Declaration of Helsinki Addresses New Ethical Challenges

Preterm birth is the greatest cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, with infants born extremely preterm at highest risk. Author Brett J. Manley, PhD, the Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia, discusses a new study of the effect of intratracheal corticosteroid administration on survival free of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants, with JAMA Deputy Editor Tracy A. Lieu, MD, MPH. Related Content: Intratracheal Budesonide Mixed With Surfactant for Extremely Preterm Infants

Preventing obesity in early childhood is challenging for clinicians and families. Authors Eliana M. Perrin, MD, MPH, of Johns Hopkins University, and William J. Heerman, MD, MPH, of Vanderbilt University, join JAMA Deputy Editor Tracy Lieu, MD, to discuss "A Digital Health Behavior Intervention to Prevent Childhood Obesity: The Greenlight Plus Randomized Clinical Trial." Related Content: A Digital Health Behavior Intervention to Prevent Childhood Obesity

A new study published in JAMA found that drug-related supply chain issue reports were 40% less likely to result in meaningful drug shortages in Canada compared with the US. Authors Kate Suda, PharmD, MS, of University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and Mina Tadrous, PharmD, PhD, of University of Toronto, discuss this and more with JAMA Deputy Editor Joseph S. Ross, MD, MHS. Related Content: Differences in Drug Shortages in the US and Canada Understanding Drug Supply Shortages in the US and Canada

In the US, childbirth typically occurs in hospitals or accredited birth centers. President of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Stella Marie Dantas, MD, speaks with JAMA Deputy Editor Linda Brubaker, MD, MS, about newly proposed advanced birth centers that would permit higher-risk births, with concerns for patient safety and rural obstetric care access. Related Content: Advanced Birth Centers and the Effect on Maternity Care

The Declaration of Helsinki originated in 1964, developed by the World Medical Association (WMA). Process Chair Jack S. Resneck Jr, MD, discusses the 2024 updates to the Declaration of Helsinki with JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS. Related Content: Revisions to the Declaration of Helsinki on Its 60th Anniversary World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki Making the Ethical Oversight of All Clinical Trials Fit for Purpose The Revised Declaration of Helsinki—Considerations for the Future of Artificial Intelligence in Health and Medical Research Revisiting the Declaration of Helsinki—A Patient-Centered Perspective Future-Proofing Research Ethics—Key Revisions of the Declaration of Helsinki 2024 The Revision of the Declaration of Helsinki Viewed From the Americas—Paving the Way to Better Research Declaration of Helsinki—Revisions for the 21st Century Facilitating Efficient and Ethical Trials at the Intersection of Research and Clinical Care The 2024 Revision to the Declaration of Helsinki

Transfusion strategy for patients with acute brain injury, telehealth care, acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery, and weaning ventilatory support are the topics of 4 trials published in JAMA and presented at the 2024 European Society of Intensive Care Medicine meeting. JAMA Associate Editor Christopher Seymour, MD, MSc, joins Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, to discuss. Related Content: Shifting Balance of the Risk-Benefit of Restrictive Transfusion Strategies in Neurocritically Ill Patients—Is Less Still More? Evaluating Complex Technological Innovations in Critical Care—Current Challenges and Future Directions Impact of Adsorptive Blood Purification on Kidney Outcomes Ventilator Weaning Strategies—Managing Interaction Between Randomized Treatments Restrictive vs Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Patients With Acute Brain Injury Effect of Tele-ICU on Clinical Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients Extracorporeal Blood Purification and Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery Frequency of Screening and Spontaneous Breathing Trial Techniques

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death globally. Chronic H pylori infection is the primary cause of gastric cancer, responsible for at least 80% of the new cases. Constanza Camargo, PhD, of the National Cancer Institute joins JAMA Associate Editor John M. Inadomi, MD, to discuss co-testing with FIT and H pylori stool antigen to help prevent gastric cancer. Related Content: Fecal Immunochemical Test and Helicobacter pylori Stool Antigen Co-Testing Screening for Helicobacter pylori to Prevent Gastric Cancer

Fever is associated with worse outcomes in patients with stroke, but whether preventing fever improves outcomes is unclear. David M. Greer, MD, MA, speaks with JAMA Associate Editor Jeffrey L. Saver, MD, about fever prevention in patients with acute stroke and its impact on functional outcomes. Related Content: Fever Prevention in Patients With Acute Vascular Brain Injury Feasibility of Fever Prevention in Vascular Brain Injury

The 2024 Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award has been presented for the discovery of GLP-1 and its application to the treatment of obesity. Lasker winner Svetlana Mojsov, PhD, discusses her role in this innovative discovery and more with JAMA Senior Editor Anne Rentoumis Cappola, MD, ScM. Related Content: Chemistry Matters—From a Putative Peptide to Effective Treatments for Diabetes and Obesity Discovery of cGAS as a DNA-Sensing Enzyme That Triggers Inflammation GLP-1 for Treating Obesity—Origin, History, and Evolution AIDS in Africa—Impact of Research

Palliative care is an essential component to high-quality care for patients with cancer. How can access to palliative care be expanded? Eduardo Bruera, MD, from MD Anderson Cancer Center speaks with JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo about 2 new trials in JAMA that address access to care and what more it will take for executives, insurers, and regulators to support palliative care programs. Related Content: Improving Palliative Care Access for Patients With Cancer Telehealth vs In-Person Early Palliative Care for Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer