Super Refractory Status Epilepticus Diagnosis, Management, and Prognostication

In this episode of the Neurology Minute, Dr. Alison Christy delves into another women's history minute to discuss Marcelle Lapicque. 

Dr. Alison Christy and Dr. Matthew Ryan Woodward discuss the complexities of status epilepticus, focusing on its definitions, the transition to refractory and super-refractory states, and the implications for treatment.  Show citation: Woodward MR, Brown JP, Kittner SJ, et al. Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus Diagnosis, Management, and Prognostication: An International Survey Study. Neurol Clin Pract. 2025;15(5):e200520. doi:10.1212/CPJ.0000000000200520  

In the second part of this two-part series, Dr. Bradley Ong explains the four clinical phases of a typical migraine attack.  Show citation:  Lipton RB, Stokes J, Evans CJ, et al. Characterizing the patient experience during the prodrome phase of migraine: A qualitative study of symptoms and their timing. Headache. 2025;65(8):1355-1368. doi:10.1111/head.15024 

In part one of this two-part series, Dr. Bradley Ong discusses the prodrome phase of migraine and how it represents the earliest stage of the attack.  Show citation:  Lipton RB, Stokes J, Evans CJ, et al. Characterizing the patient experience during the prodrome phase of migraine: A qualitative study of symptoms and their timing. Headache. 2025;65(8):1355-1368. doi:10.1111/head.15024 

In part two of this series, Dr. Stacey Clardy and Dr. Sandra Vukusic discuss gender disparities in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.  Show citation: Gavoille A, Leray E, Marignier R, et al. Sex-Related Gap in the Use of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis. Neurology. 105(4) e213907. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000213907 

In part one of this two-part series, Dr. Stacey Clardy and Dr. Sandra Vukusic discuss what disease-modifying therapies can be safely continued and strategically timed when pregnancy is anticipated.  Show citation: Gavoille A, Leray E, Marignier R, et al. Sex-Related Gap in the Use of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis. Neurology. 105(4) e213907. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000213907 

Dr. Alison Christy and Dr. Jennifer L. McGuire discuss neuroimaging findings linked to ICANS, exploring whether specific imaging patterns correlate with distinct neurologic symptoms.  Show citation:  McGuire JL, Pinto S, Erdogan EN, et al. Neuroimaging Findings in Children and Young Adults With Neurotoxicity After CAR T-Cell Therapy for B-Cell Malignancies. Neurology. 2025;105(7):e214086. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000214086 

Dr. Alison Christy and Dr. Jennifer L. McGuire discuss neuroimaging findings linked to ICANS, exploring whether specific imaging patterns correlate with distinct neurologic symptoms.  Show citation:  McGuire JL, Pinto S, Erdogan EN, et al. Neuroimaging Findings in Children and Young Adults With Neurotoxicity After CAR T-Cell Therapy for B-Cell Malignancies. Neurology. 2025;105(7):e214086. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000214086 

In the final episode of this three-part series, Dr. Jeff Lambe addresses practical considerations surrounding the inclusion of the optic nerve as a topography for demonstrating dissemination in space.  Show citation:  Montalban X, Lebrun-Frénay C, Oh J, et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2024 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2025;24(10):850-865. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(25)00270-4 

In part two of this three-part series, Dr. Jeff Lambe outlines how the optic nerve is being incorporated as one of five topographies used to demonstrate dissemination in space. Show citation:  Montalban X, Lebrun-Frénay C, Oh J, et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2024 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2025;24(10):850-865. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(25)00270-4