#103 Biodegradable vs Compostable: A PLA Masterclass Pt.2 | Dr. Ramani Narayan

Is branding simply marketing, sales and manipulation, or can it go beyond the superficiality into value systems, transparency and even hope? According to this week's guest, branding, is "being". In this Good Garbage episode, Ved Krishna sits down with Raphael Bemporad, Founder of BBMG- a branding consultancy working with companies the world needs. Raphael believes in the ability to use business to create positive change for a more just, equitable and sustainable society. Having worked with huge brands like Nike, Target and PepsiCo (to name a few), Raphael brings to this conversation over two decades worth of expertise from the world of marketing! 📊🎧 Full episode on Spotify & Apple: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast🧠 In this episode with Raphael Bemporad:• Raphael's background in philosophy and family influence• The origin story of BBMG and its mission• The role of branding in social and environmental impact• Case studies of brands like Just Salad and North Face• Strategies for small startups to scale impact• The New Story of Nature and the culture code• Challenges and opportunities in sustainable packaging• The importance of radical transparency and trust• Cultural signals influencing environmental engagement• The nature loop: reconnect, act, belong🎙️ Chapters:00:00 Introduction and Raphael's background02:06 From family roots to social justice and business03:46 Raphael's journey from philosophy to branding06:47 Founding BBMG and early projects12:03 The gelato business and entrepreneurial spirit18:54 Core principles guiding impact-driven business24:02 Working with mission-driven brands like Seventh Generation29:05 Case study: Just Salad and sustainable impact36:02 Challenges in scaling sustainable packaging40:47 The new story of nature and culture signals47:09 Influencing regulators and consumer activism53:08 The importance of trust, transparency, and honesty01:00:08 Building resilient brands and community impact01:05:01 The role of mentorship and community in propagation01:20:00 The new story of nature and the culture code01:29:00 Closing thoughts and future outlooksGood Garbage is a podcast about sustainable materials, packaging and regeneration, hosted by Ved Krishna — conversations with the innovators, scientists and founders building a cleaner planet. The question behind every episode: what is good garbage?BBMG Website: https://bbmg.comRaphael's LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com▶ Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/@GoodGarbage🎧 Listen on Spotify & Apple: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast🔗 More: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast💌 Contact us: [email protected]

Hello, hello! It's Good Garbage News! 🗞️Every month, in addition to our regular episodes with Ved's interviews, we post an industry update with the latest updates in both sustainable packaging and packaging regulations all across the world.🎙️ Hosted by Sargam Krishna & Kumar Niketan 🔬 Innovation:• Zerocircle's heat-sealable coating as a potential replacement for PE coatings on paper cups• The Starbucks Global Innovation Challenge to help the company look for a compostable material to replace their plastic cups and lids• Researchers at Hassanuddin University have developed a biodegradable film for food packaging out of coconut cellulose• Polymateria has created a technology that helps plastic degrade within 2 years• Cirkla to open its first fiber food-tray manufacturing facility in Georgia, United States🌐 Industry:• The UN Global Plastic Treaty ensures production caps as binding and looks into financing the transition away from plastics• Europe's packaging and packaging waste regulations (that apply to all 27 member states) have come into force starting this August• The federal court in Oregon, United States has upheld the state's recycling modernization act in full• Paper and paperboard packaging have been brought into the Extended Producer Responsibility Framework for the very first time in India• FSSAI's Packaging Amendment Regulations now require small format packaging used for tobacco products to be made out of biodegradable materials• The governments of Korea, Japan and Taiwan have mandated a minimum of 10% recycled content in all plastic products, which is set to rise to 30% by 2030💌 Reach out to us at [email protected] for feedback or questions!🔗 Never miss an episode by following us on all our socials by clicking on the links below:Linktree: https://pakka.com/podcast/?utm_source=instagram&utm_medium=profile&utm_campaign=good_garbage_podcast&utm_content=link_in_bio&fbclid=PAcGRvZgJleHRuA2FlbQIxMQBzcnRjBmFwcF9pZA85MzY2MTk3NDMzOTI0NTkAAadOJN0Sm1QJjoG4RZnzndr98pJquZyTMmMIlIMIwT47X70F2pXf2Fu94De-2w_aem_-GsIopi6F-6vTBCwv4kGIAInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/goodgarbagepodcast/Powered by Pakka

Did you know that the little packets of chips we consume everyday are the hardest to recycle? Meet the man who took this challenge and turned it into eyewear! 🕶️This week, Ved Krishna sits down with Anish Malpani, Founder and CEO of Without- a brand "recycling the unrecyclable" and doing it ethically. Anish quit his dream job in New York to find his true purpose in this amazing Pune-based start-up that makes eyewear, packaging, yarn and more from MLP and textile waste that everyone else refuses to touch! Without has created the world's first sunglasses made from 100% recycled chip packets using its patented technology. And this innovation goes hand-in-hand with employing, upskilling and educating India's waste pickers. Anish and his team are proof that it is possible to run ethical businesses at scale for a world without waste and poverty. 🌱🎧 Full episode on Spotify & Apple: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast🧠 In this episode with Anish Malpani:• How Anish quit his dream job in New York and found his way back to India• India's waste-pickers and everything that's wrong with the system• Building a business out of the most rejected material• Developing cutting-edge technology to solve the hardest problem first• Scaling manufacturing and impact• Balancing profitability with social good🎙️ Chapters:00:00 Introduction to Anish Malpani and Without01:49 Anish's childhood in Aurangabad and early memories05:59 Career at iHeart Media and move to New York08:09 Reflections on privilege and purpose10:04 Journey to Guatemala and impact learning12:02 Starting Without and the focus on waste and poverty14:47 Innovations in plastic recycling technology20:11 Building a social enterprise with impact at the core24:55 The significance of the name 'Without'29:48 Challenges with waste pickers and informal workers35:03 The science behind multi-layer plastic recycling40:11 Scaling technology and manufacturing processes44:57 Future vision for Without and impact goals49:53 Building a culture of fairness and dignity59:54 Funding journey and investor relations01:09:54 The importance of social impact and B Corp certification01:15:09 The role of storytelling and marketing01:19:59 Scaling plans and long-term vision01:23:02 Closing thoughts and appreciationGood Garbage is a podcast about sustainable materials, packaging and regeneration, hosted by Ved Krishna — conversations with the innovators, scientists and founders building a cleaner planet. The question behind every episode: what is good garbage?Without's Website: https://without.live/about-us/Without's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/itsmadewithout/▶ Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/@GoodGarbage🎧 Listen on Spotify & Apple: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast🔗 More: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast💌 Contact us: [email protected]

Biodegradable and compostable are not the same word — and the man who put PLA into packaging explains exactly where the difference lives.In this Good Garbage episode, Ved Krishna talks with Dr. Ramani Narayan, Distinguished Professor at Michigan State University and the scientist behind PLA as we know it, about how the legacy polymer was created in his lab, what polymerization really means, and who is responsible for compostability and end of life. Part 2 of 2.🎧 Full episode on Spotify & Apple: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast🧠 In this episode with Dr. Ramani Narayan:• History and science of PLA• Biodegradability in biomedical vs. environmental contexts• Feedstock sources for lactic acid• Polymerization processes and properties• Blending and compounding of bioplastics• End-of-life management and composting standards• Scaling production of bioplastics• Future directions in microbial and bio-based polymers🎙️ Chapters:00:00 Introduction and overview of the discussion00:26 History of PLA and its medical uses02:24 PLA's biodegradability in the human body vs. environment05:20 Environmental challenges and misconceptions about PLA07:30 Cargill's entry into the PLA market and legacy polymer14:23 Feedstock sources and economics of lactic acid production31:01 Polymerization process and properties of bioplastics42:02 Fossil vs. biomass feedstocks and their implications53:43 End-of-life management: industrial vs. home composting01:20:19 Future scale and capacity of bioplastics production01:34:48 The concept of Good Garbage and waste managementGood Garbage is a podcast about sustainable materials, packaging and regeneration, hosted by Ved Krishna — conversations with the innovators, scientists and founders building a cleaner planet. The question behind every episode: what is Good Garbage? 🌱▶ Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/@GoodGarbage🎧 Listen on Spotify & Apple: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast🔗 More: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast💌 Contact us: [email protected]

Hello, hello!This week, we sit down with the OG of biopolymers and the man behind PLA as we know it today-- the one and only Dr. Ramani Narayan, Distinguished Professor at Michigan State University. In this masterclass episode, he teaches us everything to know about biodegradability: from the science to the myths. 🎧 Full episode on Spotify & Apple: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast🌱 In this episode:• Biodegradability as a property, not a magic solution• Standards for biodegradation and compostability• The role of microbial activity and environmental factors• Misconceptions about plastic breakdown times• The importance of proper waste management and composting• The science of microplastics and environmental impact• The difference between natural and synthetic biodegradable materials🎙️ Chapters:00:00 Introduction and guest background01:08 Ramni Narayan's journey from basketball to biopolymers03:19 How did Dr. Narayan get into organic chemistry and biopolymers?08:44 The evolution of biopolymers and their market potential15:25 Understanding biodegradability vs. compostability22:18 Standards and testing for biodegradation36:45 Environmental conditions affecting biodegradation rates44:44 The role of waste management and composting01:00:09 The science of polymer breakdown and microbial activity01:12:20 Impact of temperature and environment on degradation01:22:51 Clarifying misconceptions about biodegradable plasticsGood Garbage is a podcast about sustainable materials, packaging and regeneration, hosted by Ved Krishna — conversations with the innovators, scientists and founders building a cleaner planet. The question behind every episode: What is Good Garbage?▶ Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/@GoodGarbage🎧 Listen on Spotify & Apple: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast🔗 More: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast💌 Contact us: [email protected]

Hello, hello! 🌱Join us this week for a conversation with the amazing Anita Shah, who spent two decades of her life doing humanitarian work in places like Lebanon, Iraq and Somaliland — leaving it all behind to serve the planet. Shah founded Green Stem Products Ltd. as the first of its kind manufacturing facility in her homeland of Kenya to create biodegradable and compostable tableware products. Her journey began with a bank account emptied to support a big dream. Now, her facility produces hundreds of thousands of pieces a month and won the 2025 Sustainability Brand Awards! 🌳With a 70% female team, Green Stem's mission goes beyond packaging solutions. They also provide employment opportunities to people with hearing impairments, albinism and ex-female convicts. Shah is an economist, nutritionist, yoga instructor, aid worker and businesswoman. Who better to learn from about service to the self, people and the planet? 🌍In this episode with Anita Shah:• How Jainism and Iyengar Yoga have influenced a life of service for Shah• How Kenyan supermarkets and turtles ignited a passion for sustainable solutions• The difficulties of starting a business with nothing but a leaf-pressing machine• The challenges with pulping and thermoforming • Figuring out scaling and investments for a smaller business 🎙️ Chapters00:00 Introduction03:42 Empathy Through Humanitarian Work07:59 The Role of Yoga and Meditation11:17 Jainism and Environmental Connection13:34 Transitioning from Humanitarian to Environmental Work19:05 The Birth of Green Stem25:42 Innovating Sustainable Packaging28:49 Challenges in Pulping Technology34:50 Achieving Quality in Small Scale Pulping39:25 Thermoforming Technology and Future Plans49:10 Choosing the Right Technology for Thermoforming52:43 Understanding the African Market and Product Development57:40 Challenges in Pricing and Production Efficiency01:01:30 Raw Material Sourcing and Transportation Issues01:05:33 Innovations in Coating Technology01:19:55 Vision for the Future of GreenStem🌱 Good Garbage is a podcast about sustainable materials, packaging and regeneration, hosted by Ved Krishna — conversations with the innovators, scientists and founders building a cleaner planet. The question behind every episode: What is Good Garbage? 🌐 Green Stem's Website: https://greenstemproducts.com📱 Green Stem's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/green__stem?utm_source=ig_web_button_share_sheet&igsh=ZDNlZDc0MzIxNw==▶ Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/@GoodGarbage🎧 Listen on Spotify & Apple: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast🔗 More: https://linktr.ee/goodgarbagepodcast💌 Contact us: [email protected]

Hello, hello! 🌱In this episode of the Good Garbage Podcast, host Ved Krishna is joined by Efrat Friedland, Founder of materialscout and Co-Founder of Positive Plastics. They speak at length about Friedland's journey from being a designer to leading two businesses, her experience running a Materials Library and her view of the future of material science. 🧪🧠 Together, we will be diving deep into big questions about the world of sustainable materials:• Why is greenwashing harmful?• Can plastic simply be labelled "good" or "bad" without nuance?• If a product breaks down, should it be repaired or replaced?• Who is ultimately responsible for the functioning of the products we buy?• Are bioplastics a good fit for every product?... and much, much more!If you are someone who is fascinated by the world of material science, or simply want to learn more from an industry expert like Friedland, this episode is for you! 🌐 Follow & Listenmaterialscout: https://www.materialscout.comPositive Plastics: https://www.positiveplastics.euListen on Spotify, Apple Podcasts and YouTubeInstagram: @goodgarbagepodcastLinkedIn: Good Garbage Podcast

Hello, hello!In this episode of the Good Garbage Podcast, host Ved Krishna sits down with Nima Vakili, Founder & CEO of Safa Bioworks, for a fascinating conversation on circularity, biomaterials, and what it really takes to build sustainable systems in a world still dependent on fossil resources.Coming from a family deeply rooted in petrochemicals and polymer manufacturing, Nima shares his journey from growing up around industrial plastics to creating a company focused on transforming agricultural and organic waste into high-value biomaterials.This conversation explores the intersection of material science, circular economy, innovation, and long-term thinking—while also diving into personal stories about nature, leadership, business, and the role of optimism in creating systemic change.From recycling carpets and creating closed-loop manufacturing systems to building biobased alternatives in the UAE, Nima explains why sustainability isn’t about eliminating plastics overnight—it’s about designing smarter pathways for the future.🎙️ What This Episode ExploresThis conversation goes beyond the usual sustainability narrative and explores what happens when someone from the heart of the petrochemical industry begins asking bigger questions.Can biopolymers coexist with traditional materials?What does circularity actually look like at an industrial scale?How do countries create ecosystems that enable innovation?And what can nature teach us about regeneration and systems thinking?Through personal reflections and practical insights, this episode uncovers how sustainability becomes meaningful when it moves from ideology to execution.If you've ever wondered:•⁠  ⁠Can bioplastics realistically complement traditional plastics? • Why are circular manufacturing systems difficult to scale? • How do regional policies shape sustainable innovation? • What role does nature play in inspiring industrial solutions? • What happens when business and environmental ambition intersect?This episode answers these questions with honesty, curiosity, and optimism.🧠 In This Episode, You'll Learn•⁠  ⁠How Nima transitioned from petrochemicals into sustainable innovation • The realities and limitations of bioplastics adoption • Why circularity is more than recycling • The role of agricultural and organic waste in future materials • Lessons from building closed-loop manufacturing systems • How the UAE is enabling climate-tech and sustainable infrastructure • Why long-term thinking matters in sustainability • The relationship between business, storytelling, and impact • How nature inspires innovation and regenerative thinking • Why the future of materials must focus on diversification—not replacementThis episode is for anyone curious about the future of materials, sustainability, circular economy, and building systems that create value beyond waste.🎬  CreditsProducer: Utsav KurchaniaVideo Editor: Sargam Krishna🌐 Follow & ListenSafa BioWorks: https://safabioworks.com/company Listen on Spotify & Apple PodcastsInstagram: @goodgarbagepodcastLinkedIn: Good Garbage Podcast💭 Let’s TalkIf you had to redesign packaging from scratch—Would you choose biodegradable materials, plastic alternatives, or an entirely new system? Why?

Hello, hello! In this episode of the Good Garbage Podcast, host Ved Krishna sits down with sustainability content creator Aashima Aghi to explore how conscious living, mindful consumption, and everyday lifestyle choices can create a meaningful impact on both personal well-being and the planet.Aashima shares her journey from being a curious child to becoming one of India's leading voices in sustainability content. From discovering healthier habits during the COVID lockdown to building a platform around sustainable living, she reflects on how small personal changes can inspire broader societal shifts. The conversation covers everything from conscious parenting and reusable products to consumer psychology, minimalism, and the growing commercialization of everyday life.With practical examples and personal experiences, Aashima highlights why sustainability is not about perfection, but about making informed, mindful choices that work for both people and the environment.🎙️ What This Episode ExploresThis conversation goes beyond common sustainability advice and dives into the real behaviors that drive overconsumption. From the commercialization of childhood and disposable lifestyles to reusable alternatives and conscious consumerism, Aashima shares practical insights on how individuals can rethink their relationship with products, convenience, and consumption.The discussion also explores how brands can make sustainability aspirational, how storytelling influences purchasing decisions, and why the future of sustainable living depends as much on mindset shifts as it does on innovative products.If you've ever wondered:•⁠  ⁠Can sustainability become a natural part of everyday life? • Why do we continue to overconsume even when we know better? • How can parents make more conscious choices for their children? • Are reusable products actually better for our lifestyle and not just the environment? • How can brands make sustainable choices more appealing to consumers?This episode answers these questions with honesty, personal stories, and practical takeaways.🧠 In This Episode, You'll Learn•⁠  ⁠How Aashima's sustainability journey began during the COVID lockdown • The connection between healthy habits, mindful living, and sustainability • Why buying less is often the most sustainable choice • The impact of overconsumption and the commercialization of childhood • Practical approaches to conscious parenting and mindful purchasing • The benefits and challenges of reusable products and sustainable alternatives • How personal experience drives lasting behavioral change • Why convenience culture fuels waste and overconsumption • How brands can make sustainability more attractive through storytelling and design • The growing importance of community-driven and purpose-led brands • Why sustainability should be viewed as a lifestyle rather than a trendWhether you're beginning your sustainability journey, looking to reduce waste in your daily life, or interested in understanding the psychology behind consumer behavior, this episode offers valuable perspectives on creating positive change- one mindful choice at a time.🎬  CreditsProducer: Utsav KurchaniaVideo Editor: Sargam Krishna🌐 Follow & ListenAashima's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/planetfirstplease?utm_source=ig_web_button_share_sheet&igsh=ZDNlZDc0MzIxNw==Aashima's YouTube Channel: https://youtube.com/@sustainabilitywithaashima?si=vXRvJWiOW5N2zHGYListen on Spotify & Apple PodcastsInstagram: @goodgarbagepodcastLinkedIn: Good Garbage Podcast💭 Let’s TalkIf you had to redesign packaging from scratch—Would you choose biodegradable materials, plastic alternatives, or an entirely new system? Why?

Hello, hello! In this episode of the Good Garbage Podcast, host Ved Krishna sits down with Vaibhav Anand, Founder & CEO of Bambrew, to unpack how sustainable packaging is being redefined in India through innovation in biodegradable materials and scalable design.From building solutions for milk packaging to creating high-barrier compostable films, Vaibhav shares his journey from Jharkhand to leading one of India’s most exciting climate-tech startups. With deep insights into materials science, circular economy systems, and startup realities, this episode bridges the gap between sustainability theory and real-world execution.🎙️ What This Episode ExploresThis conversation goes beyond buzzwords like eco-friendly, biodegradable, and green packaging and dives into the real challenges of building sustainable alternatives that actually work at scale.From flexible packaging and bioplastics to meta materials and compostable films, Vaibhav explains why the future of packaging isn’t about replacing plastic blindly—but about designing smarter, context-driven solutions.If you’ve ever wondered:- Can biodegradable packaging truly replace plastic in India?- What makes milk packaging so difficult to innovate?- How do startups scale sustainable materials in a price-sensitive market?This episode answers it practically and honestly.🧠 In This Episode, You’ll Learn• Why sustainable milk packaging is a massive opportunity in India• The science behind high-barrier compostable films• What “meta materials” and “material agnosticism” really mean• How COVID accelerated product innovation in climate-tech• The biggest challenges in scaling eco-friendly packaging• Why mindset and systems are as important as materials• The role of bioplastics like PBAT in flexible packaging• How Bambrew is building solutions for a circular economy⏱️ Chapters00:00 Introduction to Vaibhav Anand and Bambrew00:43 The importance of sustainable milk packaging in India04:26 Early influences and journey into ecopreneurship10:04 Vaibhav's entrepreneurial ventures before Bambrew14:03 Impact of COVID-19 on Bamboo's product development18:26 Development of home compostable mailers during pandemic22:14 Meet the co-founder Kunal and their collaboration24:03 Bambrew's core innovation: high barrier, compostable films27:47 Meta materials and material agnosticism explained30:14 Challenges in bringing sustainable packaging to scale33:48 Focus on staples packaging and other high-impact categories35:52 Overcoming market and mindset challenges39:48 Material innovations: biophil platform and bio-based materials44:11 Key materials: PBAT and downstream solutions51:08 Future applications and long-term vision01:01:45 Reflections on growth, aspirations, and impact01:06:20 What does good garbage mean? Building a community01:08:15 Closing thoughts and call for eco-entrepreneurs🎬 CreditsProducer: Tanishka GargVideo Editor: Sargam Krishna🌐 Follow & ListenVaibhav Anand: https://linkedin.com/in/vaibhav-anandBambrew: https://www.bambrew.in/Listen on Spotify & Apple PodcastsInstagram: @goodgarbagepodcastLinkedIn: Good Garbage Podcast💭 Let’s TalkIf you had to redesign packaging from scratch—Would you choose biodegradable materials, plastic alternatives, or an entirely new system? Why?