How can we deal with the security impacts of the climate crisis?

Time is running out to keep the climate goals set out in the Paris Agreement within reach. Wealthy countries have introduced new industrial and green trade policy measures, but there are concerns that some of these are having adverse effects – hitting countries that have contributed the least to the climate crisis the hardest.This episode examines the concept of the ‘green squeeze’ – the notion that climate-related trade policies are negatively impacting low-income countries, unfairly putting the burden of adjustment on them. We ask what the ‘green squeeze’ means, both at a broader policy level and on the ground for producers having to adapt to these new trade measures.What can be done to help exporting countries navigate such measures? Would the Villars Framework enable a more equitable way forward?At a time when geopolitical tensions are running high and countries are fighting for leadership on green technology, guests discuss what action is needed to drive fair and sustainable progress on green trade.GuestsSara Pantuliano, Chief Executive, ODIFaizel Ismail, Director of the Nelson Mandela School of Public Governance, University of Cape TownJan Yves Remy, Director of the Shridath Ramphal Centre for International Trade Law, Policy and Services (the SRC), University of the West IndiesJodie Keane, Senior Research Fellow, ODIRelated resourcesNew EU trade rules could put poor countries in a billion dollar ‘green squeeze’ (ODI blog)The ‘green squeeze’: an explainer (ODI paper)Navigating green trade measures: avoiding a “green squeeze” (ODI event video)Leading experts gather at ODI to reimagine global trade for a sustainable future (ODI statement)COP28 side event | Enabling a “green seize” of new trade opportunities for LDCs: learning from the Covid-19 response to address the climate emergency (ODI event video)Avoiding a “green squeeze” and advancing new trade opportunities for LDCs (ODI event video)Africa’s green trade opportunities: policy insights for aligning trade and climate action (ODI blog and event video)Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanisms: clarity needed on support for adjustment (ODI blog)Air Miles 2.0? How to ensure Africa is not penalised by net-zero policy spillovers (ODI blog)

The Declaration on Climate, Relief, Recovery and Peace was signed last year at COP28 in Dubai. This recognised the unique challenge of addressing the climate emergency in areas affected by conflict and fragility, and called for “bolder, collective action” to support them.But what does this look like in practice?Despite being among the most vulnerable to climate change, conflict-affected countries receive just a fraction of the climate finance that is allocated to more stable regions.As we build up to the UN Summit for the Future and COP29, this episode examines what can be done to address this critical conflict blind spot in climate action.Guests assess the security impacts of the climate crisis, and the urgent need to scale up funding and support where it is most needed to avoid deepening instability.GuestsSara Pantuliano (host), Chief Executive, ODIHanna Serwaa Tetteh, UN Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Horn of AfricaKatarina Kertysova, Climate Security Officer, NATORosita Najmi, Co-Founder, CIFAR and ODI Board MemberResourcesCOP28 Declaration on Climate, Relief, Recovery and PeaceClimate Innovations for Adaptation and Resilience (CIFAR) AllianceCall to Action: Responsible Digital Payments to Accelerate Climate Action (Better Than Cash Alliance)Bolstering Women’s Climate Resilience and Adaptation through Financial Services (CGAP)Climate Landscape Series (BFA Global)COP28 finally shines a spotlight on conflict-affected countries (ODI blog)Building Forward Better: a pathway to climate-resilient development in fragile and conflict-affected situations (ODI report)Climate adaptation in no-man's land: research bridging the conflict-climate gap (ODI report)What the case of Somalia can show us about financing climate action in conflict-affected countries (ODI blog)A New Agenda For Peace (UN brief)

The question of how multilateral development banks need to reform themselves so they are fit to face today's global challenges was again high on the agenda at the recent World Bank/IMF Spring Meetings in Washington, D.C.These debates and recommendations for reform can be technical and complex, but what do the people these financial institutions were set up to serve think about what changes are needed?This episode, which was recorded from the sidelines of the Spring Meetings in Washington, D.C., considers whether development finance is really reaching those who need it most. We ask how we can harness recent trends and technological advances so they work for – rather than against – the most vulnerable.GuestsSara Pantuliano (host), Chief Executive, ODILiesbet Steer, President and CEO of the Education Development Center & Chair of the ODI North America BoardAndrew Herscowitz, Executive Director, ODI North AmericaSheila Warren, CEO, Crypto Council for Innovation and ODI North America Board MemberRelated resourcesODI's Spring Meetings resources hubHow to better reach underserved borrowers (ODI event)Towards an MDB agenda for reform in FCV (ODI paper)Navigating fragility: the new multilateral agenda (ODI event)Matching finance to need (ODI event)Do we need a new Bretton Woods agreement for the post-Covid era? (Think Change podcast)Will early blooms bear fruit? Key takeaways from the 2024 World Bank Spring Meetings (ODI blog)MDB Insights: 2024 Spring Meetings previewed (ODI blog)

The crises of hunger in Sudan and Gaza are grave humanitarian emergencies with profound consequences for affected communities.A recent UN briefing to the Security Council stated that Sudan is set to face the “world’s worst hunger crisis”, while an international committee of experts issued a dire warning that famine is not only imminent in Northern Gaza, but a risk across the entire territory.While man-made famine continues to be used as a weapon of war for political gain, the prevailing response from international humanitarian agencies is to provide food aid. But is this really the solution? And how does it affect local humanitarian efforts?This episode dives into these questions and seeks to hold those responsible for these hunger crises to account.GuestsSara Pantuliano (host), Chief Executive, ODIAlex de Waal, Executive Director of the World Peace FoundationOmima Omer Jabal, Khartoum State ERR Jabal Awliya Program OfficeHamish Young, Senior Emergency Coordinator in Gaza, State of PalestineNuha Yousif, ERR Sennar state, Programme officeRelated resourcesSounding the alarm on Sudan’s hunger crisis (ODI event recap)Sudan conflict – how did we get here and what next? (Think Change podcast) From El-Fasher to Khartoum: The fallout from 20 years of conflict in Darfur (ODI event) Sudan’s humanitarian crisis slips further from sight (ODI event recap)Humanitarian hypocrisy, double standards and the law in Gaza (ODI blog)Will the ICJ ruling change anything for Gaza? (Think Change podcast)

Global public debt is at unprecedented levels. The UN has reported that nearly half of the world’s population lives in countries that spend more paying off debts to other countries than they spend on healthcare for their own people.While needs soar as countries try to address the impact of the poly-crisis and invest significantly to transform their economies and societies, economic growth is in sharp retreat in many nations in the Global South.The World Bank is calling for donor governments to step up. They have put ‘IDA replenishment’ top of the agenda at this month’s Spring Meetings in Washington, D.C.But why is the World Bank calling for this record replenishment? Join us as we explore the case for the IDA to become more effective and efficient at a time of soaring needs.GuestsSara Pantuliano (host), Chief Executive, ODIAnnalisa Prizzon, Principal Research Fellow, ODISeynabou Sakho, Director of Strategy and Operations for the World Bank Office of the Managing Director of OperationsGregory Chen, MD of Ultra-Poor Graduation Initiative, BRAC InternationalRelated resourcesODI on multilateral development banksODI Day at the 2024 Spring Meetings Bigger, but also better: why MDB reform must go further (ODI blog)One year on, the World Bank must focus on how to implement its Evolution Roadmap (ODI blog)Matching finance to need (Davos 2024 event video)Strengthening MDBs: the triple agenda (Annual Meetings 2023 event video)What do borrowing countries think of MDB reform? (Think Change podcast)

When it comes to development, creative and cultural practitioners are too often overlooked and underestimated as agents of change.  According to UNESCO, the creative and cultural sector is one of the most powerful engines of global development. It accounts for nearly 50 million jobs worldwide, representing 6.2% of all existing employment and 3.1% of global GDP.  On this episode, our guests discuss the immense potential of art, design and creativity to inspire social development and tackle global injustices. They unveil the ways in which creative projects are more than aesthetic pursuits – they are at the heart of change and testament to our shared humanity, fostering human connections and challenging the status quo. Join us as we explore the intersection of creativity and development, and ask why – and how – creative and policy communities must work more closely together to change the world. This episode was produced in partnership with LAGO. Guests Sara Pantuliano (host), Chief Executive, ODIFederica Fragapane, Information Designer and ODI Research Associate  Adama Sanneh,  CO-Founder and CEO, Moleskine Foundation  Marta Foresti, Visiting Senior Fellow, ODIRelated resourcesCreating our collective future: what the arts and design can do for developmentOn Freedom of Movement (wi de muv) trailer (youtube.com) Hearts and minds | How Europeans think and feel about immigrationKey workers: migrants’ contribution to the COVID-19 responseThe Beauty of Movement: arts and research for new migration narratives | ODI: Think change Data and design: making stories visible The ALIGN - Advancing Learning and Innovation on Gender Norms - Platform | Align Platform

Between 2008 and 2016, 21.5 million people a year were forcibly displaced from their homes by weather-related events, and the UNHCR predicts that globally, 1.2 billion people could be displaced by 2050 due to climate change.This represents a hugely impactful but often overlooked consequence of climate change – one we are ill equipped to deal with.With immigration expected to dominate the elections happening throughout 2024, today we are discussing how and why our changing climate is creating a new wave of migration and what this means for approaches to immigration policy and the rise of nativism.GuestsSara Pantuliano (host), Chief Executive, ODIGaia Vince, Environmental Journalist and Author of Nomad Century: How climate migration will reshape our worldMichai Robertson, Research Fellow, ODIClaire Kumar, Senior Research Fellow, ODI Europe

Femicide – the intentional killing of women and girls with a gender-related motivation – affects every society around the world.According to UN Women, nearly 89,000 women and girls were killed intentionally in 2022 – the highest number recorded in the past 20 years. And over half of all female homicides were committed by family members or intimate partners.This episode puts a spotlight on this global atrocity. Experts from Italy, Kenya and Mexico share insights on how femicide is impacting their countries. We examine its root causes, how women’s movements are countering it, and what further action is urgently needed to bring about truly lasting change.While comprehensive legislation is a critical starting point, we hear why challenging gender norms which make misogyny so deeply entrenched in society is fundamental if we are to curb femicide and see transformational change.SpeakersSara Pantuliano (host), Chief Executive, ODIDinah Musindarwezo, Co-CEO, Womankind WorldwideDiana Jiménez Thomas Rodriguez, Senior Research Officer, ODINicoletta Mandolini, Researcher, CECS, Universidade do Minho, PortugalRelated resourcesGender-related killings of women and girls (femicide/feminicide): Global estimates of female intimate partner/family-related homicides in 2022 (UN Women report)10 ways to transform gender norms (ALIGN booklet)Transforming gender norms for women’s economic rights and empowerment (ALIGN report)Is no space safe? Working to end gender-based violence in the public sphere (ALIGN briefing paper)Mobilising for change: how women’s social movements are transforming gender norms (ALIGN report)Think Change podcast: how can we counter the anti-feminist backlash? (ODI)From allyship to action: how men can step up to end violence against women (ODI event video/podcast)ODI in conversation with Emma Dabiri: can coalitions counter the anti-feminist backlash? (ODI event video/podcast)Women's organisations and feminist mobilisation: supporting the foundational drivers of gender equality (ODI briefing paper)

In November, South Africa approached the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to call for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza and to consider whether Israel is committing genocide.All eyes were on the Hague last month as the ICJ made its interim ruling, calling for Israel to "take all measures within its powers" to prevent civilian deaths in Gaza. But it stopped short of ordering a ceasefire.The court also ruled that aid must be allowed into Gaza. But since then, allegations from Israel that some employees of UNRWA – Gaza's biggest aid agency – were involved in the 7 October Hamas attacks has resulted in 16 donor countries suspending UNRWA funding.In this episode, legal, humanitarian and foreign policy experts take stock of these events and dissect what the ICJ ruling really means for Israel, Gaza and wider geopolitical relations.SpeakersSara Pantuliano (host), Chief Executive, ODIKate Mackintosh, Executive Director, UCLA Law Promise Institute EuropeRaz Segal, Associate Professor of Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Stockton UniversityRonak Gopaldas, Director, Signal RiskSorcha O’Callaghan, Director of Programme, Humanitarian Policy GroupRelated resourcesSouth Africa’s ICJ case has already altered its foreign policy space (Institute for Security Studies)Humanitarian hypocrisy, double standards and the law in Gaza (ODI insight)Gaza | The politics of narrative (ODI event)Israel/OPT crisis - what's needed to stop the bloodshed? (ODI podcast)Palestine and Israel - How can justice prevail? (ODI podcast)

Artificial intelligence (AI) dominated conversations at the recent World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos.The release of ChatGPT to the public in December 2022 put AI firmly in the spotlight. And today it is all around us, promising to transform how we live our lives. But there are plenty of concerns and warnings about how it could impact the world. Many have sounded the alarm, even the so-called “Godfather of AI” Geoffrey Hinton, who has been vocal about the dangers of the technology he helped to create.In this episode, experts reflect on the ethical implications of these technological advances. We ask how AI can become a force for social good which empowers people globally rather than entrenching inequalities. And with over half the world due to go to the polls in 2024, what impact will AI have on politics in this major election year and beyond?SpeakersSara Pantuliano (host), Chief Executive, ODIVilas Dhar, President, Patrick J. McGovern Foundation, and advocate of data and AI for goodGabriela Ramos, Assistant Director-General, Social and Human Sciences, UNESCOStephanie Diepeveen, Senior Research Fellow, ODIResourcesHas AI ushered in an existential crisis of trust in democracy? (ODI insight)International AI Governance must be truly global (ODI insight)