade supporting children with ADHD, autism, anxiety, dyslexia, sensory challenges, and other developmental differences. She has also attended more than 600 births and supported hundreds of families during the postpartum period.

Emily is passionate about bridging the gap between the birth world and psychology. She teaches parents and professionals about how pregnancy, birth, and the newborn period can shape long-term neurological development. She has trained midwives, taught post-graduate students, spoken at conferences, and hosts The Early Roots Podcast, where she makes complex developmental topics practical and accessible.

About Your Host, Gabriele Nicolet

I'm Gabriele Nicolet, toddler whisperer, speech therapist, parenting life coach, and host of Complicated Kids. Each week, I share practical, relationship-based strategies for raising kids with big feelings, big needs, and beautifully different brains. My goal is to help families move from surviving to thriving by building connection, confidence, and clarity at home.

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