Interpreting Cerebrospinal Fluid in the 2024 McDonald Criteria Revisions

Dr. Alex Menze and Professor Hakan Cetin discuss the need to reevaluate the approach to diagnosing and treating seronegative myasthenia gravis.  Show citations:  Krenn M, Wagner M, Schuller H, et al. Screening for Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes in Adults With Seronegative Myasthenia Gravis Using Next-Generation Sequencing. Neurology. 2025;105(8):e214177. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000214177 

Dr. Gregg Day and Professor Jonathan Rohrer discuss the significance of studying individuals at risk of developing genetic frontotemporal dementia, focusing on how early cognitive changes before symptoms appear can inform research and future therapeutic trials.  Show citation: Russell LL, Bouzigues A, Convery RS, et al. Executive Function Deficits in Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia: Results From the GENFI Study. Neurol Genet. 2025;11(4):e200248. Published 2025 Jul 21. doi:10.1212/NXG.0000000000200248 

In the second installment of our series on primary progressive aphasia (PPA), Dr. Rogan Magee discusses logopenic PPA.  Show citations:  Grossman M, Seeley WW, Boxer AL, et al. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2023;9(1):40. Published 2023 Aug 10. doi:10.1038/s41572-023-00447-0  Gorno-Tempini ML, Hillis AE, Weintraub S, et al. Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants. Neurology. 2011;76(11):1006-1014. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31821103e6 Santos-Santos MA, Rabinovici GD, Iaccarino L, et al. Rates of Amyloid Imaging Positivity in Patients With Primary Progressive Aphasia. JAMA Neurol. 2018;75(3):342-352. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.4309 Mandelli ML, Lorca-Puls DL, Lukic S, et al. Network anatomy in logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia. Hum Brain Mapp. 2023;44(11):4390-4406. doi:10.1002/hbm.26388  Putcha D, Erkkinen M, Daffner KR. Functional Neurocircuitry of Cognition and Cognitive Syndromes. In: Silbersweig DA, Safar LT, Daffner KR. eds. Neuropsychiatry and behavioral neurology: principles and practice. McGraw Hill; 2021. Accessed November 6, 2025. https://neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=3007&sectionid=253215676  Montembeault M, Brambati SM, Gorno-Tempini ML, Migliaccio R. Clinical, Anatomical, and Pathological Features in the Three Variants of Primary Progressive Aphasia: A Review. Front Neurol. 2018;9:692. Published 2018 Aug 21. doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00692 Clark DG. Frontotemporal Dementia. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2024;30(6):1642-1672. doi:10.1212/CON.0000000000001506 

In the first part of this series, Dr. Rogan Magee provides an introduction to primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and explains its three subtypes.  Show citations:  Grossman M, Seeley WW, Boxer AL, et al. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2023;9(1):40. Published 2023 Aug 10. doi:10.1038/s41572-023-00447-0  Gorno-Tempini ML, Hillis AE, Weintraub S, et al. Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants. Neurology. 2011;76(11):1006-1014. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31821103e6 Santos-Santos MA, Rabinovici GD, Iaccarino L, et al. Rates of Amyloid Imaging Positivity in Patients With Primary Progressive Aphasia. JAMA Neurol. 2018;75(3):342-352. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.4309 Mandelli ML, Lorca-Puls DL, Lukic S, et al. Network anatomy in logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia. Hum Brain Mapp. 2023;44(11):4390-4406. doi:10.1002/hbm.26388  Putcha D, Erkkinen M, Daffner KR. Functional Neurocircuitry of Cognition and Cognitive Syndromes. In: Silbersweig DA, Safar LT, Daffner KR. eds. Neuropsychiatry and behavioral neurology: principles and practice. McGraw Hill; 2021. Accessed November 6, 2025. https://neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=3007&sectionid=253215676  Montembeault M, Brambati SM, Gorno-Tempini ML, Migliaccio R. Clinical, Anatomical, and Pathological Features in the Three Variants of Primary Progressive Aphasia: A Review. Front Neurol. 2018;9:692. Published 2018 Aug 21. doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00692 Clark DG. Frontotemporal Dementia. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2024;30(6):1642-1672. doi:10.1212/CON.0000000000001506 

In this episode of the Neurology Minute, Dr. Nara Miriam Michaelson delves into another women's history minute to discuss Sylvia Lawry. 

Dr. Jason Crowell and Dr. YuHong Fu discuss the importance of differentiating between dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia.  Show citatiion:  Fu Y, Halliday GM. Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia - the same or different and is it important?. Nat Rev Neurol. 2025;21(7):394-403. doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01090-x 

Dr. Dan Ackerman and Dr. Isabel Hostettler discuss the diagnosis, risk factors, and prognosis of RCVS, highlighting the need to recognize symptoms and distinguish it from other causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage.  Show reference:  Hostettler IC, Ponciano A, Wilson D, et al. Outcomes After Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome With Convexity Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Individual Patient Data Analysis. Neurology. 2025;105(5):e213984. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000213984 

In the November episode of the President's Spotlight, Dr. Jason Crowell talks with Dr. Natalia Rost about the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services final rule for how physicians are reimbursed in 2026.  Show reference:  https://www.aan.com/about-the-aan/presidents-spotlight  

Dr. Aaron Zelikovich discusses a recent article on nipocalimab and its role in treating generalized myasthenia gravis.  Show citations:  Antozzi C, Vu T, Ramchandren S, et al. Safety and efficacy of nipocalimab in adults with generalised myasthenia gravis (Vivacity-MG3): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet Neurol. 2025;24(2):105-116. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(24)00498-8

Dr. Katherine Havard Coiro discusses the 2024 McDonald Criteria for Multiple Sclerosis and how to interpret cerebrospinal fluid.  Show reference:  Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2024 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Montalban, Xavier, et al. The Lancet Neurology, Volume 24, Issue 10, 850 - 865