Butyrate — The Metabolic Powerhouse Fueling the Gut and Beyond

A new Intermountain Health study presented at the American Heart Association's 2025 Scientific Sessions found that adults with heart disease who optimized their vitamin D levels cut their risk of another heart attack by 52% Most participants began the trial with low vitamin D levels, showing that deficiency is common in people with cardiovascular disease and silently increases the risk of recurring heart problems More than half of the patients needed over 5,000 IU of vitamin D3 daily — six times the FDA's recommended intake — to reach protective blood levels between 40 and 80 ng/mL Vitamin D acts as a hormone that helps lower inflammation, maintain proper calcium balance, improve blood vessel function, and reduce oxidative stress — all key to preventing heart damage Regular testing, personalized dosing, sunlight exposure, and daily exercise are simple, measurable ways to restore vitamin D, strengthen your heart, and reduce your risk of another cardiac event

Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is an eating disorder where people severely restrict food due to fear, sensory sensitivities, or low interest — not body image concerns — causing significant health and social problems Unlike normal picky eating, ARFID involves intense distress, extremely narrow food choices, nutritional deficiencies, weight loss, and serious disruption to daily life and social activities Prevalence ranges from 0.35% to 6.4% depending on region, primarily affecting children and teens, with average diagnosis at age 11 and higher male representation than other disorders Treatment approaches include parental control strategies, cognitive behavioral therapy, family-based treatment, food therapy, and sequential oral sensory methods to gradually reduce food-related fear and anxiety A specialized protocol combining psychology, hypnosis, and neuro-linguistic programming shows 90% success for adults and 65% for children, often achieved in single session

Researchers have identified 168 everyday chemicals, including pesticides, flame retardants, and plastic additives, that are toxic to beneficial gut bacteria and may disrupt essential body functions Certain banned or restricted substances, like hexachlorophene and DDT, were also shown to damage gut microbes and promote inflammation and metabolic dysfunction Pesticides such as glyphosate, chlorpyrifos, and atrazine alter gut microbial balance and reduce protective species, allowing harmful bacteria to thrive and weakening your immune defenses Gut bacteria exposed to pesticides not only change how they grow but also how they process nutrients, interfere with detox pathways, and trigger inflammation in the gut, liver, and other organs Practical solutions like choosing organic produce, eating probiotic and prebiotic foods, filtering drinking water, and avoiding plastic containers can help protect and restore gut health

Flavanols are plant compounds in cocoa, berries, and tea with low bioavailability, meaning only a small portion enters the bloodstream A new animal study found that oral flavanol doses of 25 to 50 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) activated the subjects' brains within minutes Flavanols are a type of flavonoid within the polyphenol family. This hierarchy clarifies their differences and explains why foods have unique combinations that offer specific health benefits If you choose cocoa flavanol supplements, don't fall for flashy marketing; whenever possible, stick to a nutritious food-first approach Along with consuming flavanol-rich foods, pairing them with regular physical activity and a nutrient-dense, plant-focused diet helps support long-term brain health and cardiovascular resilience

Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced by gut bacteria that ferment dietary fiber, helps improve metabolic health by enhancing insulin function, regulating glucose levels and supporting healthy body composition Unlike most cells that use glucose, colonocytes (the epithelial cells that line your colon) prefer butyrate for energy, converting 70% to 80% through beta-oxidation to maintain gut barrier health Promoting butyrate production through fiber intake is beneficial, but only if your gut is healthy. If your gut is compromised, starting with dextrose water before transitioning to whole foods is recommended Lifestyle factors significantly impact butyrate production, with chronic stress, smoking, excessive drinking and antibiotic overuse reducing beneficial gut bacteria and SCFA production Excessive linoleic acid consumption, common in processed foods and vegetable oils, reduce beneficial gut bacteria, negatively affecting gut and metabolic health

People with long COVID experience persistent fatigue, breathlessness, and brain fog. Research links these effects to fibrin microclots intertwined with neutrophil extracellular traps that obstruct microvessels and impair oxygen delivery SARS-CoV-2 pushes blood into a hypercoagulable state, damaging endothelium, activating platelets, and inflammatory cytokines. This causes clot risk to persist for months, even after mild infections and hospital discharge Long COVID essentially boils down to mitochondrial dysfunction. Management includes proteolytic enzymes to help clear spike protein, while the I-RECOVER protocol guides detoxification, inflammation control, and mitochondrial repair to restore overall function Protecting cardiolipin, the mitochondrial membrane fat, requires limiting easily oxidized linoleic acid (LA) from seed oils, processed foods, nuts, seeds, and grain-fed meats Methylene blue may enhance mitochondrial respiration at low doses. Additionally, correcting copper deficiency and lowering excess iron through blood donation support energy production

A preliminary American Heart Association (AHA) study linked long-term melatonin use to increased heart failure risk, but a closer analysis shows serious flaws, including lack of peer review and failure to account for confounding variables The study found melatonin users had 90% higher heart failure rates, but data mixed together prescription-only countries with over-the-counter markets, misclassifying many actual users as non-users Moreover, the study failed to account for insomnia severity, psychiatric conditions, other medications, and dosing details, making it impossible to determine if melatonin caused the observed outcomes Decades of peer-reviewed research demonstrates melatonin's cardioprotective effects, including reducing blood pressure, protecting heart tissue, and mitigating oxidative damage, contradicting the study's alarming headlines While supplementation is unlikely to pose serious risks, there are natural ways to optimize your melatonin production, such as getting morning sunlight exposure, keeping a consistent sleep schedule, limiting evening blue light, eating earlier, and practicing stress-reduction techniques

A recent study reveals that bedroom ventilation plays an essential role in sleep quality. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels need to remain below 1,000 ppm, ideally under 800 ppm, for deeper, uninterrupted sleep Opening windows can help with airflow, but it's not always ideal due to outdoor pollutants, noise, or security risks. In such cases, a ventilation system is a safer and more reliable option Air purifiers filter indoor air but do not introduce fresh air. To maintain optimal air quality, pair filtration systems with proper ventilation rather than relying on one system alone Monitoring CO₂ levels in your bedroom helps ensure proper air exchange. Using a reliable CO₂ meter provides insight into ventilation efficiency and allows adjustments to improve sleep quality To further improve indoor air quality, regularly clean or replace air filters, minimize the use of synthetic air fresheners, scented candles, and harsh cleaning chemicals, opt for natural, nontoxic alternatives, and air out your home safely

Hot flashes occur when the hypothalamus becomes hypersensitive during menopause, triggering rapid blood vessel dilation and sweating. These vasomotor symptoms affect 80% of women and often persist for years A recent randomized clinical trial found that a six-week self-hypnosis program reduced menopausal hot flash frequency and severity by about 53%, with sustained improvements at 12 weeks About 90% of women using self-hypnosis reported noticeable relief, and those who practiced most consistently achieved the strongest reductions in hot flash frequency and daily interference The therapy was especially effective for breast cancer survivors, a group unable to use hormone-based treatments, producing a 64% reduction in symptom severity without adverse effects Beyond hypnosis, evidence also supports cognitive behavioral therapy to reduce how disruptive symptoms feel, relaxation practices to ease stress, and natural progesterone to help rebalance hormones during menopause

Diverticulitis, once considered a disease of aging, is now surging among adults under 50, with younger patients facing more severe and complicated cases than ever before Researchers from UCLA and Vanderbilt University found that early-onset diverticulitis hospitalizations rose sharply from 2005 to 2020, while procedures like abscess drainage more than doubled Younger adults have an 82% lower risk of death compared to older patients, but far higher odds of requiring invasive interventions — proof that the disease is becoming more disruptive, not less Processed foods, seed oils, chronic stress, and disrupted gut bacteria are key drivers of early inflammation in your colon, damaging your intestinal barrier and setting the stage for diverticulitis You can protect your gut by removing seed oils, eating easy-to-digest whole foods, rebuilding beneficial bacteria like Akkermansia, and supporting mitochondrial energy production to restore gut balance and long-term colon health