Andrej Karpathy on Code Agents, AutoResearch, and the Loopy Era of AI

What happens when AI agents can design experiments, collect data, and improve — without a human in the loop? Andrej Karpathy joins Sarah Guo on the state of models, the future of engineering and education, thinking about impact on jobs, and his project AutoResearch: where agents close the loop on a piece of AI research (experimentation, training, and optimization, autonomously). 00:00 Andrej Karpathy Introduction 02:55 What Capability Limits Remain? 06:15 What Mastery of Coding Agents Looks Like 11:16 Second Order Effects of Natural Language Coding 15:51 Why AutoResearch  22:45 Relevant Skills in the AI Era 28:25 Model Speciation 32:30 Building More Collaboration Surfaces for Humans and AI 37:28 Analysis of Jobs Market Data 48:25 Open vs. Closed Source Models 53:51 Autonomous Robotics 1:00:59 MicroGPT and Agentic Education 1:05:40 Conclusion

Notion isn’t designing AI agents that just use tools. Their agents can autonomously build their own integrations, as well as write the code needed to finish a task. Sarah Guo sits down with Notion Co-Founder Simon Last to explore Notion’s rapid evolution from a simple writing assistant to a sophisticated platform for custom AI agents. Simon discusses the technical hurdles of indexing disparate data from sources like Slack and Google Drive, as well as the internal shift toward using coding agents to build Notion itself. Plus, Simon elaborates on what he sees as a fundamental transition in productivity: moving from a tool where humans do the work, to one where humans manage a swarm of agents. Sign up for new podcasts every week. Email feedback to [email protected] Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil | @simonlast | @NotionHQ Chapters: 00:00 – Cold Open 00:05 – Simon Last Introduction 00:26 – Genesis of Notion AI 04:10 – Challenge of Semantic Indexing and Retrieval 07:16 – The Six-Month Rewrite Cycle 08:12 – Notion’s Coding Agent Era 09:44 – Impact on Team Dynamics 12:49 – Launching Custom Agents 15:39 – Notion as the ‘Switzerland’ for Models 17:33 – Designing APIs for Agent Customers 20:09 – Simon’s Personal Agentic Workflows 24:48 – Notion: Tool for Work is Now A Tool for Agents 27:28 – How Building Has Changed for Simon 29:00 – Conclusion

By the end of 2026, AI capital expenditure is projected to hit nearly $700 billion. The question isn’t who has the best model, but who has the most creative financing to build out AI infrastructure and beyond. Sarah Guo is joined by Neil Tiwari, Managing Director at Magnetar Capital, a financial innovator helping the AI industry scale from billions to trillions of dollars in CapEx. Neil explains some of the debt structures used to finance massive GPU clusters, who is taking the risk, and how the industry is maturing. Sarah and Neil also discuss how power distribution, energy storage, and physical materials like steel are the bottlenecks of the AI industry. Plus, Neil gives his take on the future of inference-optimized clouds, and why the market shift away from software and into infrastructure might be an overreaction. Sign up for new podcasts every week. Email feedback to [email protected] Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil  Chapters: 00:00 – Cold Open 00:05 – Neil Tiwari Introduction 00:26 – Magnetar’s Story 01:28 – Why CoreWeave Helped Magnetar Win 06:15 – Scaling CapEx Efficiently 09:02 – Debunking GPU Collateral Risk 11:42 – How Deal Structures Evolve 13:01 – What Bottlenecks Buildout 15:28 – Circular Financing Critiques 17:35 – The Shift from Training to Inference Workloads 23:10 – AI Factories 24:12 – Constraints of the Current Power Grid 28:27 – Sovereign Compute Buildouts 29:54 – Physical AI Capital Needs 32:48 – The Capital Rotation Away from SaaS 36:04 – Conclusion

In this episode of No Priors, Sarah and Elad dive into the evolving landscape of software, exploring how AI is transforming the traditional SaaS model. They discuss whether SaaS as we know it is coming to an end, what new business and sales strategies are emerging, and how AI is reshaping the way software is built, sold, and scaled. The conversation also examines whether or not these shifts are a good thing for both big and small companies, and how coders and software experts are reacting to abrupt AI transitions. They also dig into how AI is reshaping sales, automating workflows, and enabling more predictive customer strategies. Beyond individual companies, they examine how tech giants are increasingly dominating the S&P 500, and what this concentration of power means for the future of startups, innovation, and the broader entrepreneurial ecosystem. Sign up for new podcasts every week. Email feedback to [email protected] Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil |  Chapters: 00:00 – Cold Open 00:35 – The SaaS-polcalypse discussion  4:55 – AI Change Management in Large vs. Small Companies 05:43 – “Is Software Eating the World?”  08:38 – Addressing the Unsolved Problems  14:00 – The Noise of the Last Month vs. Excitement  21:32  – What Proportion of GDP is Tech?  23:20 – Market Cap Shifts 25:02 – As a Company, When Should You Sell?  29:05 – Multi-Product Bundle Defense  30:45 – Conclusion

Autonomous vehicle technology has moved past human-coded rules and into an era of neural networks and custom computer chips. And to solve the most difficult driving scenarios, electric vehicle company Rivian abandoned its original technology platform to build a vertically integrated data stack. Sarah Guo sits down with Rivian Founder and CEO RJ Scaringe to explore the seismic shift in the automotive industry toward AI-driven, software-defined vehicles . RJ discusses the move away from function or domain-based architecture for vehicle electronic systems to software-defined architecture, which allows for dynamic, monthly updates to features in Rivian’s vehicles. RJ also talks about the upcoming launch of Rivian’s R2 model, which aims to be a distinct, affordable, mass-market alternative to the Tesla Model Y. Plus, RJ shares his vision for a future where vehicles don’t just drive us, but inspire personal freedom and exploration. Sign up for new podcasts every week. Email feedback to [email protected] Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil | @RJScaringe | @Rivian  Chapters: 00:00 – Cold Open00:35 – RJ Scaringe Introduction0:58 – Rivian’s Autonomy Evolution05:19 – Why Rivian’s Tech is Vertically Integrated10:06 – Levels of Autonomous Driving Technologies14:00 – Importance of a Software-Defined Architecture19:28 – Differentiating Autonomous Vehicle Models23:20 – R2: The First Mass Market Autonomous Vehicle25:02 – Do Americans Want EVs?29:05 – How Our Relationship to Vehicles is Evolving30:45 – Conclusion

From “virtual doppelgängers” to “real-time dreaming,” online gaming platform Roblox is using AI technology to build the “Holodeck” envisioned in science fiction decades ago. Sarah Guo and Elad Gil sit down with Roblox CEO Dave Baszucki at Roblox headquarters to explore the intersection of AI, physics simulation, and the future of human connection. Dave discusses the evolution of the 4D creation tool in Roblox, a high-fidelity simulation that enables thousands of people to interact in real-time with photo-realistic graphics and acoustic physics. Dave reveals how Roblox is leveraging 13 billion hours of monthly user data to train native AI models that go beyond simple LLMs, enabling NPCs that can navigate and play games with human-like intuition. He also talks about how immersive communication will change video conferencing, how Roblox searches for unlikely talent outside of traditional elite universities, and how he balances rapid weekly iterations with keeping a “long view” on Roblox’s vision.  Sign up for new podcasts every week. Email feedback to [email protected] Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil | @DavidBaszucki | @Roblox  Chapters: 00:00 – Cold Open 00:36 – Dave Baszucki Introduction 01:16 – Realizing Robolox’s 20-Year Vision 05:29 – Using 4D Immersive Simulations in Virtual Interactions 08:22 – Physics Engine vs. Photorealism  11:50 – Storing Roblox History as Vector Data 14:00 – Training NPCs - Moving Beyond LLMs 18:05 – The Future of the Game Designer 19:54 – Video Latent World Models 23:53 – Social Simulation - AI Companions and Virtual Relationships 27:26 – Why Asset Costs Haven’t Changed the Gaming Industry 29:52 – AI Coding in Roblox Studio 31:36 – The Roblox Creator Economy 33:57 – Long-Term Conviction vs. Weekly Iteration 37:50 – Dave’s Hiring Philosophy for Roblox 43:44 – Conclusion

What if we could pause biological time to wait for a cure for a disease? Thanks to innovations and research in reversible cryopreservation, this possibility is no longer just science fiction. Sarah Guo sits down with Laura Deming, CEO and co-founder of biotech startup Until, to dive deep into the growing field of reversible cryopreservation. Laura talks about how her time as a Thiel Fellow as well as her founding of the Longevity Fund fueled her obsession with solving the “social blindspot” of aging. Laura details how her new startup, Until, seeks to build tools that allow for “pressing pause” on biological time, starting with human organs with the hopes of scaling up to full body medical hibernation. Together, they also discuss why ice is the enemy of tissue, using engineering tools to help solve biological problems, and how this technology may revolutionize organ transplantation by removing time as a variable.  Sign up for new podcasts every week. Email feedback to [email protected] Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil | @LauraDeming | @untillabs  Chapters: 00:00 – Cold Open 01:08 – Laura Deming Introduction 01:53 – Why Laura Focused on Cryo Preservation and Longevity 06:20 – Bringing on Co-Founder Hunter Davis 07:55 – Until’s Goal 10:10 – Other Use Cases for Cryo Technology 12:22 – Scientific Challenges in Cryo Tech 15:36 – Using Engineering Principles to Solve Biological Problems 20:18 – Scaling Up Cryo Preservation 21:48 – Leading and Recruiting at Until 25:02 – Why Hasn’t Cryo Tech Been Worked On More? 27:14 – Making Time Not a Variable in Organ Transplants  29:06 – Changing How the Molecular World is Depicted 30:47 – Conclusion

Why are there only a handful of companies in the world with over $10 billion in pure-play software revenue? CJ Desai believes the reason is that products are replaceable, but platforms are forever. For No Priors’ very first live from MongoDB.local SF, Sarah Guo is joined by CJ Desai, CEO and President of software developer MongoDB, to discuss the shifting landscape of enterprise software. CJ discusses whether AI will erode the value of software, and what truly constitutes a “moat” in the age of generative AI. CJ also talks about why AI adoption with Fortune 500-sized companies is still lagging, the importance of customer relationships, and why the “bear thesis” on SaaS may be overblown.  Sign up for new podcasts every week. Email feedback to [email protected] Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil | @cj_mongodb | @MongoDB Chapters: 00:00 – Cold Open 00:58 – CJ Desai Introduction 01:38 – The AI Stack and the Future of Software 04:18 – Why Platforms, Not Products, Are Sticky 09:59 – Vibe Coding and the Threat of On-Demand Apps 12:15 – Paths to Success for Software Vendor Incumbents 14:24 – How CJ Chose MongoDB 18:55 – Debunking the SaaS Bear Thesis 22:07 – Fortune 500 Perspectives on AI Value 24:24 – Can AI Native Startups Replace Systems of Record? 28:10 – The Importance of Customer Relationships 31:46 – Managing Through Massive Technology Transitions 36:37 – Conclusion

Today’s arms race looks a little different from those of the past. Under the Trump administration, the US Department of War (DoW) is deploying generative AI to millions of employees in order to maintain a strategic edge over our global adversaries. Sarah Guo and Elad Gil sit down with Emil Michael, the Under Secretary of War for Research and Engineering of the United States, to discuss the radical technological transformation of the US military. Emil outlines the architecture and launch of GenAI.mil, a DoW internal AI platform powered by Gemini and Grok that reached over one million unique users in its first 30 days. He also highlights critical technology priorities for national security, including hypersonics, direct energy, and autonomous drone swarms. Together, they also explore the urgent need to rebuild the American defense industrial base and end dependency on foreign supply chains for critical materials, as well as how Emil is recruiting the next generation of “fixer-builder” workers to serve their country in government.  Sign up for new podcasts every week. Email feedback to [email protected] Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil | @USWREMichael | @DoWCTO Chapters: 00:00 – Cold Open 00:00 – Emil Michael Introduction 00:58 – Emil’s Role at the Department of War 05:22 – Innovation Priorities for the DoW 08:27 – Shift Toward Autonomous Defense Technologies 10:41 – Identifying Common Needs Across the DoW 12:02 – Architecting GenAI.mil 13:48 – Applied AI Initiatives at the DoW 15:57 – The Future of Warfare 17:55 – Recruiting for DoW 19:33 – Arsenal of Freedom Tour 22:25 – Opportunities for Entrepreneurs at DoW 25:49 – Speeding Up and Scaling DoW Initiatives 28:37 – Innovation in Defense Tech 30:00 – Change Management in Government 32:09 – Rebuilding the Defense Industrial Base 37:27 – Initiatives and Opportunities at the Office of Strategic Capital 41:41 – Lessons from Emil’s Government Experience 44:30 – Conclusion

Even if ChatGPT never existed, the tech giant NVIDIA would still be winning. The end of Moore’s Law—says NVIDIA President, Founder, and CEO Jensen Huang—makes the shift to accelerated computing inevitable, regardless of any talk of an AI “bubble.” Sarah Guo and Elad Gil are joined by Jensen Huang for a wide-ranging discussion on the state of artificial intelligence as we begin 2026. Jensen reflects on the biggest surprises of 2025, including the rapid improvements in reasoning, as well as the profitability of inference tokens. He also talks about why AI will increase productivity without necessarily taking away jobs, and how physical AI and robotics can help to solve labor shortages. Finally, Jensen shares his 2026 outlook, including why he’s optimistic about US-China relations, why open source remains essential for keeping the US competitive, and which sectors are due for their “ChatGPT moment.”  Sign up for new podcasts every week. Email feedback to [email protected] Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil | @nvidia Chapters: 00:00 – Jensen Huang Introduction 00:17 – Biggest AI Surprises of 2025 04:12 – AI and Jobs: New Infrastructure and Demand for Skilled Labor 09:03 – Task vs. Purpose Framework in Labor 12:31 – Solving Labor Shortages with Robotics 15:14 – The Layer Cake of AI Technology 18:39 – The Importance of Open Source 21:52 – The Myth of “God AI” and Monolithic Models 23:54 – Addressing the “Doomer” Narrative and Regulation 29:25 – The Plummeting Cost of Compute and Tokenomics 35:09 – The Return to Research 37:49 – Future of Coding and Software Engineering 43:20 – The Industries Due For Their “ChatGPT” Moments 46:00 – The Evolution of Self-Driving Cars and Robotics 54:06 – Energy Demand and Growth for AI 58:49 – 2026 Outlook: US-China Relations and Geopolitics 1:04:43 – Is There An AI Bubble? 1:16:20 – Conclusion