How do some animals understand human commands?

Thanks to John Maher for the answer! Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Kiran wants to know how animals like dogs are able to follow commands from humans. James Tytko asked Nicky Clayton, Professor of Comparative Cognition at the University of Cambridge, to help with the answer... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Alan writes in, acknowledging that many animals use the Earth's magnetic field for navigation purposes. Given the shifts in poles and field intensity we experience due to convection currents in the Earth's core, how do they stay on course? James Tytko asked Miriam Liedvogel, professor of ornithology, to help find the answer... James - The best supported ideas include the presence of a tiny compass needle of magnetic iron oxide in the beaks of some birds. Or there's the radical pair hypothesis, which explains magnetoreception with quantum mechanics. Mirjam Liedvogel is director of the Institute... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

In 1977, astronomer Jerry Ehman detected a narrowband radio signal, far stronger than any that have been recorded before or since, using Ohio State University's Big Ear telescope as it was pointing in the direction of the Saggitarius constellation. Listener to the show, Donald, wants to know if any consensus has been reached as to the origin of the signal, which James Tytko sought to find out with the help of former BBC science editor, David Whitehouse. Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Thanks to John Travers for the answer!Listener Francisco asked: I have been told that jumping on a trampoline is healthy for humans. It is considered as a good exercise; and also to better coordinate brain and body. I am 73 and wonder whether it is advisable for me to jump on a spring board?John - My work in reversing frailty and building resilience in older adults has made me a big advocate for resistance exercises like trampolining. This should be combined with consuming sufficient protein to turn that work into stronger muscles and bones. Jumping on a trampoline can improve cardiovascular... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Silke is writing all the way from French Polynesia, asking what's best to do with all the plastic rubbish she picks up from the beach, and whether burning it is advisable. James Tytko asked Richard Lampitt from the National Oceanography Centre to help find an answer... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Listener to the show, Elaine, wants to know whether her mother, who was a thalidomide baby, might have passed on effect of the drug to her children. Thalidomide was a treatment for morning sickness which caused severe birth differences in children born to mothers who used the drug. James Tytko sought an answer, with help from Neil Vargesson, Professor of Developmental Biology at the University of Aberdeen... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Garth wants to know, given the skin can block water from passing through it, how do certain skin creams allege to permeate into our body? James Tytko took on the question with help from Richard Guy, Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Bath... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Garth writes in wanting to know why the prevalence of lactose intolerance is nearly 100% in countries like South Korea, but down in the low single digits in countries like the UK. James Tytko asked Mark Thomas, Professor of Evolutionary Genetics at UCL, for the answer... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Dan wants to know what the likelihood is of him being here if neither him, his parents, nor his grandparents had had any vaccinations. James Tytko sought to provide an answer, with the help of Helen Bedford, Professor of Children's Health at UCL... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists