2. Introduction: methods and primitive cellular activities

MIT 8.20 Introduction to Special Relativity, January IAP 2021Instructor: Markus KluteView the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/8-20IAP21YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP61Zc3rR6wVM0kpsiyIq0fk8Uploaded 08-11-21Definition of proper velocity.License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SAMore information at https://ocw.mit.edu/termsMore courses at https://ocw.mit.eduSupport OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQWe encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

As MIT’s Senior Associate Dean for Open Learning, Christopher Capozzola’s job is to look forward, identifying new opportunities and facing new challenges in online and digital learning. But he’s also a professor of American history. In that capacity, his job also requires him to study the opportunities and challenges people faced in the past—and, in the classroom, to make those past events meaningful to young people in the present. In this episode, Prof. Capozzola draws analogies between the present moment and the late 1800s, when new communication technologies and systems for organizing and presenting information transformed the world. Just like in the 19th century, he says, we’re facing questions about the trustworthiness of the flood of information we’re exposed to, as well as about how to democratize access to that information in order to achieve a more equitable society. In overseeing MIT OpenCourseWare and other programs in MIT Open Learning, Prof. Capozzola says, he’s on a mission to make information both trustable and discoverable, and to seek out—and collaborate with—the innovators and philanthropists (the “Deweys and Carnegies” of today) who can support that mission.Relevant Resources:Uploaded 05-06-24MIT OpenCourseWare (https://ocw.mit.edu)The OCW Educator Portal (https://ocw.mit.edu/educator)Prof. Capozzola’s faculty page (https://history.mit.edu/people/christopher-capozzola/)The Dewey decimal classification system (PDF) (https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/dewey/resources/summaries/deweysummaries.pdf)The Carnegie libraries (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_library)21H.221 The Places of Migration in United States History on MIT OpenCourseWare (https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/21h-221-the-places-of-migration-in-united-states-history-fall-2006/)21H.223 War and American Society on MIT OpenCourseWare (https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/21h-223-war-american-society-fall-2002/)21H.224 Law and Society in US History on MIT OpenCourseWare (https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/21h-224-law-and-society-in-us-history-spring-2003/)Music in this episode by Blue Dot Sessions (https://www.sessions.blue/) Connect with Us If you have a suggestion for a new episode or have used OCW to change your life or those of others, tell us your story. We’d love to hear from you! Call us @ 617-715-2517 On our site (https://ocw.mit.edu/contact/) On Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/MITOCW/) On X (https://twitter.com/MITOCW?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor) On Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/mitocw/) Stay Current Subscribe to the free monthly "MIT OpenCourseWare Update" e-newsletter. (https://ocw.mit.edu/newsletter/) Support OCWIf you like Chalk Radio and MIT OpenCourseware, donate to help keep these programs going! (https://giving.mit.edu/give/to/ocw/?utm_source=ocw&utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=donate) CreditsSarah Hansen, host and producer (https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarah-e-hansen/) Brett Paci, producer (https://twitter.com/Brett_Paci) Dave Lishansky, producer (https://twitter.com/DaveResonates) Show notes by Peter Chipman Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

MIT 9.14 Brain Structure and Its Origins, Spring 2014Instructor: Gerard E. SchneiderUploaded 04-10-23View the complete course (or resource): https://ocw.mit.edu/9-14S14YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP62ABe0O-0qtaHHxyKQi1ZwRThis lecture is the sixth of six on the hypothalamus and limbic system and focuses on the the limbic forebrain and amygdala.License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SAMore information at https://ocw.mit.edu/termsMore courses at https://ocw.mit.eduSupport OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQWe encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

MIT 8.20 Introduction to Special Relativity, January IAP 2021Instructor: Markus KluteView the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/8-20IAP21YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP61Zc3rR6wVM0kpsiyIq0fk8Uploaded 08-11-21We now turn to the relativistic Doppler effect.License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SAMore information at https://ocw.mit.edu/termsMore courses at https://ocw.mit.eduSupport OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQWe encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

MIT 9.14 Brain Structure and Its Origins, Spring 2014Instructor: Gerard E. SchneiderUploaded 04-10-23View the complete course (or resource): https://ocw.mit.edu/9-14S14YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP62ABe0O-0qtaHHxyKQi1ZwRThis lecture is the third of six on the hypothalamus and limbic system and covers the core pathways and anatomy.License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SAMore information at https://ocw.mit.edu/termsMore courses at https://ocw.mit.eduSupport OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQWe encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

MIT RES.10-002 Ethics of AI Bias, Spring 2023Instructors: Prof. Bernhardt Trout, Prof. Svetozar MinkovUploaded 14-03-23View the resource on MIT OpenCourseWare: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/res-10-002-ethics-of-bias-in-ai-spring-2023/This is a video presenting a dramatized seminar-type class session in which the participants discuss the ethical ramifications of bias in artificial intelligence systems. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SAMore information at https://ocw.mit.edu/termsMore courses at https://ocw.mit.eduSupport OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQWe encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.Speakers: Evie Dumont Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

MIT 8.20 Introduction to Special Relativity, January IAP 2021Instructor: David KaiserView the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/8-20IAP21YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP61Zc3rR6wVM0kpsiyIq0fk8Uploaded 08-11-21Professor David Kaiser teaches in the physics department at MIT and is also a historian of science. In this guest lecture, he describes how the most accomplished physicists of the mid-to-late 19th century were thinking about motion of bodies through space and time, and how, at the end of that century, a rather young and very little known person named Albert Einstein began asking similar questions but often in very different ways. (01:13:40)License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SAMore information at https://ocw.mit.edu/termsMore courses at https://ocw.mit.eduSupport OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQWe encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

MIT 9.14 Brain Structure and Its Origins, Spring 2014Instructor: Gerard E. SchneiderUploaded 04-10-23View the complete course (or resource): https://ocw.mit.edu/9-14S14YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP62ABe0O-0qtaHHxyKQi1ZwRThis lecture is the first of six on the hypothalamus and limbic system and covers the evolution of the forebrain and endbrain.License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SAMore information at https://ocw.mit.edu/termsMore courses at https://ocw.mit.eduSupport OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQWe encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

MIT 8.20 Introduction to Special Relativity, January IAP 2021Instructor: Markus KluteView the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/8-20IAP21YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP61Zc3rR6wVM0kpsiyIq0fk8Uploaded 08-11-21We discuss cause and effect.License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SAMore information at https://ocw.mit.edu/termsMore courses at https://ocw.mit.eduSupport OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQWe encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Professor Hal Abelson has been active in computer science for over half a century—the first computer he worked with, in high school, was the kind where programs were encoded in a pattern of holes punched into a paper tape fed into the machine. When he arrived at MIT as a graduate student in the late 1960s, Abelson became involved in exploring computers’ potential as educational tools. One of his first projects, under the guidance of Prof. Seymour Papert, involved working to create a graphics display for use with the Logo programming language, which had first been introduced to schoolkids just a year or two earlier. In this episode, Prof. Abelson reminisces about those early experiences and discusses the importance of computer education for everyone–including, and especially, for children who have the power to make real-world impact through their programming work. He also weighs in on the risks associated with artificial intelligence, and describes his involvement in MIT’s decision to give away educational materials online for free—an initiative that ultimately became MIT OpenCourseWare. Fundamentally, Prof. Abelson believes that computer scientists need to confront not only the technical challenges of designing new systems or applications, but also a deeper, humanistic question: “What, in fact, is worth making?”Uploaded 29-05-24Subscribe to Chalk Radio! → https://chalk-radio.simplecast.com/Relevant Resources:MIT OpenCourseWare (https://ocw.mit.edu)The OCW Educator Portal (https://ocw.mit.edu/educator)Prof. Abelson’s faculty page (https://www.csail.mit.edu/person/hal-abelson)Logo and the Turtle (https://el.media.mit.edu/logo-foundation/what_is_logo/logo_primer.html)Scratch coding language (https://scratch.mit.edu/about)MIT App Inventor (https://appinventor.mit.edu/)6.S062 Generative Artificial Intelligence in K-12 Education on MIT OpenCourseWare (https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-s062-generative-artificial-intelligence-in-k12-education-fall-2023/)Music in this episode by Blue Dot Sessions (https://www.sessions.blue/) Connect with Us If you have a suggestion for a new episode or have used OCW to change your life or those of others, tell us your story. We’d love to hear from you! Call us @ 617-715-2517 On our site (https://ocw.mit.edu/contact/) On Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/MITOCW/) On X (https://twitter.com/MITOCW?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor) On Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/mitocw/) Stay Current Subscribe to the free monthly "MIT OpenCourseWare Update" e-newsletter. (https://ocw.mit.edu/newsletter/) Support OCWIf you like Chalk Radio and OpenCourseware, donate to help keep these programs going! (https://giving.mit.edu/give/to/ocw/?utm_source=ocw&utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=donate) CreditsSarah Hansen, host and producer (https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarah-e-hansen/)Brett Paci, producer (https://twitter.com/Brett_Paci)Dave Lishansky, producer (https://twitter.com/DaveResonates)Show notes by Peter Chipman Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices