Austerity Welfare Work in Interwar Bucharest (Alexandra Ghiț)

Why have the histories of work and the histories of welfare been told separately, and what happens when we bring them together? In this episode of the Transformative Podcast, Alexandra Ghiț (GWZO Leipzig) focuses on domestic servants, social workers, and users of welfare in interwar Bucharest to argue that “histories of welfare provision are histories of work, and histories of work are histories of welfare provision.” She tells Rosamund Johnston (RECET) how welfare provision has historically been gendered, how this has changed over time, and how a locally-specific but transnationally-connected form of “austerity welfare work” was developed by unpaid and paid, formal and informal workers alike in Depression-era Bucharest. Alexandra Ghiț is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Postdoctoral Fellow at the Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe (GWZO), Leipzig. She is the author of Welfare Work Without Welfare: Women and Austerity in Interwar Bucharest (De Gruyter Brill, 2025). Ghiț is an editor of the 2024 volume, Through the Prism of Gender and Work: Women’s Labour Struggles in Central and Eastern Europe and Beyond, 19th and 20th Centuries (Brill, 2024), and the author of numerous articles in Aspasia, The European Review of History, and International Labor and Working Class History.

What does the Non-Aligned Movement look like on a plate? Starting with a series of informal dinners in Rijeka and expanding into various events and workshops, Kevin Kenjar (University of Rijeka) pays homage to the Non-Aligned Movement through exploration and fusion of various culinary traditions coming from its numerous member states. In this episode, he reflects on Naan-Aligned Cooking and, with Jelena Đureinović (RECET), explores the tradition of non-alignment through food and cooking. Kevin Kenjar is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Rijeka as part of the ERC project “REVENANT: Revivals of Empire: Nostalgia, Amnesia, Tribulation,” where his research spans a number of sites, particularly in the post-Habsburg and post-Ottoman borderlands. He earned his PhD in Anthropology at UC Berkeley, specializing in Linguistic and Sociocultural Anthropology. His dissertation, which was 300 year micro history of a single street corner in Sarajevo, is the basis of his forthcoming book, “The Street Corner that Started the 20th Century.”

The Routledge Handbook of 1989 and the Great Transformation analyzes the pivotal year of 1989 and the transformation processes that resulted from a historical perspective. It brings research done over the past five years at the Research Center for the History of Transformations (RECET) into dialogue with cutting-edge scholarship by political scientists, sociologists, historians, literary scholars and anthropologists at institutions across Europe and beyond. In this episode of the Transformative Podcast, two of the handbook’s editors Rosamund Johnston and Jannis Panagiotidis (both RECET) talk through the four main arguments made by the book: that the “great transformation” presented here started earlier than 1989; that its legacies linger in spaces, practices, and objects; that in order to grasp the scale of what happened around 1989, it is important to bring Eastern and Central Europe into conversation with other global regions; and that the former Eastern Bloc served as an important node in a larger, global transformation. They also reflect upon how the events of that momentous year can be used as a hinge to explore longer-term processes of economic, social, political, and cultural transformation linked to the rise of neoliberalism and globalization since the 1970s. Find out more about the Routledge Handbook. Rosamund Johnston is a postdoctoral researcher at RECET. She is the author of Red Tape: Radio and Politics in Czechoslovakia, 1945-1969 (Stanford UP, 2024) and Havel v Americe (Host, 2019). Jannis Panagiotidis is the Scientific Director of RECET. He wrote the books: Antiosteuropäischer Rassismus in Deutschland (Anti-East European Racism in Germany) (Beltz/Juventa, 2024), The Unchosen Ones. Diaspora, Nation, and Migration in Israel and Germany (Indiana UP, 2019) and Postsowjetische Migration in Deutschland: Eine Einführung (Beltz/Juventa, 2021).

Ever since the foundation of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the Communist Party of China (CCP) has used the historical memory of WWII to legitimize its rule. Exactly how the historical conflict gets framed, and which parts of it are highlighted while others get omitted, has been subject to dramatic changes – just like China itself – as the different CCP leaderships adjusted and readjusted their agendas, domestic and international politics, and their imagining of what a “New China” – should mean. In this Transformative Podcast, RECET Scientific Director Jannis Panagiotidis talks to Markéta Bajgerová Verly (Austrian Academy of Sciences) exploring China’s Everchanging History of WWII. Want to find out more about this intriguing topic? Read Markéta’s blogpost for our RECET Transformative Blog. Markéta Bajgerová Verly is a political scientist focusing on the memory politics of East Asia and the globalization of memory. Recently, she was a fellow at the Vienna Wiesenthal Institute for Holocaust Studies leading research on the memory politics of Shanghai Jewish Refugees in China and Austria. She holds a PhD from the University of Vienna in which she focused on World War II museums in contemporary China. Her PhD research was conducted within the ERC project "Globalized Memorial Museums" at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. In 2020, she obtained an MA degree in China Studies (Politics and International Relations) from Yenching Academy at Peking University. In China, she led a Dean's Grant project mapping 30 museums across different Chinese provinces devoted to the memory of the War of Resistance against Japan and its memory politics.

What does football tell us about Ukraine's political and economic transformations after the collapse of the Soviet Union? In this episode, Kateryna Chernii (ZZF Potsdam) tells Jelena Đureinović (RECET) about football in the Soviet Union and Ukraine, the legacies of communism, the role of elites and what is happening in this sphere in the context of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Chernii reflects on the legacies of the Soviet system in football, illuminating bottom-up perspectives on the post-Soviet transformation in Ukraine. Kateryna Chernii is a research associate at the Leibniz Centre for Contemporary History in Potsdam, where she also completed her PhD. Her doctoral thesis focused on the transformation process of Ukrainian football and its elites after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Her research interests include sports history, the history of transformations, and the legacies of communism.

In this episode, Hannah Käthler (RECET) talks to RECET's Founding Director Philipp Ther, whose newest book Der Klang der Monarchie (Suhrkamp, 2025) tells the history of the Austro-Hungarian Empire through the prism of the music it created and was shaped by. Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were instrumental in holding the empire together. "Habsburg Pop" reached the masses and became a global export. The Habsburg Empire hummed, sang, danced, drummed, and only went under when its great musical means failed in the Great War. Philipp Ther teaches Modern European and East European History at the University of Vienna. He has published five books in English, and his publications have been translated into various other languages. He has received several prizes and awards, including the 2015 Prize of the Leipzig Book Fair for Die neue Ordnung auf dem alten Kontinent, which was also shortlisted for the Prix du livre européen. Furthermore, his work has earned him the Richard G. Plaschka Prize (2006) and the Wittgenstein Prize (2019). He is the founder of the Research Center for the History of Transformations at the University of Vienna.

Since the beginning of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Ukrainian men of fighting age have been subject to a wartime draft. Yet many have chosen to flee the country, often risking perilous border crossings in search of safety. In this episode of the Transformative Podcast, Irena Remestwenski (RECET) speaks with Sofie Rose (University of Southern Denmark), who unpacks the emotional and moral complexities of male flight and reflects on how dominant wartime narratives seek to shape — and police — masculine identities in contemporary Ukraine. Together, they explore the implications of these tensions for postwar reintegration, gender norms, and Ukraine’s social fabric. Sofie Rose is a political scientist and Postdoctoral Fellow in International Politics at the Center for War Studies, University of Southern Denmark. She works in the span between political science, sociology, and gender studies to explore complex issues related to reconciliation, social cohesion, and gendered inequalities, emerging within contexts of armed conflict. She has recently concluded a project titled “The Politics of Masculinity and Stigmatization of Fighting-age Ukrainian Men Who Flee the War”. 

In the aftermath of World War I, what used to be the Habsburg Empire split up into several nation states. But where to draw a border between the new Austrian Republic and the Hungarian nation state? In this episode, Leonid Motz (RECET) speaks with Hannes Grandits (HU Berlin) and Katharina Tyran (University of Helsinki) about their new edited volume The Disputed Austro-Hungarian Border: Agendas, Actors, and Practices in Western Hungary/Burgenland after World War I (with Ibolya Murber, published with Berghahn). They highlight how border-making was contested, negotiated, and experienced on the ground in one of the former Empire’s most multiethnic and multilingual regions—and what these debates reveal about nation‑state formation, identity, and transnational continuities in post‑1918 Central Europe. Hannes Grandits is Professor of Southeast European History at Humboldt University in Berlin.  Katharina Tyran is Associated Professor in Slavic Philology at the University of Helsinki.

What is postsocialism and how has it been experienced around Eastern Europe? Ambiguously, according to Jill Massino, the editor, with Marcus Wien, of a new volume on the topic: Everyday Postsocialism in Eastern Europe: History Doesn’t Travel in One Direction (Purdue University Press, 2024). From white-collar workers whose fates diverged, to sexual minorities who enjoyed some years of unprecedented openness and recognition before policy reversals wiped out perceived gains, Massino reflects upon the “complexity of experience” of this period, concluding, therefore, that history does not move in one direction. By foregrounding the perspectives of non-elites whose complaints about the present are sometimes dismissed as “nostalgic,” we might better understand, Massino suggests, the frustrations harnessed by populists today. Jill Massino is an associate professor of history at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. She is the author of Ambiguous Transitions: Gender, the State, and Everyday Life in Socialist and Postsocialist Romania and coeditor of Gender Politics and Everyday Life in State Socialist Eastern and Central Europe.

Is there socialist tropical medicine? Why is it important to write state-socialist Eastern Europe in the global history of medicine after 1945? In this episode, Bogdan Iacob tells Jelena Đureinović (RECET) about socialist tropical medicine, its development, purposes and understanding within Eastern Europe. He explains how state-socialist Eastern Europe shaped the assistance to postcolonial states and WHO programs and what discourses and hierarchies emerged in this context. Bogdan C. Iacob is a historian working at the Nicolae Iorga Institute of History at the Romanian Academy of Sciences and the Institute for Habsburg and Balkan Studies at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. His work centres on the role of Eastern European experts in international organisations and post-colonial spaces, and he has contributed to the shifting of paradigm in transnational and global history of medicine, with Eastern Europe in focus.