Dependent Types: Runtime assertions at compile time...whaaa? (S04E08)

LLMs for software development can go way beyond Github Copilot. In this episode, we talk about how these models could change the workflow for existing developers, but more importantly how they could change the very idea of what software is.Links/Resources:https://simonwillison.net/2023/Mar/11/llama/https://github.com/RootbeerComputer/backend-GPThttps://lukebechtel.com/blog/gpt4-generating-code===== About “The Technium” =====The Technium is a weekly podcast discussing the edge of technology and what we can build with it. Each week, Sri and Wil introduce a big idea in the future of computing and extrapolate the effect it will have on the world. Follow us for new videos every week on web3, cryptocurrency, programming languages, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and more!===== Socials =====WEBSITE: https://technium.transistor.fm/SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545

Dependent types are a more expressive type system in programming languages used to catch a larger class of errors at compile time. What are would be typically assertions at runtime can now be caught at compile time.Show notes:Proposition as TypesParse, Don’t Validation“Scala vs Idris: Dependent types, now and in the future”Resources:http://www.e-pig.org/downloads/ydtm.pdfhttps://gist.github.com/Hirrolot/27e6b02a051df333811a23b97c375196Proof Theory Impressionism: Blurring the Curry-Howard LineType Systems - The Good, Bad and UglyDependent types for practical useIdris: Practical Dependent Types with Practical ExamplesMaking Illegal States unrepresentableCan types replace validationhttps://www.cs.ox.ac.uk/ralf.hinze/WG2.8/26/slides/xavier.pdf

Activity Pub is a decentralized social networking protocol. It allows different web applications to interact so that their users can share information, even if the websites or applications are running different software. 00:00 S04E07 Activitypub02:13 What is Activity Pub?15:02 Interoperability33:00 A New Kind of Social43:53 Providing Distribution53:03 The Use Cases01:07:41 Ideology01:14:25 The Wild West01:24:07 Deconstructed Content01:34:52 Taking a Position===== About “The Technium” =====The Technium is a weekly podcast discussing the edge of technology and what we can build with it. Each week, Sri and Wil introduce a big idea in the future of computing and extrapolate the effect it will have on the world. Follow us for new videos every week on web3, cryptocurrency, programming languages, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and more!===== Socials =====WEBSITE: https://technium.transistor.fm/SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545Links/Resources:https://tinysubversions.com/notes/reading-activitypub/https://flak.tedunangst.com/post/ActivityPub-as-it-has-been-understoodhttps://web.archive.org/web/20201124231343/https://cjslep.com/c/blog/an-activitypub-philosophyhttps://overengineer.dev/blog/2018/02/01/activitypub-one-protocol-to-rule-them-all.htmlhttps://overengineer.dev/blog/2019/01/13/activitypub-final-thoughts-one-year-later.htmlhttps://www.jeremydormitzer.com/blog/what-is-activitypub.htmlhttps://tinysubversions.com/notes/decentralized-social-networks/https://kyefox.com/post/707900440336039936/activitypub-could-be-the-futurehttps://ariadne.space/2019/01/07/activitypub-the-worse-is-better-approach-to-federated-social-networking/https://activitypub.rocks/https://overengineer.dev/blog/2019/01/13/activitypub-final-thoughts-one-year-later.htmlhttps://socialhub.activitypub.rocks/t/introduction-to-activitypub/508https://github.com/joyeusenoelle/GuideToMastodonhttps://victoria.dev/blog/why-pixelfed-wont-save-us-from-instagram/https://web.archive.org/web/20190713233100/https://blog.dereferenced.org/federation-what-flows-where-and-whyhttps://web.archive.org/web/20190108060531/https://blog.dereferenced.org/activitypub-the-worse-is-better-approach-to-federated-social-networkinghttps://www.eugenewei.com/blog/2021/9/29/and-you-will-know-us-by-the-company-we-keephttps://twitter.com/AIMindFlow

APL is an array based programming language developed by Kenneth Iverson in the 1960s. Its central data type is the multi-dimensional array and hence it's very useful for workloads involving a lot of matrix math. APL predominantly uses symbols and it leverages consistent composability and execution rules to enable it as a notation as a tool for thought. Links/Resources:* https://mathspp.com/blog/why-apl-is-a-language-worth-knowing* https://www.quora.com/What-made-APL-programming-so-revolutionary?share=1* https://tryapl.org/* A Personal View of APL* Notation as a Tool for Thought* Heaviside Operator Calculus* Conway’s Game of Life in APL* Maxwell’s Equations: From 20 to 4* Alan Kay’s answer to “What made APL so revolutionary?”* Testimonies    * https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27463149    * https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27464005    * https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27465512* https://github.com/razetime/ngn-k-tutorial/blob/main/01-intro.md00 - Objectives and Prerequisites | "Learn APL with Neural Networks"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3315454.3329960Chapters:[00:00:00] Intros[00:03:36] What is APL?[00:05:42] Yes, it uses weird symbols[00:06:51] A language should change your thinking[00:13:08] Notation as a tool of thought[00:20:33] Connections to functional programming[00:28:23] What it feels like to program in APL[00:33:10] APL and IBM = big bucks[00:35:20] The echos of APL in modern data science tools[00:43:52] APL for big data pipelines[00:48:56] APL for Machine learning[00:54:59] APL for JSON manipulation[01:03:18] APL as a spreadsheet language[01:16:11] Superhuman programming: APL and LLMs[01:26:59] Making APL more explainable[01:38:18] Outro===== About “The Technium” =====The Technium is a weekly podcast discussing the edge of technology and what we can build with it. Each week, Sri and Wil introduce a big idea in the future of computing and extrapolate the effect it will have on the world.Follow us for new videos every week on web3, cryptocurrency, programming languages, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and more!===== Socials =====WEBSITE: https://technium.transistor.fm/SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545

io_uring is a new asynchronous, API to enable fast and efficient system calls in the Linux kernel.  It promises faster user-land programs that heavily use file system IO on Linux, for all applications, not just databases.  00:00 S04 E05 io_uring02:55 What is io_uring?05:59 What's wrong with existing async interfaces?17:25 Copying is slow19:05 Two ring buffers28:07 What would the effect for the end user be?34:50 Different operating modes37:27 C10K for Filesystem IO43:04 Speed is simplicity47:07 Deconstructed  databases01:02:12 Effect systems01:06:26 System functionality in programming language01:10:55 OS as Actor Model01:16:08 The Kernel is Userland===== About “The Technium” =====The Technium is a weekly podcast discussing the edge of technology and what we can build with it. Each week, Sri and Wil introduce a big idea in the future of computing and extrapolate the effect it will have on the world. Follow us for new videos every week on web3, cryptocurrency, programming languages, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and more!===== Socials =====WEBSITE: [https://technium.transistor.fm/](https://technium.transistor.fm/)SPOTIFY: [https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7](https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7)APPLE PODCASTS: [https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545](https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545)

Xanadu was the first hypertext project founded in 1960 by Ted Nelson. It aims to facilitate a type of media called hypermedia, which is non-sequential writing in which the reader can choose their own path through an electronic document.Links/Resources:http://www.rheingold.com/texts/tft/14.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Xanaduhttps://mimix.io/en/blog/xanaduhttps://sentido-labs.com/en/library/201904240732/Xanadu%20Hypertext%20Documents.htmlhttps://www.notion.so/blog/ted-nelsonhttps://www.wired.com/1995/06/xanadu/https://xanadu.com.au/ararathttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-_-5cGEU9S0https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hMKy52Intachttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gPM3GqjMR4https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGKbRcvIZT8https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qyzgoeeloJAhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_xYwgJW7T8ohttps://jasoncrawford.org/the-lessons-of-xanaduhttps://blockprotocol.org/https://github.com/subconsciousnetwork/noosphere/blob/main/design/explainer.mdhttps://maggieappleton.com/xanadu-patternshttps://aaronzlewis.com/blog/2019/05/01/spreading-threading/https://www.zombo.com/https://stratechery.com/concept/aggregation-theory/https://maggieappleton.com/tools-for-thoughthttps://cdixon.org/2015/01/31/come-for-the-tool-stay-for-the-networkChapters:[00:00:00] Intros[00:03:22] What is Xanadu?[00:15:49] Transclusion and Bidirectionality[00:26:32] Versioning[00:29:47] Vision divorced from implementation[00:35:13] Baked in Payments[00:46:15] Hypermedia as Envisioned[00:56:20] Tiktok as Hypermedia[01:01:52] Alternative business model for the web[01:16:19] Failure to Launch[01:26:15] Linearization as a forge[01:31:51] Success of Xanadu's Vision[01:37:04] Passing the torch===== About “The Technium” =====The Technium is a weekly podcast discussing the edge of technology and what we can build with it. Each week, Sri and Wil introduce a big idea in the future of computing and extrapolate the effect it will have on the world.Follow us for new videos every week on web3, cryptocurrency, programming languages, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and more!===== Socials =====WEBSITE: https://technium.transistor.fm/SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545

ChatGPT is a language model by OpenAI which interacts in a conversational way. The dialogue format makes it possible for ChatGPT to answer followup questions, admit its mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests.00:00 S04E03 ChatGPT Part 2 02:30 Expanding Humanity's Limits 11:33 Tool-assisted speedrun of Science 16:18 As a Civic Moderator 24:32 Social Upheaval 28:40 Platform Risk 49:51 Billion Dollar Solo Founder 58:35 Running out of Data 01:03:22 In other industries 01:24:52 Limitations 01:31:50 Build something that gets better as AI gets betterLinks:https://chat.openai.com/https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/vJFdjigzmcXMhNTsx/simulator#Simulatorshttp://www.incompleteideas.net/IncIdeas/BitterLesson.htmlhttps://xyproblem.info/https://yaofu.notion.site/How-does-GPT-Obtain-its-Ability-Tracing-Emergent-Abilities-of-Language-Models-to-their-Sources-b9a57ac0fcf74f30a1ab9e3e36fa1dc1===== About “The Technium” ===== The Technium is a weekly podcast discussing the edge of technology and what we can build with it. Each week, Sri and Wil introduce a big idea in the future of computing and extrapolate the effect it will have on the world. Follow us for new videos every week on web3, cryptocurrency, programming languages, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and more!===== Socials ===== WEBSITE:https://technium.transistor.fm/SPOTIFY:https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7APPLE PODCASTS:https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545

ChatGPT is a language model by OpenAI which interacts in a conversational way. The dialogue format makes it possible for ChatGPT to answer followup questions, admit its mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests.00:00 S04E03 ChatGPT Part 102:58 What is ChatGPT? 06:17 Lineage of ChatGPT 10:01 General Reasoning from Training on Code25:13 Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback29:37 Dumb compute, stacked high42:00 Talking to an Alien Intelligence45:14 What's it good at and bad at?56:05 The XY problem01:03:36 GPT in Education01:13:26 Eating High Status Jobs, Fulfilling Latent DemandLinks:- https://chat.openai.com/- https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/vJFdjigzmcXMhNTsx/simulator#Simulators- http://www.incompleteideas.net/IncIdeas/BitterLesson.html- https://xyproblem.info/===== About “The Technium” =====The Technium is a weekly podcast discussing the edge of technology and what we can build with it. Each week, Sri and Wil introduce a big idea in the future of computing and extrapolate the effect it will have on the world.Follow us for new videos every week on web3, cryptocurrency, programming languages, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and more!===== Socials =====WEBSITE: https://technium.transistor.fm/ SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7 APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545

Nix is a functional package manager. It creates completely reproducible builds and package management, including support for multiple versions of packages side-by-size with no issues.Chapters:[00:00:00] Intro[00:02:41] What is Nix?[00:05:01] The Problem with Package Management[00:09:41] How Nix Works[00:15:08] Reproducible Environment = Less Bit Rot?[00:17:46] Nix vs. Docker[00:21:32] Adoption at Growing Startups[00:26:05] Use Case: Consistency Across Environments[00:28:04] Use Case: Provisioning New Dev Machines[00:32:24] Use Case: Portable Editor Configs[00:35:05] Why Hasn't This Taken Off?[00:40:27] Leaky Abstractions[00:44:17] Security and other enterprise value props[00:52:31] Improving the documentation[00:56:34] Nix for software archival/archaeology[01:02:21] Reducing DevOps/SRE burden[01:07:51] Integrating Nix directly into programming languages[01:09:57] Someone should build the Heroku for Nix[01:25:17] How to take a position on NixLinks/Resources:https://edolstra.github.io/pubs/phd-thesis.pdfhttps://www.iohannes.us/en/commentary/nix-critique/https://nixos.org/guides/how-nix-works.htmlhttps://nix.dev/https://blog.replit.com/powered-by-nixhttps://blog.replit.com/nix-vs-dockerhttps://blog.wesleyac.com/posts/the-curse-of-nixoshttps://bicompact.space/blog/2020/06/20/nix-os-thoughts/https://shopify.engineering/what-is-nixhttps://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28241661https://nixcloud.io/tourhttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRGI9KQ3_HP_OFRG6R-p4iFgMSK1t5BHs===== About “The Technium” =====The Technium is a weekly podcast discussing the edge of technology and what we can build with it. Each week, Sri and Wil introduce a big idea in the future of computing and extrapolate the effect it will have on the world.Follow us for new videos every week on web3, cryptocurrency, programming languages, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and more!===== Socials =====WEBSITE: https://technium.transistor.fm/ SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7 APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545

'Visual Programming' refers a style of programming that allows the user to specify a programs in a two-(or more)-dimensional fashion. Visual programming environments represent the data, control flow, or program state in a graphical way, allowing them to be directly manipulated. It has been a hot area of research from the very beginning of personal computing, to today.This week we will cover a few major visual programming environments, why visual programming has remained compelling over the decades, and whether there is untapped potential for VP today.Chapters:[00:00:00] Intros[00:03:50] What is Visual Programming?[00:05:42] Origins[00:14:34] Block-based Visual Programming[00:20:26] Wire and Dataflow-based Visual Programming[00:31:51] An Umbrella Term[00:36:31] Conceptual History[00:48:23] The Duality of Direct Manipulation[00:58:40] Direct Manipulation of Running State[01:11:25] Programming by Example[01:21:17] Fill in the Details for Me[01:28:49] Strengths of Visual Programming[01:43:36] Leveraging the Visual Cortex[01:50:58] Second Order EffectsLinks/Resources:SketchPad demo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Cq8S3jzJiQPygmilion Paper: http://worrydream.com/refs/Smith%20-%20Pygmalion.pdfDemo:: https://youtu.be/xNW8wUpbqQM?t=319GrailDemo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Cq8S3jzJiQHypercardDemo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Cq8S3jzJiQViewpoint https://scottkim.com/2020/06/07/viewpoint/Scratchhttps://www.bryanbraun.com/2022/07/16/scratch-is-a-big-deal/Labview (imperative control flow): https://www.ni.com/en-us/shop/labview.htmlUnreal Engine Blueprint (functional)https://docs.unrealengine.com/5.0/en-US/blueprints-visual-scripting-in-unreal-engine/https://blueprintsfromhell.tumblr.com/Max/MSP for musicianshttps://cycling74.com/products/maxOthershttps://cables.gl/https://nodes.io/===== About “The Technium” =====The Technium is a weekly podcast discussing the edge of technology and what we can build with it. Each week, Sri and Wil introduce a big idea in the future of computing and extrapolate the effect it will have on the world.Follow us for new videos every week on web3, cryptocurrency, programming languages, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and more!===== Socials =====WEBSITE: https://technium.transistor.fm/ SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/1ljTFMgTeRQJ69KRWAkBy7 APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-technium/id1608747545