Episode 81: OSIRIS-REx Findings

SwRI’s NEXTCAR project, funded by the Department of Energy, fuses connected and automated technologies to achieve increased vehicle efficiency. The system demonstrates up to 30% energy savings. NEXTCAR works with all vehicles — electric, hybrid or conventional — without changing the engine or hardware. This is a software solution that goes beyond mapping the best route. The NEXTCAR vehicle can “talk” to its surroundings, like other cars and infrastructure, to determine a full, energy-efficient driving plan. NEXTCAR accounts for details like how many times a driver hits the gas and pumps the brakes, a combination that often consumes more energy. After eight years of research and development, the NEXTCAR connected and automated vehicle technology is complete and ready for the next phase. Listen now as SwRI engineer and NEXTCAR program principal investigator Stas Gankov discusses the advantages of a personal NEXTCAR driving experience, how the system collects valuable data and his call out for collaborators for the next phase.

NASA’s Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification and Security – Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission returned to Earth in September 2023 to drop off a sample of rocks and dust from the near-Earth, carbonaceous asteroid Bennu. The first U.S. mission to collect untouched, pristine material from an asteroid is giving scientists a glimpse into the early solar system and insight into the origins of life on Earth. We featured OSIRIS-REx before collection day in 2020. Now, we revisit the mission with an update on sample collection, the delivery of the “time capsule” to Earth and the research uncovering the secrets of the solar system. Listen now as SwRI planetary geologist and OSIRIS-REx co-investigator and instrument scientist Dr. Vicky Hamilton discusses mission milestones, the research team’s surprise findings and what OSIRIS-REx is uncovering about the ingredients of life. Plus, Hamilton briefs us on the latest developments of NASA’s Lucy mission.

We depend on clean, safe, reliable fuel for our personal vehicles, delivery trucks, emergency generators, aviation and so much more. Testing is critical to ensure fuel quality and safety. SwRI has conducted fuels and lubricants research since the late 1950s. Decades later, this important program continues the vital work of analyzing fuels to keep people safe and drivers moving, while looking ahead at the alternative fuels of the future. Listen now as SwRI Fuels and Lubricants Research Director Robert Legg discusses how fuel testing impacts everyone, what his team assesses beyond fuels and his top tips for your next trip to the pump.

SwRI is developing a process to produce graphene from carbon dioxide waste. Graphene is a valuable carbon allotrope with a wide range of applications. It is used in electronics like touchscreens, batteries, coatings, biomedical devices and more. While it can occur under the right chemical and thermal reactions in nature, it is not abundant, and it is difficult to produce synthetically in large quantities. SwRI is working on a large-scale solution, forming graphene from carbon dioxide that has been captured and stored to reduce emissions. Listen now as SwRI chemical engineer Michael Hartmann and scientist Miles Salas discuss how they are turning carbon dioxide waste into a feedstock for a useful, high-demand material.

The SwRI Workbench for Offline Robotics Development™ (SWORD™) is simplifying robotics motion planning. The user-friendly software allows developers to flow from computer aided design (CAD) to robotics management with ease. Robotics are used in manufacturing and other industries for “dull, dirty, dangerous” tasks. When designers move out of CAD for the next phase of product development, they often encounter complicated robotics software. SWORD works with CAD, allowing users to stay in a familiar software environment, making robotics more accessible and streamlining workflow. Listen now as SwRI SWORD developers Matt Robinson and Michael Ripperger discuss SWORD capabilities, how the software fits into the production puzzle and how it could benefit businesses, consumers and patients.

What do you know about your bones? SwRI is developing artificial intelligence (AI) for enhanced bone imaging to give patients a clearer picture of bone health. Current imaging methods, such as CT scans, protect patients from excess radiation but don’t provide detailed information on bone structure. SwRI technology runs these existing images through AI to fill in the blanks on bone health. The AI produces higher-resolution bone images with no additional radiation. Healthcare providers get a better picture of fracture and osteoporosis risk. Patients get faster intervention. Listen now as Dr. Lance Frazer, SwRI biomechanical engineer, discusses the benefits of artificial intelligence for bone imaging and shares his top research-backed tip to strengthen our adaptable, living, smart bones.

Launch is approaching for NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere or PUNCH mission, led by SwRI. Four suitcase-sized satellites equipped with special instruments are setting out to capture the first images of the solar wind, the stream of charged particles that flows out from the Sun’s corona. PUNCH will examine the solar wind in low-Earth orbit, protected by our planet’s magnetosphere. The mission is exploring space weather and its impact on Earth, including how it affects power grids, satellites and astronauts. Listen now as Dr. Craig DeForest, SwRI space scientist, heliophysics expert and PUNCH principal investigator, discusses the mission’s upcoming launch, how PUNCH will make the invisible solar wind visible for the first time and his inspiration to study the Sun, the star that powers our planet.

SwRI researchers used the machine-learning tool Highlight™ to evaluate dozens of consumer products for chemicals, and the potential for human exposure. They looked at clothing, upholstery, fabrics, rubber and plastics samples and subjected them to various heat settings and solvents. They determined what chemicals were present and whether they could be emitted or extracted with normal use. Researchers identified both chemicals known to be harmful to human health and safe chemicals in the household products. The collaborative study with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was published in the Environmental Science & Technology Journal. Listen now as SwRI analytical chemist Dr. Kristin Favela and chemical engineer William Watson discuss how the study will advance the field of exposomics, the type of products that tested as most risky and the SwRI software tool that illuminated the data.

It was a spectacular year of learning about Project Z, a total eclipse, H2-ICE, UHIs, Europa and more. If you listened in 2024, you’re familiar with these topics and are closing the year with a little more expertise in science and engineering. Now, we’re going back, recalling the SwRI technologies, tools, projects and programs that caught our attention this year. Listen now as podcast host Lisa Peña recaps 2024 and takes us through the inspiring and fascinating topics of the year. For all episodes, complete transcripts and photos, visit Technology Today Podcast.

Traumatic brain injury or TBI occurs when an outside force causes a head injury that affects brain function or results in disability or death. TBI can happen to anyone. Causes include a fall, car accident and sports and combat injuries. SwRI researchers are targeting TBI with cutting-edge solutions. The Advanced Military Measure of Olfaction or AMMO is a screening test for smell loss, an indicator of TBI that can signal a need to elevate care. SwRI and The University of Texas at San Antonio are working to prevent TBI with specialized military helmet pads made of material that reacts to changing forces. Listen now as Senior Research Engineer Kreg Zimmern, leading the development of AMMO, and Research Engineer Dr. Daniel Portillo, leading SwRI helmet pad research, discuss pushing boundaries in brain health to screen for and prevent TBI.