एक चुनाव की अनेक दिक्कतें। One Election, Many Problems

हम सभी जानते है कि भारत की राज्य क्षमता यानी की state capacity सीमित है। इसका असर आम भारतीयों के जीवन पर भी होता है। प्राथमिक शिक्षा का उदाहरण लें तो यदि हम यथास्थिति बनाए रखते हैं, तो 2047 तक, हमारे पास अन्य 20 करोड़ बच्चे होंगे जो बुनियादी साक्षरता के बिना प्राथमिक शिक्षा पूरी करेंगे। लेकिन बड़ा सवाल यह है कि राज्य की क्षमता कैसे बढ़ाई जाए? सरकारी नौकरशाही के ब्लैक बॉक्स को कैसे सुधारा जाए? इन्हीं कुछ अहम सवालों के जवाबों की खोज प्रोफेसर कार्तिक मुरलीधरन की नयी किताब में। माफ़ कीजियेगा, ये किताब नहीं, ग्रंथ है। आज की पुलिया पर उसकी झांकी लीजिये, वो भी प्रोफ़ेसर साहब की सहज हिंदी में। हमें तो कई उत्तर मिलें। आप भी सुनिए, और कुछ सवाल हो तो हमें ज़रूर भेजिए। The Indian state takes up mighty goals, but fails to fulfil them due to its limited state capacity. This has disastrous consequences on the lives of ordinary Indians. Take the example of primary education—if we maintain the status quo, by 2047, we will have another 20 crore children that will finish primary school without basic literacy. But the big question is how to increase state capacity? How to tweak the black box of government bureaucracy to make it work better? In this puliyabaazi, we look for some answers from Prof. Karthik Muralidharan’s new book that combines scholarly research and practical insights to provide actionable, evidence-based strategies for better governance. Readings:Accelerating India’s Development by Karthik Muralidharan acceleratingindiasdevelopment.inListen to related Puliyabaazi:आर्थिक सुधारों की कहानी मोंटेक सिंह अहलूवालिया की ज़ुबानी। Backstage with Montek Singh Ahluwaliaबेलगाम संस्थाएं, जनता का नुकसान। Caged Tiger ft. Subhashish BhadraIf you have any questions for the guest or feedback for us, please comment here or write to us at [email protected]. If you like our work, please subscribe and share this Puliyabaazi with your friends, family and colleagues.Website: https://puliyabaazi.inHosts: @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeeGuest: @karthik_econTwitter: @puliyabaazi Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

इस हफ़्ते पुलियाबाज़ी पर हमारे दो बेंगलुरु निवासी होस्ट ‘कारे मेघा, कारे मेघा’ का आलाप लगाते पाए गए। पानी कब बरसेगा ये तो पता नहीं, पर इस पानी की समस्या में छिपे कुछ पब्लिक पॉलिसी के पाठ प्रणय ने ख़ोज निकाले। जब किसी संसाधन की कमी हो तो उसकी सही कीमत लगाने से  उसका सही उपयोग निश्चित किया जा सकता है, ये तो पुलियाबाज़ी के श्रोता जानते ही होंगे। आज की पुलियाबाज़ी में नज़र दौड़ाते हैं बेंगलुरु में मिल रहे पानी की सही कीमत और उसे कौन चुकाता है इसके बारे में भी। इसी साथ पब्लिक पॉलिसी समझने के एक फ्रेमवर्क विकसैलियन कनेक्शन को भी समझ लेते हैं। As the graph below shows, the silicon valley of India is experiencing a heat wave. This is going to exacerbate the ongoing water crisis. While many find the solution in drawing more from Kaveri, Pranay analyses the issue through the framework of Wicksellian Connection—a public policy framework that looks for an overlap between the three aspects of utilising a scarce resource. Who decides? Who gets the benefit? Who pays for it? How does Bengaluru’s water supply fare when tested on this framework? What are the consequences of such a Wicksellian Disconnection and how can it be resolved? This and more on today’s Puliyabaazi.We discuss:* A public policy view to water crisis* A Wicksellian Disconnection* Subsidising the elite* Water usage in Singapore* Solution based on this framework* Where to apply this framework?Readings:India Policy Watch #1: A Wicksellian Disconnection by Pranay KotasthaneWell Labs Bengaluru Urban Water Balance ReportBangalore Water Crisis: Marginal pricing of water, subsidies to poor may curb water woes by Anupam ManurListen to related Puliyabaazi:भारत: एक भूजल सभ्यता। India: A Groundwater Civilisation.कावेरी जल विवाद को कैसे सुलझाएं? Resolving the Kaveri water disputeIf you have any questions or feedback for us, please comment here or write to us at [email protected]. If you like our work, please subscribe and share this Puliyabaazi with your friends, family and colleagues.Website: https://puliyabaazi.inHosts: @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeeTwitter: @puliyabaazi Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

आज़ादी के बाद भारत में जो राजनीतिक पार्टियां उभर कर आ रही थी उसमें से एक थी राजाजी द्वारा स्थापित स्वतंत्र पार्टी। उनकी कोशिश थी की आज़ादी के बाद के भारत में कांग्रेस की योजनाबद्ध व्यवस्था के सामने स्वतंत्र आर्थिक नीति के समर्थन में एक प्रतिपक्ष रखा जाये। क्या थी इस स्वतंत्र पार्टी की विचारधारा और उसकी राजनीति? जिस समय देश में समाजवादी विचारधारा का प्रभुत्व था उस समय अमरीका की लिबर्टेरियन विचारधारा से प्रभावित पार्टी कैसे उभर कर आ पायी? हमें तो ये कहानी एक गुत्थी की तरह लगी जो हमारे मेहमान आदित्य बालसुब्रमन्यन अपनी किताब और इस पुलियाबाज़ी में बख़ूबी सुलझाते हैं। हिंदी में बोलने के आदी न होने के बावजूद आदित्य ने हिंदी में बात करने का विशेष प्रयत्न किया उस के लिए उन्हें शुक्रिया। Join us in this conversation as we try to understand the origins and ideology of the Swatantra party, which was an attempt at offering effective opposition to Congress’s one party dominance in post-independence India. The party, founded by C. Rajagopalachari who famously formulated the term ‘Licence Permit Raj’, was influenced by libertarian thought and rallied behind the promise of a free economy in contrast to the planned economy of the erstwhile Congress government. But history is seldom that straightforward. This story and its characters also have many shades. Listen patiently as our guest Aditya Balasubramanian narrates a comprehensive picture of the Swatantra party and its politics. We discuss:* Understanding the roots of liberalisation* Emerging ideologies after independence* Free Economy vs Free Markets* Policy changes after independence* How did they gather electoral strength* Rallying around private property rights* C. Rajagopalachari’s involvement in Swatantra* Difference between theory and practice* The decline of Swatantra* The use of print public sphereReadings:Toward a Free Economy by Aditya BalasubramanianListen to related Puliyabaazi:भारत में बैंकिंग : हुंडी से सरकारीकरण तक. History of Indian Banking Part 1.आज़ादी की राह: स्वदेशी बनाम खुले व्यापार की १५० साल पुरानी बहस। Historical Debate on Swadeshi vs Free TradeIf you have any questions for the guest or feedback for us, please comment here or write to us at [email protected]. If you like our work, please subscribe and share this Puliyabaazi with your friends, family and colleagues.Website: https://puliyabaazi.inHosts: @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeeGuest: @Aditya_BalasubTwitter: @puliyabaazi Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

हाल ही में सौरभ अपने काम को लेकर अमरीका जाकर आए। तीन अलग अलग शहर एटलांटा, डेट्रॉइट और पालो आल्टो की मुलाकात ली। तो आइये जानते है कि अमेरिका में व्यापार प्रदर्शन कैसे होते है? कौन बचा सकता है एक दिवालिया शहर की कलाकृतियों को? और ऐसे कई अनोखे अवलोकन सौरभ के पिटारे से। This week, we get a peek into the world of manufacturing in the US as Saurabh shares his travel notes from his visit to Atlanta, Detroit and Palo Alto. We discuss:* Trade Exhibition in Atlanta* Detroit, a ghost city?* Innovative Robots* Do we need Humanoid Robots?* Hubs and VC funding* Globalisation in Supply Chain * Observations in Palo AltoReadings:* Alexis de Tocqueville* The Fight to Save Detroit’s Art Museum* California Proposition 47Listen to related Puliyabaazi:सफ़रनामा: अमरीका से थाईलैंड से केन्या तक। Travelogue from US, Thailand, Kenyaडिजिटल इंडिया का भविष्य कैसा है? India’s Digital Future ft. Nikhil PahwaIf you have any questions for the guest or feedback for us, please comment here or write to us at [email protected]. If you like our work, please subscribe and share this Puliyabaazi with your friends, family and colleagues.Website: https://puliyabaazi.inHosts: @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeePuliyabaazi is on these platforms:Twitter: @puliyabaazi Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

ऐतिहासिक रूप से भारत-अमेरिका संबंध "कभी हां कभी ना" जैसा रहा है। हाल के वर्षों में बदलते भू-राजनीतिक परिदृश्य के साथ इसमें बदलाव आया है, लेकिन कुछ कारणवश हम आज भी अमरीका को थोड़ा संदेह के साथ देखते है। भारत-अमरीका संबंधों के विरुद्ध जो तर्क दिए जाते हैं उनमें कितना दम है? अमेरिका के साथ घनिष्ठ साझेदारी बनाने में भारत को क्या आर्थिक और तकनीकी लाभ होगा? इन सब सवालों पर विस्तार में चर्चा डिफेन्स क्षेत्र में विशेषज्ञ युसूफ उंझावाला के साथ। What will India gain by forming a closer partnership with the US? Can the US be trusted as a partner? Will this jeopardise India’s relations with her historic ally Russia? This week on Puliyabaazi, we discuss the arguments given against closer India-US relations with Yusuf Unjhawala. Yusuf is an Adjunct Scholar at the Takshashila Institution. He has a keen interest in defence and geopolitics and runs India's largest online discussion forum on defence and strategic affairs.We discuss* Recent changes in India-US relations* What are the military and political arguments against close India-US ties* Reliability of US as a supplier* Compromising our strategic autonomy* Relooking alliances with a new perspectiveReadings:Takshashila Discussion Document - Assessing Arguments Against Closer India-US Ties by Yusuf Unjhawala [link]Listen to related Puliyabaazi:कभी हाँ कभी ना। India-US Relations ft. Seema Sirohiभारत से यूरोप वाया सऊदी अरब। New Beginnings with India-Middle East-Europe CorridorIf you have any questions for the guest or feedback for us, please comment here or write to us at [email protected]. If you like our work, please subscribe and share this Puliyabaazi with your friends, family and colleagues.Website: https://puliyabaazi.inHosts: @puliyabaazi @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeeGuest: @YusufDFIPuliyabaazi is on these platforms: Substack, Twitter, InstagramSubscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

हाल ही में केंद्र सरकार द्वारा बिठाई गयी उच्च स्तरीय समिति ने भारत में समकालिक चुनाव पर अपनी रिपोर्ट पेश की। सरकार एक देश एक चुनाव को लेकर काफ़ी संजीदा है। तो क्या है इस समिति के सुझाव? क्या इनसे समस्या सुलझेगी या और उलझेगी? इसी बात पर सुनिए आज की पुलियाबाज़ी। This week on Puliyabaazi, we discuss the High Level Committee Report on simultaneous elections in India that has been released recently. What are its recommendations? What are the unintended consequences of such a drastic change to our election system? We discuss:* Disruptions due to Model Code of Conduct* Should uncertainty associated with elections be reduced?* Will this weaken federalism?* Will this undermine local issues?For your reading:High Level Committee Report [link]Pranay’s newsletter on One Nation One Election [link]:Listen to related Puliyabaazi:एक सवाल, कई जवाब: एक देश-एक चुनाव के बारे में कैसे सोचा जाए? How to think about One Nation-One Election?स्वतंत्र भारत में मतदान की कहानियाँ. How India Conducts Elections.If you have any questions for the guest or feedback for us, please comment here or write to us at [email protected]. If you like our work, please subscribe and share this Puliyabaazi with your friends, family and colleagues.Website: https://puliyabaazi.inHosts: @puliyabaazi @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeePuliyabaazi is on these platforms: Twitter, InstagramSubscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

भारत में ट्रैफिक की समस्या से तो हम सभी जूझते है, तो क्यों न इसी विषय पर आज एक विशेषज्ञ से बात की जाए? आज हमारे मेहमान हैं IIT-Delhi से जुड़े असिस्टेंट प्रोफ़ेसर राहुल गोयल जो भारतीय रास्तों को सुरक्षित बनाने के विषय पर संशोधन करते हैं। तो आइये जानते हैं उनसे ही कि क्या कारक है जो हमारे रास्तों को असुरक्षित बनाते हैं और उन्हें कैसे ठीक किया जाए। Our guest today is Rahul Goel who is an Assistant Professor with the Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Centre, IIT-Delhi. He has co-authored numerous research papers on road safety in India. On today’s Puliyabaazi, he shares his insights on the factors that make Indian roads unsafe and how these can be remedied. We discuss: * Burden of Traffic Deaths in India* Challenges with analysing traffic related deaths and injuries* Factors that make our roads unsafe* Traffic calming measures* Traffic emissions For your reading:Road Safety in India: Status Report 2023 [link]Rahul Goel’s Research Papers [link]Listen to related Puliyabaazi:भारत का भविष्य हमारे शहर तय करेंगे। Managing India’s Cities ft. Devashish Dhar, Authorएक अच्छे शहर का मतलब क्या है? Urbanisation Done Right.If you have any questions for the guest or feedback for us, please comment here or write to us at [email protected]. If you like our work, please subscribe and share this Puliyabaazi with your friends, family and colleagues. Website: https://puliyabaazi.inHosts: @puliyabaazi @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeeGuest: @rahulatiitdPuliyabaazi is on these platforms: Twitter, InstagramSubscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

कहते है न कि पब्लिक पॉलिसी में अक्सर पब्लिक ही गायब रहती है। इसलिए हमारी कोशिश रहती है कि किसी तरह लोगों की लोकनीति में रुचि बढ़ाई जाए । पुलियाबाज़ी भी उसी दिशा में एक कदम है। अब इस श्रृंखला में एक और कड़ी जुड़ चुकी है—ख्याति, प्रणय और अनुपम की नयी किताब ‘We, the Citizens’ जो लोकनीति के मुश्किल पाठ चित्रों के द्वारा आसान भाषा में सीखाने की कोशिश करती है। आज की पुलियाबाज़ी इसी किताब और उसके पीछे की कहानी पर।  This week on Puliyabaazi, Khyati and Pranay share the story behind their new book ‘We, the Citizens’. What was the idea behind the book? What was the process to bring it to life? Also, Khyati shares her journey as a comic illustrator, from drawing short comics for introverts to a fully illustrated 180-pager on public policy.[Book] We, the Citizens: Strengthening the Indian RepublicKhyati’s Tech-stack for creating comics:Drawing Tablet: Huion Kamvas 13, Software: Sketchbook, Layout: Adobe Indesign*****   more Puliyabaazi related to comics and animation  ****** सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता की परिचित-अपरिचित बातें। The People of the Indus ft. Nikhil Gulati* कॉमिक्स और एनिमेशन ख़ालिस देसी अंदाज़ में। Comics and Animation in India ft. Sumit Kumarhttps://puliyabaazi.substack.com/p/comics-and-animation-in-india-ft-b01Write to us at [email protected] Hosts(Twitter handle): @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeePuliyabaazi is on these platforms:Twitter: @puliyabaazi Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

ये DPI क्या होता है? टेक्नोलॉजी के क्षेत्र में क्या नीतियाँ उभर कर आ रही है? इस हफ़्ते पुलियाबाज़ी पर भारत की टेक्नोलॉजी पॉलिसी में एक डुबकी टेक पॉलिसी विशेषज्ञ निखिल पाहवा के साथ।   What constitutes Digital Public Infrastructure? How is the policy framework shaping up around DPI? What are the concerns for us as citizens as more and more things in our life get digitised? Join us on this Puliyabaazi with Nikhil Pahwa, founder of MediaNama, and someone who has tracked the journey of digital India up-close. More article from Nikhil PahwaNikhil’s Blog***** Related Puliyabaazi ****** ChatGPT के बाद क्या? AI After ChatGPT* बेलगाम संस्थाएं, जनता का नुकसान। Caged Tiger ft. Subhashish BhadraWebsite: https://puliyabaazi.inWrite to us at [email protected] Hosts: @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeeGuest: @nixxinPuliyabaazi is on these platforms:Twitter: @puliyabaazi Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

किसान आंदोलन सिर्फ भारत तक ही सीमित नहीं है। हाल ही में यूरोप भर के किसान भी अलग अलग मांगों को लेकर आंदोलन कर रहे है।  ऐसा क्यों? क्या है उनकी मांगे? क्या है जो खेती को दुसरे व्यव्यवसायों से अलग बनाता है? Farmers protest is not a phenomenon limited to India. Recently, farmers all across Europe have been protesting for various reasons? What are the proximate and structural reasons behind these protests? Are there any similarities between the protests in India and Europe? P.S: We recorded this episode before the recent farmer’s protest in India began. There is already widespread coverage on this topic. We thought that this discussion can bring a slightly different POV on the topic. Readings:Tractor Troubles in Europe | Anticipating the Unintended*****   related Puliyabaazi   *****नई कृषि कानून : आज़ादी या बोझ? The New Farm Laws.कृषि दर्पण. Reality of Agriculture in India.*****************Website: https://puliyabaazi.inWrite to us at [email protected] Hosts: @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeePuliyabaazi is on these platforms:Twitter: @puliyabaazi Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in