Discovering Community Psychology

Since qualifying as a Clinical Psychologist over 30 years ago, Jan Bostock, Consultant Clinical Psychologist, has worked with adults in primary and secondary care mental health settings, and has used Community Psychology principles to inform her practice in the NHS. In the episode, we hear about the beginnings of Jan’s work with a Community Psychology remit in Nottingham Psychology Services led by Professor David Smail, and her move to the Northumberland Public Health Service from 2000 to 2010. Since then she has managed and developed psychological services in CNTW NHS Foundation Trust and recently retired as Associate Director for Community Services in Newcastle and Gateshead. She continues to apply Community Psychology ideas, to work with Lived Experience Practitioners and peer supporters, and to promote collective, fair and compassionate leadership in organisations, aiming to take account of people’s social and economic status, and experiences of justice and equity. In her current work, Jan reflects that the most overwhelming challenge is living in a society of structural inequality and injustice, where privileged economic interests are put before the value of many people’s lives and even their survival. That has been starkly illustrated in COVID, the motives of the government have been to promote opportunities for profit among businesses and people who are already wealthy, and to fail to support public services and the people who work and use those services. Jan can be found here Twitter: @JaybeBostock and is an active member within Community Psychology networks and Psychologists for Social Change.

This week we welcome Rachel McKail from MAC-UK and Katy Dawe and Shakira Henry from Art Against Knives (AAK). AAK are a London based organisation that intervene early to help young people to embed creative spaces in London’s most isolated communities, co-designed with young people, that build on their strengths and create opportunity. Rachel is a Clinical Psychologist, who is MAC-UKs lead for the Trusted Relationships project, which is in partnership with AAK. Rachel reflects that within Clinical Psychology we talk a lot about social inequality, prevention and co-production and wonders if sometimes as a profession we find it hard to say we don’t really know what we are doing with this work. Rachel says that to do community work as Clinical Psychologists, we need to work alongside the incredible people who’ve been doing this work for decades and who are already pushing for change. Rachel explains that Community Psychology is very important to her, and that the best part of her job is working with AAK, who she says inject so much energy, love and care into the work that they do. Rachel describes that at AAK, co-production is weaved into the fabric of everything they do and that she learns so much from working with them. Shakira has worked at AAK for five years, she has had various different roles with the charity and is currently a Programme Manager. Shakira describes AAK as a hardworking collective and a phenomenal charity who do what they say on the tin: keeping young people at the forefront of everything that they do. Shakira says that working alongside MAC-UK has enabled spaces for the team to learn, enhance their understanding and develop. Katy is the founder of the charity AAK, established in 2010 in response to the stabbing of her best friend Oliver Hemsley. Katy described that when listening to young people and their communities to understand what could be done, it became very clear that nobody was asking young people; just making decisions for them. So the charity was built on the value co-production. From the start, young people were put in the lead of the intervention, investing in their ideas and supporting them in driving their own solutions. Katy recently left the charity having run it for 10 years and the charity has welcomed a new CEO Dr Sally Zlotowitz who joined us on the Discovering Community podcast earlier this year. In this week’s episode Rachel, Katy and Shakira talk about their work together through the Trusted Relationships Programme. A 4-year partnership between AAK, MAC-UK, 0a Local Authority, to reduce the risk of criminal and sexual exploitation. Using AAK’s model of creative spaces to establish trusted relationships with young people, and utilising these to connect then with the systems around them at a pace, and in a space that works for them. Championing systems to do things differently, MAC-UK’s role is to support the embedding of psychologically informed environments, co-production and the MAC-UK INTEGRATE model. AAK and MAC-UK came together, when AAK decided to take a community-based approach in Barnet recognising the need there. AAK began spending time with young people, hanging out, painting their nails and getting to know a group of young women from one estate. Those young women told AAK that they wanted to open a nail shop and helped shape the values of AAK today. Art Against Knives: https://www.artagainstknives.com Twitter: @ArtAgainstKnive Instagram: artagainstknives dollisdollsnails nw9nails the_labaak  Creative spaces at AAK on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d08D34qOXK4  Listen in to the ‘One Mic Real Talk’ podcast:  https://shows.acast.com/one-mic-real-talk Find out more about MAC-UK: https://mac-uk.org Twitter: @macukcharity 

Today’s guests are Annie Mitchell & Rachel Purtell. Annie (@annieingarden) is a clinical + community psychologist who when working on the DClin at Exeter used her position to promote service user involvement in research, by engaging people in the shaping of knowledge. Rachel joined the project bringing a radical approach that combined her MA in Disability Studies, looking at the social model of disability, with her experience working in a service user led organisation, which called for accountability from commissioners. They speak about being radical and creating a culture change by promoting service user involvement in research. They give us 10 awesome tips for working effectively in partnership with others; and encourage us to think critically about power.  Resources ‘Help is where you find it’ https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1982-30316-001 A chapter about what can teachers of critical and community psychology learn from their learners: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315209319-6/teachers-critical-community-psychology-learn-learners-olivia-fakoussa-gemma-budge-mandeep-singh-kallu-annie-mitchell-rachel-purtell Knowing How: a guide to getting involved in research, for lay people https://www.invo.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/knowinghow2001.pdf Overview of involving people in research and why. Measuring something real and useful in consumer involvement in health and social care research - Purtell - 2011 - International Journal of Consumer Studies - Wiley Online Library An example of participatory research and democracy https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/casp.2393

Deanne is a senior lecturer at Nottingham Trent University, previously lecturing in community psychology at the University of East London. Deanne poetically describes her journey into community psychology, entering a doctoral programme that combined community, liberaton and ecopsychology. She remembers being blown away reading Frantz Fanon, a black philosopher and psychoanalyst from the global south. This opened her mind to the way that the social world effects people psychologically.  Deanne sees community psychology as a theoretical framework that allows us to bring psychological insight to decolonising the world, breaking the hierarchies produced through racism, classism, heteronormativity, ableism, ageism.  She shares her understanding of participatory action research as a democratic process of knowledge seeking, crucially about transformation. Deanne references the importance of Orlando Fals Borda’s work in the field of PAR.  Deanne talks about her work in Jamaica in 2010 where she collaborated on a platform for people affected by a human rights atrocity to be able to tell their story through a film and an art installation. Deanne is about to start a project called Transforming Inequalities at Nottingham Trent University where she hopes people will start to name and engage with decoloniality. She reflects on decolonising the curriculum, a movement that emerged in South Africa where students pushed back against classism and the need for decolonisation to be a democratic process. Deanne explains that liberation psychology is unapologetic about naming oppression as the experience of the majority world. Referencing Ignacio Martin Baro and his emphasis on prioritising the poor, she reflects on a middle class bias in psychology and the need to turn our energy to those who are oppressed. Deanne talks about collective trauma in the context of the covid-19 pandemic. She reflects on the idea of psychosocial accompaniment and Mary Watkins book on mutual accompaniment for those working in human services. Deanne thinks we’ve actually been living in an anxiety and depression pandemic for some time despite psychotropic and psychotherapeutic attempts to respond to this, highlighting a different approach needed. Deanne talks about the need to run towards coloniality and reduce pervasive bystanding. Deanne suggests those starting out in their exploration of these ideas “go south” and read the writings of those who first wrote about these ideas such as Paulo Friere, Orlando Fals Border and Maritza Montera. Deanne says the global south is a pivot point for community psychology and we should not start with diluted readings from the global north. She discusses the need to create spaces in organisations such as the NHS for meaningful dialogue remembering trust takes time. Deanne reflects on some critiques of community psychology in that it has lost contact with psychological worlds and the fact that many people need support to articulate their inner worlds. She closes discussing the idea that we cannot empower each other, that the task is rather reshaping the world to remove the blocks to peoples lives, structurally, systemically and in policies. Deanne’s PAR project work in Jamaica: https://www.tivolistories.com. See this link for a trailer https://www.tivolistories.com/four-days-in-may.html Mary Watkins book on psychosocial accompaniment: https://yalebooks.co.uk/display.asp?k=9780300236149

In this podcast the Discovering Community Psychology group are joined by Abdullah Mia, a Clinical Psychologist working to incorporate community psychology ideas into his work within a medium secure forensic setting. Abdullah speaks about using community psychology ideas within his work in the NHS, viewing the forensic settings he works in as a microcosm, a small community of their own. He recommends reading about first and second order (https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638702300404) change as it mixes with organisational development with what he understands to be community psychology principles. In this episode Abdullah shares his journey with community psychology ideas and reflects on his experience of applying these approaches in practice and the importance of working alongside others in order to challenge oppressive structures including the way that clinical psychology can reinforce power differentials by holding onto knowledge as if it is ours. He reflects on the need to remain connected to your values and ideas, but not necessarily your methods. Abdullah explains that within clinical psychology there is a need to speak the language of the people we work alongside in order to build connections. Recognising that your way of doing things may not be the best way, or the way which resonates most with the community you are working with, and being open to doing things differently Abdullah finishes by sharing some of the challenges of community psychology. One of which is the way in which it draws attention to oppressive practices, without considering the pain and suffering which can come with that. Abdullah speaks to the importance of making sure support systems are in place which allow those in positions of power to grieve for the loss of their sense of self, or their previous ways of working when we highlight how their practice may have contributed to violent trauma. Here are some links and references from Abdullah that we hope will let you explore more of the topics he was discussing: Stacey, R.(2001) What Can It Mean to say that the individual is social through and through. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0533316401344005 Bartunek, J.M. & Moch, M.K. (1987). First-Order, Second-Order, and Third-Order Change and Organization Development Interventions: A Cognitive Approach. https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638702300404 Neal, J. W. & Christens, B. D. (2014) Linking the Levels: Network and Relational Perspectives for Community Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-014-9654-2 Perkins, D.D. (1995) Speaking truth to power: Empowerment ideology as social intervention and policy. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02506991 Social network analysis https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0038038588022001007 Augusto Boal and Forum Theatre I really like as a way in which we can embody and act changes https://organizingforpower.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/games-theater-of-oppressed.pdf

Today we bring you a collective of Clinical Psychologists driven by community psychology values and brought together through this shared passion and desire for change: Dr Will Curvis a Clinical Psychologist who works part time on the DClinPsy at Lancaster University and part time in neuro-rehabilitation (Twitter: @WillCurvis); Dr Nick Hartley a Clinical Psychologist working in Newcastle (Twitter: @NickHartley); Dr Simon Stuart a Clinical Psychologist working in the NHS predominantly with people with experiences of complex trauma. He has also been involved in digital service development (Twitter: @soothron); Dr Masuma Rahim a Clinical Psychologist working in an inpatient neuro-rehabilitation setting. She is also the Director of Equity, Diversity and Inclusivity at the Association of Clinical Psychologists (ACP) in the UK (Twitter: @MasumaRahim); Dr Aayesha Mulla is a Clinical Psychologist working in the NHS in Paediatrics (Twitter: @she_who). They all share their experiences of NHS and Community Psychology work, innovation and their collaborative creations. They tell us the individual stories that brought them to this work, recognising the role that Psychologists play in parity of access to services and people accessing help at the right time. Connecting originally through Twitter, with a shared experience of not feeling there was a workable space to explore the crossover between social, community and clinical aspects of work, they felt driven to think about alternative ways of working. Recognising this need and beginning to share ideas, they came together with other Psychologists from across the UK and harnessing their energy collectively.. ‘Beyond the Therapy Room’ was born!  Alongside other Psychologists Dr Abdullah Mia and Dr Ste Weatherhead, the group developed the first Beyond the Therapy Conference. The ethos of the first conference was how Clinical Psychologists could work towards society being more inclusive and looking beyond more traditional models of services. They also share their experiences of how the conference grew into the Psychology Fringe Festival which aims to bring Clinical Psychology together with the community, to inspire and explore something new through performances and events with local artists and performers. The group reflect on what they’ve learnt through Beyond the Therapy Room and the Psychology Fringe Festival, moments that have stayed with them and how the experience has changed them and their practice. Some useful links to check out: The BTTR & Psychology Fringe Website: https://www.psychologyfringe.com/beyond-the-therapy-room Some Beyond the therapy room videos: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxegpZRlKVIuK9cykfpmwQw/videos An article talking about The Fringe: https://www.bps.org.uk/blogs/stephen-weatherhead/psychology-fringe

A conversation with Carl Walker, a community psychologist who developed the Community Psychology MA at University of Brighton. He is on the BPS Community Psychology Committee, and he is also an active researcher exploring community activism, debt, social inequalities and mental health. Carl talks about his journey to Community Psychology and his dissatisfaction with how we conceptualise distress by focusing on symptoms, rather than broader social inequalities. Carl discovered a new way of working when Prof Katherine Johnson asked him to develop a community psychology module. Carl speaks about what Community Psychology means to him. Firstly, as a mechanism for psychologists to become political in order to engage in social change. And secondly it means not just paying lip service to the idea that others have different forms of expertise, you need to really live it and believe it. This approach is evident in all his work and activism. Carl speaks with us about his work to share these ideas further; Carl, Sally Zlotowitz & Anna Zoli have edited a book offering examples and ideas of how to incorporate Community Psychology ideas into practice. He highlights the value of projects that make small steps towards change and encourages other to keep ‘chipping away’.

A conversation with Dr Maria Qureshi, a Clinical and Community Psychologist in West London and Senior Lecturer at the University of East London and visiting lecturer at the University of Hertfordshire. In this episode, Maria speaks about her use of community psychology approaches both within and outside of the NHS and shares some valuable reflections about the meaning of this work to her, as well as the barriers and facilitators of these approaches. Maria explains how she has used community psychology approaches within her local and the wider Muslim community to support people’s wellbeing, coproducing a poster with women from the community as part of the earlier small scale mosque project on wellbeing. She also challenges the notion that psychology is a Western ideal, and increased its accessibility and take up of the support from these groups. Maria also reflects on her own journey and how discovering community psychology gave a name for the ways she had been working, enabling her to reconnect with her values. Maria also talks about bringing community psychology ideas into an NHS Learning Disability team. She speaks about working alongside a charity using an approach known as Photo Voice, to enable people with learning disabilities to be seen as humans with unique likes, dislikes and strengths, like anyone else. Link to project: http://aldatoxleas.blogspot.com/2019/02/engaging-community-through-photography_5.html?m=1 and link to photovoice projects: https://photovoice.org/ Maria also reflects on the importance of building relationships and offering clarity to your hopes as a foundation for this type of work. The importance of finding allies in this work, that community psychology approaches can take time, perseverance and resilience to pushbacks of the system structures are all touched on in this episode. Maria reminds us of the importance of balancing reflection with action, not forgetting that collaboration is key. Acknowledging the connections she has made, Maria recognises Angela Byrne, Romena Toki, Azimoth Shirin Mustafa, Neelam Ahmed, Lizette Notle and the BPS Community Psychology section, the Community Psychology festival and twitter as great places to find other like-minded individuals. Maria also recognises Kat Alcock for giving her her first introduction to community psychology during training. Finally, Maria reflects on her hopes for community psychology approaches, explaining how the current NHS long term plan (https://www.longtermplan.nhs.uk/) could enable more community focussed ways of working. Maria finishes by talking about how psychology can look to the strength communities, particularly as we’ve seen during the Covid-19 pandemic, to move towards more empowering and sustainable ways of working.

A conversation with Bea Herbert, founder of States of Mind (https://www.statesofmind.org/), a social enterprise working in the schools and colleges across the Newham area of London. Bea shares stories and reflections of her work at States of Mind, the journey that brought her to this point, and her understanding community psychology ideas, values and practice and the importance of this work. Some relevant links and resources below: Here is a blog written by one of the young people Bea has worked with over the last couple years. The blog explores her insights around how the education system is having an impact on young people’s development and sense of self. https://www.statesofmind.org/journal/2020/10/21/education-system-and-identity.html This is a blog about State of Minds new Participatory Action Research project, where students will be designing a new evaluation framework for education.  https://www.statesofmind.org/journal/2020/11/18/education-inspection-students.html This is a blog that Bea recently wrote reflecting on the need to make therapeutic practice available for young people in their everyday lives: https://www.statesofmind.org/journal/2021/01/10/empoweringchangefromwithin.html Talk for Health is a social enterprise doing some amazing work with communities: https://talkforhealth.co.uk

A conversation with Nina Browne, a clinical and community psychologist who co-founded Owls (https://www.owls.org.uk), a social enterprise that works with communities to develop new solutions to social issues. She also brings these ideas into the NHS with excluded young people in the criminal justice system.  She has also researched clinical psychology's role in influencing policy and is passionate about implementing these ideas within clinical psychology to bring about change in practice and training. Some links and references from Nina to allow you to dig deeper into the topics she discussed:  Richard Bentall (2003). Madness explained: Psychosis and human nature. UK. Chris Barker - I wish I had mentioned him as he's one of the people who has inspired and supported my ideas and work in this field. He was a founding member of Comm Psych in the UK and pioneered ideas on peer support and non-professional helping. Sue Holland is an inspiration: http://communitypsychologyuk.ning.com/events/sue-holland-free-talk-community-psychology-and-social-action#:~:text=Sue%20Holland%20carried%20out%20seminal,and%20eventually%20collective%20social%20action. Seminal paper: From private symptoms to public action https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0959353591011007 Society for Community Research and Action - for a global perspective: https://www.scra27.org/what-we-do/what-community-psychology/ PSC (outsider approaches to policy change) http://www.psychchange.org Practice to Policy is the paper that the foundations of this are built on and include a guide for DClinPsy courses: Browne, N., Zlotowitz, S., Alcock, K., & Barker, C. (2020). Practice to policy: Clinical psychologists’ experiences of macrolevel work. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice.  https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2020-10238-001 Here is me trying to explain the same ideas with Jazz!  https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-32/june-2019/dont-fear-jazz Problem Solving Booths:  https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40657446 https://communitypsychologyuk.ning.com/video/problem-solving-booths Camerados is a social movement who I worked with - they are on twitter and an example of a collaboration https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-2018/february/creating-space-mutual-support Surviving Clinical Psychology: Navigating Personal, Professional and Political Selves on the Journey to Qualification, Ch 7 is about bringing social justice values into practice.