EPISODE 8: Democracy is a Funny Thing

In this final episode of the journey, investigative journalists Diana Neille and Richard Poplak visit the ground zero of the July 2021 uprising: the strategic town of Mooi River. Here, we wrap up our deep dive into the nature of 21st-century liberal democracy, and come to some conclusions on why it appears to be floundering. Featuring: Lincoln Waite, resident of Mooi River Matt Nurse, resident of Mooi River Gordon Odell, resident of Mooi River Mzwandile Nconco, resident of Mooi River Songezo Zibi, author and co-founder of progressive think tank, the Rivonia Circle Ivor Chipkin, co-founder of the New South Institute Imtiaz Sooliman, founder of Gift of the Givers Dr Setlhomamaru Dintwe, Intelligence inspector-general Archive & Music Credits: SABC News / eNews Channel Africa / Written, produced & directed by Richard Poplak and Diana Neille Fact checking and editorial oversight by Sasha Wales-Smith Editing & sound design by Diana Neille, Bernard Kotze & Tevya Turok Shapiro Original soundtrack & visual aesthetic by Bernard Kotze Additional music by Janus van der Merwe Additional voice work by Ayanda Charlie Transcriptions by Gloria Cooper Project Manager: Kathryn Kotze Marketing lead: Sarah Koopman Editor-in-Chief: Branko Brkic Deputy Editor: Jillian Green Executive Producer: Styli Charalambous Produced with support from the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (The content may not necessarily reflect the Foundation’s views or opinions)

Gwede Mantashe now presides over the most important portfolio in the Cabinet — mining and energy. He’s run it like a fiefdom, trying to shut down any real commitment to a green energy transition. We also explore how Mantashe aided and abetted state capture, and the slow but sure creep toward a gangster state, and all-out gang warfare. Featuring: Gwede Mantashe, Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy Ferial Haffajee, Daily Maverick Associate Editor Heinrich Böhmke, Director of the Specialised Skills Institute of South Africa; former trade unionist Archive & Music Credits: SABC News / eNews Channel Africa / France 24 / CGTN Written, produced & directed by Richard Poplak and Diana Neille Fact checking and editorial oversight by Sasha Wales-Smith Editing & sound design by Diana Neille, Bernard Kotze & Tevya Turok Shapiro Original soundtrack & visual aesthetic by Bernard Kotze Additional music by Janus van der Merwe Additional voice work by Ayanda Charlie Transcriptions by Gloria Cooper Project Manager: Kathryn Kotze Marketing lead: Sarah Koopman Editor-in-Chief: Branko Brkic Deputy Editor: Jillian Green Executive Producer: Styli Charalambous Produced with support from the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (The content may not necessarily reflect the Foundation’s views or opinions)

In this episode, the investigation swerves into South Africa’s Eastern Cape province — home of Struggle heroes like Nelson Mandela, Govan Mbeki and the Sisulus. But here the focus is on one of the most powerful politicians of the democratic era — Gwede Mantashe, long-time ANC boss and current Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy. As we delve into Mantashe’s life, we learn about his history in organised labour, and the role unions played in bringing down apartheid. But as the democratic age deepened, organised labour became embedded in the ANC, and Mantashe became the company man — a genial version of a mob boss. Featuring: Gwede Mantashe, former union boss, ANC Secretary General and current Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy Ferial Haffajee, Daily Maverick Associate Editor Heinrich Böhmke, Director of the Specialised Skills Institute of South Africa; former trade unionist Neil Coleman, Co-Founder and Senior Policy Specialist at Institute For Economic Justice (IEJ) Jay Naidoo, co-founder of Cosatu Estelle Ellis, Daily Maverick Senior Journalist Bantu Holomisa, Parliamentarian and president of the United Democratic Movement Dr Protas Madlala, Struggle stalwart, businessman and academic Archive & Music Credits: SABC News / eNCA / British Pathé Written, produced & directed by Richard Poplak and Diana Neille Fact checking and editorial oversight by Sasha Wales-Smith Editing & sound design by Diana Neille, Bernard Kotze & Tevya Turok Shapiro Original soundtrack & visual aesthetic by Bernard Kotze Additional music by Janus van der Merwe Additional voice work by Ayanda Charlie Transcriptions by Gloria Cooper Project Manager: Kathryn Kotze Marketing lead: Sarah Koopman Editor-in-Chief: Branko Brkic Deputy Editor: Jillian Green Executive Producer: Styli Charalambous Produced with support from the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (The content may not necessarily reflect the Foundation’s views or opinions)

Continuing with the Elias “Ace” Magashule saga, Diana Neille and Richard Poplak delve into the alleged political murder of Noby Ngombane, a key administrator in the attempted clean up of the Free State during the early zeroes. His assassination is an example of what can happen when, in the binary gap between opportunity and poverty, liberal democracies begin to swerve toward gangsterism. The tragedy reverberates through the years, as if the sound of the gunshots has never faded. Featuring: Elias Sekgobelo “Ace” Magashule, former Free State leader and former Secretary General of the ANC Nokwanda Ngombane, former chief of staff to former Free State premier, Beatrice Marshoff Petrus “Pat” Zanemvula Matosa, struggle stalwart and former ANC Free State leader Pieter-Louis Myburgh, investigative journalist at Daily Maverick Scorpio Beatrice Marshoff, former Premier of the Free State Archive & Music Credits: SABC News / eNCA / Ray Charles, “Drown In My Own Tears” / Luther Vandross, “Dance With My Father”, sung by Zandile Ngombane Written, produced & directed by Richard Poplak and Diana Neille Fact checking and editorial oversight by Sasha Wales-Smith Editing & sound design by Diana Neille, Bernard Kotze & Tevya Turok Shapiro Original soundtrack & visual aesthetic by Bernard Kotze Additional music by Janus van der Merwe Additional voice work by Ayanda Charlie Transcriptions by Gloria Cooper Project Manager: Kathryn Kotze Marketing lead: Sarah Koopman Editor-in-Chief: Branko Brkic Deputy Editor: Jillian Green Executive Producer: Styli Charalambous Produced with support from the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (The content may not necessarily reflect the Foundation’s views or opinions)

For many years, the Free State functioned as the personal fiefdom of one of South Africa’s most prominent – and most dangerous – politicians: former drama nerd, “internal exile” and Secretary General of the African National Congress, Elias “Ace” Magashule. Nokwanda Ngombane and her family experienced firsthand the thrall Magashule held over the province from the 2000s until his fall from power in 2021, and paid the ultimate price for their role in trying to rid the Free State of factionalism and corruption. Featuring: Elias Sekgobelo “Ace” Magashule, former Free State leader and former Secretary General of the ANC Nokwanda Ngombane, former chief of staff to former Free State premier, Beatrice Marshoff Petrus “Pat” Zanemvula Matosa, struggle stalwart and former ANC Free State leader Pieter-Louis Myburgh, investigative journalist at Daily Maverick Scorpio Archive & Music Credits: Associated Press / SABC News / eNews Channel Africa / Periscope Film / SA History Online Written, produced & directed by Richard Poplak and Diana Neille Fact checking and editorial oversight by Sasha Wales-Smith Editing & sound design by Diana Neille, Bernard Kotze & Tevya Turok Shapiro Original soundtrack & visual aesthetic by Bernard Kotze Additional music by Janus van der Merwe Additional voice work by Ayanda Charlie Transcriptions by Gloria Cooper Project Manager: Kathryn Kotze Marketing lead: Sarah Koopman Editor-in-Chief: Branko Brkic Deputy Editor: Jillian Green Executive Producer: Styli Charalambous Produced with support from the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (The content may not necessarily reflect the Foundation’s views or opinions) The Highwaymen

In this bonus mini-episode, Diana Neille and Richard Poplak give some context to their seven-point progression of how liberal democracies break down over time, referred to throughout the series. They’ve enlisted the help of struggle stalwart and former cabinet minister and ANC National Executive Committee member, Pallo Jordan, to illustrate how South Africa’s democratic project is emblematic of this breakdown. Featuring: - Pallo Jordan, struggle stalwart and former ANC National Executive Committee member & cabinet minister Written, produced & directed by Richard Poplak and Diana Neille Fact checking and editorial oversight by Sasha Wales-Smith Editing & sound design by Diana Neille, Bernard Kotze & Tevya Turok Shapiro Original soundtrack & visual aesthetic by Bernard Kotze Additional voice work by Ayanda Charlie Transcriptions by Gloria Cooper Project Manager: Kathryn Kotze Marketing lead: Sarah Koopman Editor-in-Chief: Branko Brkic Deputy Editor: Jillian Green Executive Producer: Styli Charalambous Produced with support from the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (The content may not necessarily reflect the Foundation’s views or opinions)

Investigative journalists Richard Poplak and Diana Neille continue their travels around KwaZulu-Natal. As they hear from those on the ground, and as they dig deeper into the history of the embattled province, and that of its notorious former leader, Dr Zweli Mkhize, they are drawn into the heart of Assassination Nation. Featuring: - Dr Zweli Mkhize, former Premier of KwaZulu Natal, former ANC Treasurer-General, former Minister of Health - Thabo Mbeki, former president of South Africa - Sibusiso “S’bu” Zikode, President of Abahlali BaseMjondolo - Cyril Madlala, communications consultant and former head of communications for former KZN Premier Dr Zweli Mkhize - Chris Makhaye, freelance journalist and KZN correspondent - Neil Coleman, Co-Founder and Senior Policy Specialist at Institute For Economic Justice (IEJ) - Andrew Feinstein, former ANC MP turned anti-corruption advocate, author and filmmaker - Quinn Slobodian, author, historian and the Marion Butler McLean Professor of the History of Ideas at Wellesley College - Zackie Achmat, activist and co-founder of the Treatment Action Campaign Archive credits: The Forge / Associated Press / SABC News / eNews Channel Africa / Periscope Film / World Peace Foundation / Journeyman Pictures / The Presidency of the Republic of South Africa Written, produced & directed by Richard Poplak and Diana Neille Fact checking and editorial oversight by Sasha Wales-Smith Editing & sound design by Diana Neille, Bernard Kotze & Tevya Turok Shapiro Original soundtrack & visual aesthetic by Bernard Kotze Additional voice work by Ayanda Charlie Transcriptions by Gloria Cooper Project Manager: Kathryn Kotze Marketing lead: Sarah Koopman Editor-in-Chief: Branko Brkic Deputy Editor: Jillian Green Executive Producer: Styli Charalambous Produced with support from the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (The content may not necessarily reflect the Foundation’s views or opinions) The Highwaymen

KwaZulu-Natal is the diva of South African provinces, a place with a deep and complex history of political violence that has not abated, and one that has suffered a string of disasters, uprisings and climate catastrophes in recent years. One of its most famous sons is Dr Zwelini Lawrence Mkhize, a former uMkhonto we Sizwe militant, a doctor in a white coat and a prominent part of South Africa’s political elite, who has played a major role in shaping the past and present of this troubled province. Featuring: - Dr Zweli Mkhize, former Premier of KwaZulu-Natal, former ANC Treasurer-General, former Minister of Health - Sibusiso “S’bu” Zikode, President of Abahlali BaseMjondolo - Cyril Madlala, Communications consultant and former head of communications for former KZN Premier Dr Zweli Mkhize - Chris Makhaye, freelance journalist and KZN correspondent Archive credits: News24 / CGTN Africa / Newzroom Afrika / eNews Channel Africa / SABC News / Associated Press / ABC News Australia / Reuters Written, produced & directed by Richard Poplak and Diana Neille Fact checking and editorial oversight by Sasha Wales-Smith Editing & sound design by Diana Neille, Bernard Kotze & Tevya Turok Shapiro Original soundtrack & visual aesthetic by Bernard Kotze Additional voice work by Ayanda Charlie Transcriptions by Gloria Cooper Project Manager: Kathryn Kotze Marketing lead: Sarah Koopman Editor-in-Chief: Branko Brkic Deputy Editor: Jillian Green Executive Producer: Styli Charalambous Produced with support from the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (The content may not necessarily reflect the Foundation’s views or opinions) The Highwaymen

Investigative journalists Richard Poplak and Diana Neille set out on a road trip through post-uprising South Africa, in search of answers to help explain what is happening to the country’s democracy and, by extension, to many others around the world. They meet with two self-described community activists in Durban, who stepped in to the void created by a government that couldn’t cope, during the eight days of riots that followed former president Jacob Zuma’s incarceration in July, 2021. Then, they make their way up to the outskirts of Pietermaritzburg, to the birthplace of a presidential hopeful, whose story is representative of the devolution of South Africa’s ruling party, the African National Congress. Featuring: Zain Soosiwala, co-founder of eThekwini Secure Mohammed Ismail, senior member of eThekwini Secure Songezo Zibi, author and co-founder of progressive think tank, the Rivonia Circle Channel 4 News / eNews Channel Africa / Africa News / CBC News: The National / SABC News / NBC News / CNBC / World Is One News / CNN / DW News / BBC News / Carte Blanche Written, produced & directed by Richard Poplak and Diana Neille Fact checking and editorial oversight by Sasha Wales-Smith Editing & sound design by Diana Neille, Bernard Kotze & Tevya Turok Shapiro Original soundtrack & visual aesthetic by Bernard Kotze Additional voice work by Ayanda Charlie Transcriptions by Gloria Cooper Project Manager: Kathryn Kotze Marketing lead: Sarah Koopman Editor-in-Chief: Branko Brkic Deputy Editor: Jillian Green Executive Producer: Styli Charalambous Produced with support from the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (The content may not necessarily reflect the Foundation’s views or opinions) The Highwaymen

In December 2022, the 55th – and possibly last – elective conference of South Africa’s ruling African National Congress will take place against a backdrop of socio-political chaos. In this new limited audio documentary series by Daily Maverick, investigative journalists Richard Poplak and Diana Neille take a road trip across South Africa in search of answers to how the country got to this breaking point, and how the lives and careers of three senior ANC figures – Ace Magashule, Gwede Mantashe and Dr Zweli Mkhize – may be representative of the rise and stumble of our once vaunted democratic project and, by extension, liberal democracies everywhere.