Scale: The Universal Laws of Life, Growth, & Death in Organisms, Cities, & Companies | Geoffrey West | BM3

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→ The Rise and Fall of American Growth: ⁠https://www.bookmarked.club/books/the-rise-and-fall-of-american-growth Sponsor → Stakwork: ⁠https://stacksats.how/stakwork⁠ Summary The conversation explores the book 'The Rise and Fall of American Growth', which chronicles growth in America over the past 150 years. It begins with an introduction to the topic and the background of the author Robert J. Gordon. The concept of growth and productivity is defined, highlighting the role of GDP and the impact of inventions. The three industrial revolutions are discussed, along with their key innovations. The conversation then delves into the factors affecting growth, including education, inequality, and fiscal debt. The chapters conclude with an exploration of the rise of American growth from 1870 to 1970 and the fall of American growth from 1970 to the present. The conversation covers various topics related to economic growth, inequality, and the future. The guest, Robert J. Gordon, advocates for immigration reform and improved education as solutions to economic challenges. The discussion also touches on the impact of going off the gold standard and the role of money in exacerbating issues. The guest expresses skepticism about the idea that the US going off the gold standard in 1971 has played a significant role in rising inequality. The conversation concludes with a discussion on the potential for a 'special century' and the importance of economic growth. Takeaways - Growth and productivity are measured by GDP and reflect the increase in output per person or per hour of work. - The three industrial revolutions, marked by key innovations, have driven economic growth: steam engine and cotton spinning, electric power and internal combustion engine, and computers and digital technology. - The percolation of innovations takes time, and the impact of new inventions may not be immediately evident in productivity statistics. - Factors such as education, inequality, and fiscal debt can act as headwinds to growth. - The rise of American growth from 1870 to 1970 was driven by the implementation of inventions and increased productivity. - The fall of American growth from 1970 to the present is characterized by slower productivity growth, increased inequality, and fiscal debt.

→ Scale: ⁠https://www.bookmarked.club/books/scale Sponsor → Stakwork: ⁠https://stacksats.how/stakwork⁠ Summary In this conversation, Kevin interviews Geoffrey West, a physicist and author of the book 'Scale'. They discuss the concept of scaling laws and how they apply to various disciplines such as biology, networks, and cities. They explore the interconnectedness of these scaling laws and the significance of quarter power scaling. They also delve into the similarities and differences between biological systems and cities, the constraints on city growth, and the potential limitations of resource availability. The conversation touches on the role of innovation, collaboration, and technology in scaling, as well as the challenges and possibilities for stabilization in the future. Takeaways Scaling laws apply to various disciplines and are interconnected. Quarter power scaling is significant in understanding scaling phenomena. Biological systems and cities share similarities in optimization and resource allocation. Cities have unique constraints on growth compared to biological systems. Innovation, collaboration, and technology play key roles in scaling. The future of scaling requires adaptation, resilience, and potential stabilization. This show is a Lightning podcast. That means instead of asking for likes or shares, I ask for sats. The best way to show your support is to download Fountain from the App Store, load your wallet with some sats, and send them over the Lightning Network to [email protected]. → Fountain: https://www.fountain.fm/ → More Episodes: https://www.stacksats.how/podcast → Lightning Address: ⚡[email protected] → Nostr NIP-05: [email protected] Links → Bookmarked: https://www.bookmarked.club/ → Stack Sats: https://www.stacksats.how/ → Twitter: https://twitter.com/kerooke

→ The Fabric of Civilization: ⁠https://www.bookmarked.club/books/the-fabric-of-civilization Sponsor → Stakwork: ⁠https://stacksats.how/stakwork⁠ Summary In this episode, Kevin interviews Virginia Postrel, author of 'The Fabric of Civilization,' about the role of fabric in history and its connection to technology, science, and trade. Virginia shares her journey of becoming interested in fabric and the inspiration behind her book. They discuss the concept of natural fibers and how they have been modified over time. They also explore the connection between weaving and math, as well as the impact of dye on the chemical industry. Overall, the conversation highlights the often overlooked significance of textiles in shaping human civilization. The conversation explores the history and future of fabric, focusing on the development of synthetic dyes, the motivations behind their use, and the impact of technological progress on jobs and society. The Luddite movement is discussed as an example of opposition to automation and efficiency. The future of fabric is examined through the lens of 3D knitting, customization, bioengineering, environmental sustainability, 3D printing, and innovative applications. The conversation explores various textile innovations and their applications, including nonwovens, carbon fiber, and performance textiles in athletics. It also discusses the design of garments for specific sports positions. Takeaways - Textiles have played a crucial role in human civilization, connecting technology, science, and trade. - There is no such thing as a truly 'natural' fiber, as most fibers have been modified over time through selective breeding and hybridization. - Weaving is an early form of binary operation and has connections to mathematics and computing. - Dye has been a catalyst for the chemical industry, leading to advancements in chemistry and the development of synthetic dyes. - Textiles have been an integral part of human history, and understanding their role provides insights into the broader history of civilization.  - Synthetic dyes were the first killer app of industrial chemistry, revolutionizing the textile industry. - The motivations for using dyes include status, religious significance, and group affiliation. - The Luddite movement highlights the tension between technological progress and job displacement. - The future of fabric includes 3D knitting, customization, bioengineering, environmental sustainability, 3D printing, and innovative applications.  - Nonwovens, such as those used in disposable diapers and masks, are an important category of fabric. - Carbon fiber, although not a textile, is a fiber used in various applications, including athletic equipment. - Performance textiles play a significant role in enhancing athletic performance, comfort, and injury prevention. - Garments can be designed specifically for different sports positions to optimize movement and performance. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Virginia's Interest in Fabric 04:03 Overview of the Book 07:30 Textiles as Overlooked Technology 11:26 There's No Such Thing as a Natural Fiber 29:35 Weaving and its Connection to Math and Computing 45:15 The History and Chemistry of Dye 52:50 Dye as a Catalyst for the Chemical Industry 54:18 The First Killer App: Synthetic Dyes 55:29 Motivations for Dyes: Function, Pleasure, and Meaning 59:22 The Luddites and Technological Progress 01:01:31 Automation and Efficiency in Technology 01:12:12 The Future of Fabric: 3D Knitting and Customization 01:31:52 The Future of Fabric: Bioengineering and Environmental Sustainability 01:42:37 The Future of Fabric: 3D Printing and Localized Production 01:46:52 The Future of Fabric: Innovative Applications and Strength 01:47:10 Nonwovens and Other Textile Innovations 01:48:32 Exploring Non-Wovens and Carbon Fiber 01:49:30 Performance Textiles in Athletics 01:51:12 Designing Garments for Specific Sports Positions

Moritz Kaminski is the co-founder of Alby, which is a browser extension that acts as a Bitcoin and Nostr companion for the web. → Alby: https://getalby.com/ Sponsors → Stakwork: https://stacksats.how/stakwork This show is a Lightning podcast. That means instead of asking for likes or shares, I ask for sats. The best way to show your support is to download Fountain from the App Store, load your wallet with some sats, and send them over the Lightning Network to [email protected]. → Fountain: https://www.fountain.fm/ → More Episodes: https://www.stacksats.how/podcast → Lightning Address: ⚡[email protected] → Nostr NIP-05: [email protected] Links → Bookmarked: https://www.bookmarked.club/ → Stack Sats: https://www.stacksats.how/ → Twitter: https://twitter.com/kerooke

Today’s episode features Andy Schoonover at CrowdHealth which is stacks sats by giving Americans a community-powered, and Bitcoin-powered alternative to health insurance.→ CrowdHealth: https://www.joincrowdhealth.com/ Sponsors → Stakwork: https://stacksats.how/stakwork→ CrowdHealth: https://www.joincrowdhealth.com/ This show is a Lightning podcast. That means instead of asking for likes or shares, I ask for sats. The best way to show your support is to download Fountain from the App Store, load your wallet with some sats, and send them over the Lightning Network to [email protected]. → Fountain: https://www.fountain.fm/→ More Episodes: https://www.stacksats.how/podcast→ Lightning Address: ⚡[email protected] Links→ Stack Sats: https://www.stacksats.how/→ Twitter: https://twitter.com/kerooke→ Books: https://www.kevinrooke.com/book-recommendations→ Stacker News: https://stacker.news/r/kr

→ The Box: ⁠https://www.bookmarked.club/books/the-box⁠ Sponsors → Stakwork: ⁠https://stacksats.how/stakwork⁠ → CrowdHealth: ⁠https://www.joincrowdhealth.com/⁠ Summary On this episode, Marc Levinson explores the history and impact of containerization on the global economy. He begins with an introduction to the topic and the motivation behind writing his book 'The Box'. The discussion then delves into the state of international trade before the advent of containers and the challenges faced by dock workers. The role of regulation and the ICC in shaping the industry is also explored. The conversation highlights the story of Malcolm McLean and his pivotal role in the birth of containerization. The impact on small shipping towns, the unintended consequences, and the expansion and standardization of containers are also discussed. Finally, the conversation explores the lessons learned from container standardization, the impact of container shipping on Asia and American economies, the reversal of ship sizes, technological innovations in the shipping industry, potential threats to the shipping industry, and the development of the container shipping industry. Takeaways - Containerization revolutionized international trade and played a major role in the growth of globalization. - The development of container shipping was driven by a combination of economic factors, technological advancements, and the vision of individuals like Malcolm McLean. - The standardization of containers and the establishment of regular shipping routes were crucial in the growth and success of containerization. - Containerization had significant implications for labor unions, dock workers, and small shipping towns, leading to changes in employment and economic structures. Container standardization took about 10 years to reach a result that seemed acceptable to everybody, showing that standardization processes can be slow. - Container shipping had a significant impact on the economies of Asia and the United States, enabling the growth of trade and the development of new business models. - The trend of increasing ship sizes is likely to reverse, as the economies of scale are not as beneficial as initially expected. - Technological innovations in the shipping industry are focused on marginal improvements rather than revolutionary changes. - Technologies like 3D printing and demographic changes may pose threats to the shipping industry. - The development of the container shipping industry was a result of incremental changes and decisions that had significant long-term effects. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Background 03:41 Life Before Containers 10:09 Regulation and the Role of the ICC 13:10 Malcolm McLean and the Birth of Containerization 19:49 Challenges and Hurdles in the Early Days of Containers 28:47 Impact on Dock Workers and Labor Unions 33:49 Effects on Small Shipping Towns 39:09 Unintended Consequences and Second Order Effects 52:50 Expansion and Standardization of Containers 57:33 Lessons from Container Standardization 01:00:42 The Impact of Container Shipping on Asia and American Economies 01:17:30 The Reversal of Ship Sizes 01:23:11 Technological Innovations in the Shipping Industry 01:27:04 The Potential Threats to the Shipping Industry 01:28:02 The Development of the Container Shipping Industry This show is a Lightning podcast. That means instead of asking for likes or shares, I ask for sats. The best way to show your support is to download Fountain from the App Store, load your wallet with some sats, and send them over the Lightning Network to [email protected]. → Fountain: ⁠https://www.fountain.fm/⁠ → More Episodes: ⁠https://www.stacksats.how/podcast⁠ → Lightning Address: ⚡⁠[email protected]⁠ → Nostr NIP-05: ⁠[email protected]⁠ Links → Bookmarked: ⁠https://www.bookmarked.club/⁠ → Stack Sats: ⁠https://www.stacksats.how/⁠ → Twitter: ⁠https://twitter.com/kerooke