TOAST Criteria: Time is Brain, or Brain is TOAST – Part 1

Dr. Katie Krulisky and Dr. Rosemary Dray-Spira discuss the trends in prenatal exposure to antiseizure medications over the past decade.  Show reference: https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000213933  Citation:  Pouneh S, Jérôme D, Sara M, et al. Trends in Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medications Over the Past Decade: A Nationwide Study. Neurology. 2025;105(4): e213933. 

Dr. Greg Cooper and Dr. Jonathan Graff-Redford discuss the key takeaways from the recent Alzheimer's Association International Conference (AAIC). 

Dr. Margarita Fedorova discusses whether living near a golf course impacts the risk of Parkinson disease.  Show reference:  Krzyzanowski B, Mullan AF, Dorsey ER, et al. Proximity to Golf Courses and Risk of Parkinson Disease. JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(5):e259198. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.9198 

In the second episode of this two-part series, Dr. Justin Abbatemarco and Dr. Jennifer E. Fugate discuss patient outcomes and how to manage these individuals both in the hospital and outside the hospital.  Show reference: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laneur/article/PIIS1474-4422(25)00232-7/abstract 

In the first episode of this two-part series, Dr. Justin Abbatemarco and Dr. Jennifer E. Fugate discuss posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), highlighting both typical and atypical MRI findings.  Show reference: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laneur/article/PIIS1474-4422(25)00232-7/abstract 

Dr. Gregg Day and Drs. Laura Baker and Melissa Yu discuss interventions that enhance or safeguard cognitive function in older adults at risk of cognitive decline and dementia.  Show reference: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2837046 

In the second part of this two-part series, Casey Kozak concludes the discussion about the TOAST criteria for classifying acute ischemic stroke. 

In the first part of this two-part series, Casey Kozak discusses the TOAST criteria for classifying acute ischemic stroke. In this episode, she covers large artery atherosclerosis and small vessel disease. 

In the final episode of this five-part series, Dr. Paul Crane concludes the measles series by discussing testing and prevention. 

In the fourth episode of this five-part series, Dr. Paul Crane discusses subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a serious complication of measles.