Iwi and communities bring kiwi back to Wellington after 150 years

For the first time in 150 years, kiwi once again live in the hills surrounding Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand. More than 250 manu ("birds" in the Māori language) were successfully translocated back to the region, thanks to the efforts of the iwi (nations of Aotearoa), community members, and landowners behind the Capital Kiwi Project. Paul Ward, the project lead and founder, joins the Mongabay Newscast this week to explain the yearslong effort to make this possible. "This is a relational project as much as it is what you might traditionally call a conservation project. And I think at a fundamental level that if we lose our relationship with these animals, with these manu … they risk becoming a museum species," he says. Rāwiri Walsh (Taranaki Whānui ki Te Upoko o Te Ika, Ngā Rauru Kītahi, Ngāti Raukawa ki te Tonga, Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi) is the project's Kaimanaaki Kiwi (kiwi guardian) and iwi liaison. He also joins the podcast to explain the process from the perspective of Te ao Māori (the Māori world). For the Capital Kiwi project to receive kiwi, they must be gifted the birds by iwi through a tono, a gifting process. The project then bestows the bird on a community through a pōwhiri, a traditional Māori welcoming ceremony. And then the tono, as Walsh explains, is a request to the iwi for the birds. "From a Māori perspective, we just had to agree with the iwi that we were receiving from, and they had to agree with us that they wanted to give us kiwi," Walsh says. "What we were able to do when moving kiwi is … welcome the people, both the sanctuary workers as well as the iwi, onto the lands that they were bringing the birds. And then … the responsibility and the onus to the birds would switch … we would do the pōwhiri or the ceremony, and then there would be a process where they would be handed over," Walsh says. The project is far from over, Ward says, as communities now share responsibility for caring for the birds. He adds that this model is a proof of concept for reintroducing other species. In total, including newly hatched chicks that made it to fighting weight (more than 90% of them), Ward estimates there are over 300 kiwi in the hills surrounding Wellington. "Ten years ago, [the] challenge probably would've [been] 'Are we being too ambitious?'" he says. "I think now that challenge is one of complacency. "We're leaning into those relationships with our partners, with our iwi, our landowners, and our communities to explore what other taonga [property] species might be returned to these environments." Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Cover image: Walsh performing a health check on a kiwi chick. This photo was one of National Geographic's 2023 images of the year. Image courtesy of Robin Hammond/Capital Kiwi Project. —— Timecodes (00:00) Kiwi return to Wellington (04:28) The Cultural Significance of Kiwi (08:49) Threats & Conservation History (19:00) Building the Capital Kiwi Project (27:46) Relationship with iwi and the tono (31:54) Remarkable Results (50:05) What Comes Next

This week on the Newscast, we're joined by Dilafruz Khonikboyeva, the founder of the Home Planet Fund, an independent, Indigenous-led nonprofit that provides funding for local and Indigenous communities and conservation projects around the world. Khonikboyeva, who is also the organization's executive director, speaks about the ethos of the Home Planet Fund and how it works. But I must emphasize that in my conversation with Khonikboyeva, what stands out most to me isn't just the fund's focus on Indigenous-led conversation and investing in local knowledge. It's the well of experience Khonikboyeva brings to it that, growing up in Tajikistan under Soviet occupation and having firsthand experience of a community making do under extremely difficult circumstances, I believe, is rare among philanthropic efforts. In a sector that runs on reports, restrictions, and guarantees, Khonikboyeva encourages funders to work differently, which often might come in an answer they don't want to hear. "If you're getting a satisfying answer in this space, something isn't right," she says. She explains: "I think sometimes people wanna hear, 'Yes, we'll take your money. Yes, we'll do what you want in the timeline that you want. Yes, everything is possible." And it's just not true, right? That is actually not how life works, and anybody who tells you otherwise is certainly selling you something." The Home Planet Fund chooses to focus on four distinct ecologies that "researchers have pinpointed around the world [as] critical from a climate and biodiversity angle," Khonikboyeva says. These are the Tongass Rainforest of Alaska; the glaciers around Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India — sometimes referred to as "the third pole"; the grasslands of East Africa; and the South Pacific. Through trusted networks, Khoniboyeva and her team identify and build relationships with local communities in these areas who are already engaged in conservation efforts and provide them with funding. "Making sure we have elders, making sure we have whole communities, making sure we have women's groups, making sure we have youth groups involved and co-building with them is really, really important," she says. Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Banner image: Faye Saemala, whose family has lived in the village of Lilisiana, in the Solomon Islands, for generations. Image courtesy of Jason Gagame. —- Timecodes (00:00) "The Hardest of Humanity That I've Seen" (03:41) Dilafruz Khonikboyeva Explains the Home Planet Fund (08:39) Growing Up in Tajikistan (12:00) Community Works Over Monetary Incentive (16:58) How the Fund Built Relationships (19:45) Identifying the Four Ecologies (24:10) Support Mongabay on Patreon (24:48) 'We Don't Accept Grant Proposals' (27:56) Women's Collectives in the South Pacific (31:58) The Case for Unrestricted Funding (35:02) Towards a Collaborative Fund (38:33) "If You're Getting a Satisfying Answer, Something Isn't Right" (40:51) Working in Conflict Zones (45:10) Mindset Shifts for Philanthropists (46:55) 'Investing in Healing Ourselves' (50:49) Closing

Jeff Sikich, the biologist for the National Park Service in Griffith Park, Los Angeles, thought that Steve Winter "was crazy" for wanting to capture a photograph of a mountain lion in front of the Hollywood sign. "He looked at me like I was crazy because he said, 'There are no mountain lions in Griffith Park.' But I knew in the past that there had been," Winter says. It took him 15 months, but Winter managed to do it. He captured the famous mountain lion, named P-22 by scientists, sauntering down a hill at night wearing his tracking collar, with the Hollywood sign shimmering in the background. This helped spark a conservation movement in L.A. and eventually inspired funding for the Wallis Annenberg Wildlife Crossing over U.S. Route 101, which will be the world's largest wildlife crossing when it opens on Dec. 2. Winter and Mongabay contributing editor Sharon Guynup join the Mongabay Newscast this week to detail this story and others that are featured in her and Winter's upcoming book of impactful photojournalism, Big Cats from Nat Geo Books. Each of the nine stories in this book was selected specifically for the conservation outcomes these stories helped inspire. "We really wanted to emphasize that storytelling and photography can change the world. And beyond that, we all can have impact, so we all need to contribute our skills, whatever they are," Guynup says. After reading all 25,000 words, this book stands out to me as more than a collection of top-tier wildlife photography. These are stories of honest hope for big cats on the brink. The impacts tell a larger story to me. People do care, and will take action to protect charismatic species and the ecosystems that depend on them when they're given the right information. The book releases worldwide on Oct. 6. You can find it here. Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Cover image: This photo of P-22 the mountain lion took Steve Winter 15 months to shoot. After its publication, the cat became a worldwide icon. Image courtesy of Steve Winter.  —— Timecodes (00:00) Stories with impact (10:36) A mountain lion in Hollywood (19:47) On top of the world with snow leopards (28:57) Shutting down the Thai Tiger Temple (34:28) Asiatic lions back from the brink (41:19) Towards a future of co-existence

Mongabay staff writer Aimee Gabay joins the Newscast this week to discuss her reporting trip to the Peruvian Amazon, where she spoke with the Indigenous Matsés community. She made the trip initially to examine environmental threats to Matsés territory. Instead, she found them suffering from an epidemic of malaria and hepatitis B, which they have been asking the Peruvian government to help address. "The story itself was a surprise … every question directed to them about environmental changes would immediately become an issue about health," Gabay says. The current epidemic of malaria and hepatitis B they face is being exacerbated by climate change, drought, and state neglect. Prolonged dry weather allows for favorable conditions for malaria-bearing mosquitoes to breed, and at the same time cuts off the river transit that the Matsés depend on for access to health care. Community members have travelled to the nearest major city to plead with the Peruvian government, but they say they're still not receiving the proper health care that they need — sometimes dying after they reach the city, according to Matsés chief Leo Chuma Teca Beso. The Peruvian government has had guidelines for addressing health risks for Indigenous communities for nearly two decades. Still, authorities say they struggle to implement the measures outlined in them, Gabay says. "On paper, they do have the protocols. They have got plans, but it's the implementation that we're not seeing." Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Cover image: San Mateo village, one of 29 Matsés communities in Peru, on the banks of the Gálvez River. Image by Aimee Gabay/Mongabay. Read the full story from Aimee Gabay here. ——- Time codes (00:00) Why the Matsés chose to make contact (10:04) A health crisis (16:21) "Where is the government's support?" (22:06) Risks to the Yavarí-Tapiche Corridor (30:41) Getting help to the communities (33:31) An indicator of Planetary Health

A new award has been created in honor of late conservation icon Jane Goodall by the board of the Starmus Festival, an international gathering of scientists and artists to be held from Oct. 17-22 in Tenerife, Spain. Christiana Figueres has been selected as the recipient of this inaugural Jane Goodall Earth Medal. Figueres is the former executive secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and is known for her work in securing the negotiations leading to the Paris climate agreement. She joins the podcast this week to discuss the significance of this medal and her thoughts on the future of science communication and truth — both of which are focal points of the upcoming festival. "What an absolute giant [Goodall] was to her very last day," says Figueres. "The fact that a medal has been made in her honor, and that I will debut that is just an unbelievable honor." Astrophysicist and co-founder of the Starmus Festival, Garik Israelian, also joins the podcast to discuss the festival theme, "The Search for Truth." He credits the idea for the medal to his advisory board, which includes Starmus co-founder Brian May, also an astrophysicist but better known as the guitarist for the rock band Queen, and fellow musician Peter Gabriel. "Brian was very active in protecting animals, and he had a foundation called Save Me. And another member of our advisory board, Peter Gabriel, was also very active in human rights, and also he knew Jane Goodall very well," Israelian says. Both Figueres and Israelian agree that this year's theme, "The search for truth," runs into challenges in the age of social media, which previous newscast guest Bram Büscher described as ushering in a "post-truth era," where factual information is increasingly hard to discern. The solution, this week's guests agree, may lie in regulating tech companies and their algorithms, which prioritize engagement over truth, with platforms often pushing content that may contain false information. "We are swimming in both disinformation and misinformation all the time without even knowing it," Figueres says. "It is time for us to make a conscious decision," she adds. "We need to surround ourselves with different kind[s] of information. We cannot continue to search for the tiger that is going to eat us up." Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Cover image: Sunrise over the Amazon Rainforest. Image by Rhett A. Butler/Mongabay. Listen to our previous conversation with Christiana Figueres here. Listen to our conversation with Bram Büscher about social media platforms here. —- Timecodes (00:00) A legacy of hope (10:30) The search for truth (24:52) Legal frameworks to hold countries accountable for climate impacts (31:25) An awakening to the importance of nature (40:28) AI and environmental concerns (47:30) Looking to the Starmus Festival

Bhutan is a Himalayan kingdom sandwiched between China and India. Forty percent of its 800,000 citizens work in the agriculture sector. The mountainous country is famous for its breathtaking landscapes and its unique policy of "Gross National Happiness," instituted in 1972 by Jigme Singye Wangchuck, the fourth king of Bhutan. My guests on the Newscast this week say this philosophy is the backbone of the nation's food system, and its plan for full food self-sufficiency by 2029. "Our food system isn't just about producing food. It's about sustaining our landscapes, our communities, and our culture," says renowned chef and restaurateur Bleu Tshering Dorji. She owns two restaurants in the nation's capital, Thimpu. She explains the unique challenges farmers she works with face due to climate change and steep mountain terrain. "We are a mountainous landlocked country, and only a small percentage of our land is, I think, actually suitable for agriculture. We don't have the luxury of just expanding farmland. We have to make better use of the land that we sort of already have," she says. "Labor is becoming extremely scarce as young people sort of move away from agriculture, and farmers still have to deal with issues like wildlife conflict, unpredictable weather, and also getting their produce to the market," Bleu says. Sonam Wangchuk is an executive specialist at the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock for the government of Bhutan. He also joins the conversation to explain how the government plans to address these challenges through the 13th five-year plan, "Transforming the Agrifood Sector for Economic Growth and Sustainable Development." The plan calls for spending the equivalent of about $180 million through 2029. Much of these funds appear to be directly supporting smallholder farmers, the majority of whom in Bhutan are women. "We have been working to strengthen the capacity of the smallholder farmers, especially through training on climate-smart agriculture, improve production technologies, farm mechanization, post-harvest management, value addition and agribusiness and business development for women and youth," Wangchuk says. "The skills are imparted to improve access to finance, technology and markets and creating an environment of entrepreneurship and to support the farmer groups and cooperatives." Some government measures have received criticism, such as the implementation of a 3,400-kilometer (2,100-mile) fence to deter human-wildlife conflict. A previous study from 2023 on agricultural practices in the nation suggested that, "Bhutan should emphasise women-centred initiatives by enhancing access to assets, raising awareness of climate change mitigation strategies, and developing training programs to promote CSA," or climate-smart agriculture. This appears to be what the plan aims to do. However, not all challenges are easily solved with funding. Previous Mongabay fellow Choki Wangmo highlighted some of these challenges through the story of Pen Zam, a medicinal mushroom gatherer who struggles with a shrinking habitat at extremely high altitudes to attain a fraction of what her family used to gather decades ago, before the current climate impacts of today. Later this month, the inaugural Global Conscious Food Systems Summit will take place in Bhutan. Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Cover Image: A chorten, or Buddhist stupa, at a rice field in Bhutan. Image by thaths via Flickr (CC BY-NC 2.0). —- Time codes (00:00) Bhutan is transforming its food system (06:45) A challenge ahead (12:53) How 'Gross National Happiness' guides the way (19:04) Supporting farmers amidst climate change (29:36) Moving the global conversation forward

British wildlife photographer Margot Raggett says she created the book Remembering Elephants after she heard David Attenborough say, "The question is, are we happy to suppose that our grandchildren may never be able to see an elephant except in a picture book?" Her effort was to provoke this question in others and to give the proceeds from its sale to conservation organizations. In a sense, the book went viral and generated a following, prompting Raggett to continue the book series and her nonprofit, Remembering Wildlife. "Sometimes people get upset with me and say 'They're still around,' but I want people to stop and think," Raggett says. In this episode of the Mongabay Newscast, she discusses her journey into photography, the intention behind memorializing still-living species, and details of her 11th book, Remembering Giraffes, which will be published Oct. 12. Raggett has gathered work from some of the world's most renowned wildlife photographers. To date, Remembering Wildlife has raised more than $1.6 million for 85 conservation organizations in 35 countries. Raggett remarks on why she chose to go with giraffes for this volume, explaining how the gentle nature of these giants and their relative calm compared with apex predators are often overlooked or taken for granted, even as their numbers have declined by 30-40% since the 1980s. "Like everything in conservation, the story is not even. So there are some areas where giraffes are doing well, and there are others where they're down to, you know, hundreds. And I just felt they deserved a story to be told. They are silent, and they deserve a voice like all of the other species we've covered," she says. You can preorder or purchase a copy of Remembering Giraffes here. Disclosure: Margot Raggett is a grassroots supporter of the Mongabay Newscast. Mongabay maintains full editorial independence from its financial supporters, who have no role in determining our coverage or editorial decisions. Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Cover image: As the sun sinks behind the Nguruman escarpment in the west, a solitary Masai Giraffe lingers on at a waterhole after drinking, in the late afternoon heat, as a flock of Wattled Starlings take off. Mt Shompole is in the background and the clouds are slowly building up. It's the end of the dry season and the rains are not too far away. Photo by Federico Veronesi. Courtesy of Remembering Wildlife. —- Time codes (00:00) What if we only remember elephants in picture books? (07:10) A cancer diagnosis, and finishing the book (14:17) Momentum for the mammals (18:47) Why giraffes? (26:58) Finding the right images (32:05) The giraffe in the red sneakers (38:10) Most surprising things a wildlife photographer sees

Elizabeth Goldman is a co-director of Global Nature Watch, previously known as Global Forest Watch, a database measuring forest loss that's frequently cited in Mongabay reporting. She joins this week's podcast to detail GNW's updated 25-year analysis of global forest fire trends. The picture is stark: Forest fires burn twice as much forest today as they did 20 years ago, and historic fire seasons are the "new normal," she says. "Catastrophic, large-scale fires are becoming more of a normal. The last three years are the worst three years in the record-keeping in our data set," Goldman says. "Fires now burn twice as much forest as they did earlier in the time series from our data." 2025, considered a drop from 2024, still saw 11 million hectares (27 million acres) of forest, an area roughly the size of Guatemala, burn. Rhett Butler, founder and CEO of Mongabay, published an analysis of the dip in 2025, cautioning readers against reading too much into what appeared to be a reprieve. He noted that large-scale commodity agriculture and climate change, the causes of this forest loss, remain. Goldman agrees. In the absence of "serious action" internationally to combat it, and commodity-driven agriculture that continues contributing to these fires, Goldman says there are things governments can do to mitigate their risk locally. "There are ways to sustainably manage a forest, like through thinning and prescribed burns, fire breaks, those sorts of things that don't involve clear-cutting an entire forest, but leave the tree standing, leave the healthy ecosystem there, but are still kind of managing the fuel load," she says. Sustainable management and strengthening Indigenous rights and resources is another cited need, Goldman says, a point raised in a previous Newscast conversation with Erica Gies, who reported on the work of forestry scientist Suzanne Simard. "Results show that 60% coverage really does maintain a lot of the complexity of the forest and those forest relationships and a healthy hydrology, keeping the land from drying … in some ecosystems it seems like 30% might be enough, but definitely clear-cutting seems to not be sustainable," Gies said in that conversation. Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Banner image: Pine forest and granite in the Sierra Nevada. Image by Rhett A. Butler/Mongabay. —- Time codes (00:00) We are 'not on track' to solve this problem (08:31) Boreal regions bear the brunt (12:34) Tropical fires are almost entirely human made (15:44) What can be done right now? (24:51) Urban wildfires 'potentially' likely to continue

In her upcoming book, My Wild City: Finding Nature, Meaning, and Hope in India's Capital, conservation biologist Neha Sinha takes readers to the hidden and not-so-hidden ecosystems of India's largest city. And while the book expertly details the biodiversity, I believe its greatest strength lies in connecting with the reader emotionally through powerful stories from her personal life. On this week's episode of the Mongabay Newscast, Sinha explains why nature in cities isn't just important from an ecosystem health perspective, but necessary for the emotional life of all people. Sinha describes the difficulty of caring for her ailing father, and how this was the moment she found her favorite tree. While waiting in the hospital, she spotted a semal tree (Bombax ceiba). She tells me this was a turning point for her. "In these kind of difficult situations which are physically and mentally challenging … you look at a tree, and it restores you. It kind of makes you feel that you might have strength that you didn't know about. And it's also unique to see a tree in a very urban environment because the tree itself is a survivor," she says. Readers already enamored with nature will find much about My Wild City that will resonate with them. And people in positions of authority tasked with protecting these ecosystems may find insight here that could alter their perspective. Sinha tells me in our conversation that the urgency to care for nature has not yet taken hold in the politics of India, but that it has in the everyday person, pointing to the rise in popularity of urban hiking and bird-watching in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. "I can tell you for sure, there hasn't been a better time for citizens to be engaged and involved in nature. And in many ways, it's actually urban wildlife that has done that," she says, "and I think that's what has started this quiet revolution of documenting the natural world." My Wild City is already released in India under the title Wild Capital: Discovering Nature in Delhi. For readers outside India, you can preorder a copy here. Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Cover image: A parakeet in the Delhi ridge. Photo by Neha Sinha.  —- Time codes (00:00) Trees are more than a name (11:13) Protected spaces and restorative attention (18:29) Meaning in hard times (22:37) Loss of the fireflies (27:56) Where dolphins once swam (34:12) The quiet revolution (37:42) When a tree tunnels into your life (42:25) Decolonization is also recognizing native biodiversity (47:52) 'The justice we give ourselves'

On this week's episode of the Mongabay Newscast, we speak with features writer Ashoka Mukpo, who traveled to southeastern Liberia to investigate what satellite images indicated was a spike in deforestation over a relatively concentrated period. Along with video production coordinator Juan Maza, Mukpo documented illegal cacao plantations in the rainforests in the county of Grand Gedeh. In this interview, he explains how and why these plantations are appearing now in Liberia. "What we saw … probably the best metaphor for it is that there's a kind of gold rush happening in this part of Liberia, except it's not gold that people are after, it's cocoa," Mukpo says. "And this makes sense, given the context that in the last few years there was a huge price spike for cocoa, and this had to do with a lot of factors, including climate change and a poor harvest in Côte d'Ivoire. And so that's pushing this huge number of migrant workers from Côte d'Ivoire into Grand Gedeh." At the end of the year, the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) is set to take effect. The EU legislation would ban the importation of certain commodities produced via deforestation, and one of those commodities is cocoa. And much of the cocoa being grown in Liberia right now would potentially fall under this ban, Mukpo says. Furthermore, setting up the tracking infrastructure to ensure commodities meet EUDR standards is expensive. While nations like Côte d'Ivoire have already invested in this, Liberia has not. That leaves a lot of farmers who are betting on this commodity vulnerable. "A lot of farmers are gonna suffer just from lack of clarity. And I could see a scenario where suppliers choose to just not buy from Liberia because if there's no way for them to know where these beans are coming from, they could get in a lot of trouble if they do buy, and I think that's the real concern," Mukpo says. Please take a minute to let us know what you think of our podcast here. Mike DiGirolamo is the host & producer for the Mongabay Newscast based in Sydney. Find him on LinkedIn and Bluesky. Cover image: A young cacao tree in Grand Gedeh, Liberia. Image by Ashoka Mukpo/Mongabay. —- Timecodes (00:00) Why are forests disappearing in Liberia? (10:56) Communities struggling to make a living (21:18) Perspectives from conservationists (25:38) The EUDR may impact these farms (32:07) 'No clear villain'