s.4.4-Instruments of abuse: weaponizing music in human rights violations

The first episode of Sounds of Justice teases out the different dimensions of the relationship between music and human rights. The four guests, all co-editors of the Routledge Companion, explore what the language of music and the values of human rights have in common; and how music’s capacity to connect us to our common humanity while attuning us to difference can power ongoing struggles for justice.About the hostIgnacio Saiz is a human rights advocate and independent advisor to international organizations. He previously led the Center for Economic and Social Rights and held senior positions at Amnesty International. A lifelong passion for music has led him to explore how its power can be harnessed to advance human rights, including as creator and host of Sounds of Justice.* Julian Fiferis former Executive Director of Musicians for Human Rights. As cellist and founder of the Orpheus Chamber Orchestra, he conceived a method of orchestral music-making using democratic principles and collective leadership. The artistic outcomes have been documented by Deutsche Grammophon on 55 Orpheus recordings.* Angela Impeyis Emerita Professor of Ethnomusicology at SOAS, University of London and co-editor of the Routledge SOAS Studies in Music series. She has published widely on music and social justice in Africa, including the award-winning Song Walking: Women, Music, and Environmental Justice in an African Borderland.* Manfred Nowakis Professor of International Human Rights Law at the University of Vienna and Secretary General of the Global Campus of Human Rights, a network of some 100 universities in all world regions, based in Venice.* George Ulrichis Academic Director of the Global Campus of Human Rights (Venice, Italy). His research interests relate to the philosophy of human rights, global justice, and human rights and development cooperation.

This episode of the fourth series in the Global Campus “To the Righthouse” podcast programme explores how music has been used as an instrument of human rights abuse in different contexts, from torture and ill-treatment in US detention centers in Guantánamo to forced assimilation of Uyghurs in the Xinjiang Region in China. It also reveals how music can restore humanity and identity in the face of brutality and erasure.* Mansoor Adayfi-441is a Yemeni writer, activist, and former Guantánamo Bay detainee, imprisoned for nearly 15 years without charge. Since his release, he has become a committed advocate for human rights, highlighting the experiences of former detainees and the global consequences of the War on Terror. He is the author of Don’t Forget Us Here and the recently released Letter from Guantánamo. As the Guantánamo Project Coordinator at CAGE International, Mansoor co founded the Guantánamo Survivors Fund (GSF). * Rachel Harrisis Professor of Ethnomusicology at SOAS, University of London. She has published extensively on music and religious practice in Central Asia, and the politics of ethnicity and heritage in China. Her latest book is Soundscapes of Uyghur Islam (Indiana University Press). Her current project, “Maqām Beyond Nation” (2023-2028) explores maqām-based music-making across Asia, connecting histories of mobility and exchange with contemporary flows of people and culture.* Manfred Nowakis Professor of International Human Rights Law at the University of Vienna and Secretary General of the Global Campus of Human Rights. Among many expert functions, he was UN Special Rapporteur on Torture (2004-2010). 

This episode of Sounds of Justice highlights two contexts where music has long voiced struggles for justice and human rights.From‘rebellious music gatherings’ spearheading the anti-caste movement in India to Palestinian songs of loss and resilience amid the rubble in Gaza, sonic strategies of resistance are helping to reclaim dignity, foster solidarity and spur accountability.* Rasika Ajotikaris an ethnomusicologist and singer based in Germany. Her research on anti-caste musical spheres in modern western India examines how music and sound operate as tools of emancipatory politics, underscoring musical labour,resistance, and state repression in the Indian caste society. As a singer, she continues collaborations with anti-caste artists and is also developing projects exploring improvisation, form, and the politics of sound. * Christina Hazbounis a writer, artist-researcher and practitioner in the spheres of text, sound, radio and music. Her chapter “Sonic Strategies in The Palestinian Struggle” appears in “BODIES OF SOUND: Becoming a Feminist Ear”. Her publications are scattered in the digital sphere, including Transcript Verlag, Bloomsbury (forthcoming) and she is regularly radio-active on Stegi Radio. She is the UK project manager of Keychange under PRS Foundation, a global movement aiming to increase gender diversity within the music industry. 

This episode of Sounds of Justice, the fourth series in the Global Campus “To the Righthouse” podcast programme, explores how listening to the sounds of the more-than-human world – from forests to fungi, from whales to waterways – can help us reimagine our relationship to the earth we inhabit. It looks at the role of music in Indigenous and Afro-descendant understandings of ecology and struggles for environmental justice, including in Latin America and Haiti.* Rebecca Dirksenis Laura Boulton Associate Professor of Ethnomusicology at Indiana University and co-founder and current director of the Diverse Environmentalisms Research Team (DERT). Working in and around Haiti, Dirksen’s research priorities encompass sacred ecologies, environmental justice, and politically engaged music. She is the author of After the Dance, the Drums Are Heavy: Carnival, Politics, and Musical Engagement in Haiti (2020) and co-editor of Performing Environmentalisms: Expressive Culture and Ecological Change (2021). * César Rodríguez-Garavitois Professor of Law and Chair of the Center for Human Rights and Global Justice at NYU School of Law. He is the founding director of the Earth Rights Research & Action (TERRA) Clinic, the More-Than-Human Rights (MOTH) Program and the Climate Law Accelerator. An Earth rights and human rights scholar and a field lawyer, he focuses on climate change, international environmental law, Indigenous peoples’ rights and more-than-human rights. 

Music has been central to how people of African descent – in the United States and across the diaspora – have imagined and demanded justice . From Paul Robeson and Nina Simone to the present, this episode of Sounds of Justice listens in on iconic anthems that have carried, shaped and mobilized movements for Black lives.* Shana L. Redmondis a multimodal writer-creator and scholar. She is the author of Anthem: Social Movements and the Sound of Solidarity in the African Diaspora (NYU Press, 2014) and the award-winning Everything Man: The Form and Function of Paul Robeson (Duke UP, 2020). A Guggenheim Fellow and Grammy nominee, she is professor of English and Comparative Literature and Director of the Center for the Study of Ethnicity & Race at Columbia University in the City of New York.

Politics and human rights or politics through human rights? We conclude this series with a conversation with Anja Mihr* focusing on the difference between ‘politics and human rights’ on the one hand and ‘politics through human rights’ on the other. Join us as she discusses with Graham Finlay the following questions: How can we safeguard democracy, freedom and human rights from threats? What role can re-imagined politics play in young democracies? What leverage, if any, can new ideas of politics have in authoritarian states?  *Anja Mihr is a political scientist, academic supervisor of the Master of Arts and Human Rights and Sustainability in Central Asia, and founder and Programme Director of the Centre on Governance through human rights at the Berlin Governance Platform.

On the relevance of meaningful participation of stakeholders in politics One way to reimagine politics is to go through re-imagining the actual involvement of different actors. We talked about this with Gauri Van Gulik* who shared her insights with George Ulrich. Here are some of the questions you can expect to hear in the episode: How can we create spaces and resources in our communities for meaningful participation in politics? How can change makers define the political agenda and reshape the political space in a more humane, inclusive way? How to overcome polarisation in politics? How to re-engage youth in politics? * Gauri Van Gulik is the co-Founder and Chair of Multitudes Foundation and has been human rights researcher and advocate in organisations such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch. Gauri is also an alumna of the European Master's Degree in Human Rights and Democratisation, from which she graduated in 2006.

About the interplay between geopolitics and human rights Current geopolitical tensions play a very relevant role in politics, but what is the role of human rights there? To answer some of the questions surrounding this highly debated issue, we invited Karim Bitar* and covered some additional points: What role do or should human rights play in current geopolitical tensions? How can political change movements in the Global South address the inefficacy of international organizations and global governance mechanisms? Is there any space for inclusivity, cultural sensitivity, and awareness of power dynamics into conflict resolution strategies?  *Karim Emile Bitar is Associate Professor of International Relations at Lebanon's Université Saint-Joseph (USJ) and Associate Fellow at the Geneva Center for Security Policy (GCSP). He was Director of the GC Arab Master in Democracy and Human Rights from 2018 to 2023. 

How can National Human Rights Institutions (NHRI) impact on politics? We continue the series with a conversation about spheres of influence in politics. We do this together with Debbie Kohner* who talks about NHRI and their monitoring role in enabling rights-based politics. Some of the questions we asked: How can human rights monitoring influence new ways of thinking and doing politics? Are NHRIs inevitably politicised? How can NHRIs help reverse practices that negatively affect the space and activities of civil society organisations and human rights defenders?  * Debbie Kohner has been Secretary General of the European Network of National Human Rights Institutions since 2013.

The importance of making room for rights-based politics In this episode, recorded during the FRA FORUM in Vienna, we focus on practicing human rights-based politics in institutional structures and spaces. Morten Kjaerum* brings in his professional and personal perspective to respond to the following questions: what space is there for human rights in politics? Are there new or regenerated ideas that can drive more rights-based politics?  *Morten Kjaerum was Director of the Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law (RWI) in Sweden from 2015 to 2024. Before joining RWI, he was the Director of the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights in Vienna from 2008 to 2015.