Episode 110 - Crusading capers

King Alfonso X returns from his badly timed attempt to become the Holy Roman Emperor, only to see his kingdom plunged into a succession crisis.

While King Alfonso X is absent from the Iberian peninsula, Muhammad of Grenada invades Castile - leaving the kingdom scrambling to defend itself. 

King Alfonso X introduces a number of unpopular policies inside his realm, causing a rebellion to break out.

As peace settles over the Iberian peninsula, some of the Christian kings decide to journey to the Holy Land on crusade. 

The Kingdom of Grenada launches a large scale uprising against Castilian rule in 1264.

An increasingly frustrated King Alfonso attempts to extend Castilian territory into Navarre, Gascony and northern Africa.

We welcome a new ruler to the kingdoms of Leon and Castile - King Alfonso X.  This very ambitious monarch commences his reign by attempting to become the next Holy Roman Emperor. 

Following the fall of Seville, many of its Muslim residents relocated to the Kingdom of Grenada.  We take a closer look at this Muslim territory.

Two milestone events in the Reconquista occur under the leadership of King Fernando III - the defeat of the cities of Jaen and Seville.

During the busy years of the 1240's King Sancho II of Portugal loses his battle with the church, while ibn al-Ahmar attempts to annex the city of Seville.