
Kristen Tegtmeier Oertel, "Seeking Freedom in Indian Country: Slavery, Sovereignty, and Resistance Within the Five Tribes, 1790–1861" (LSU Press, 2026)
3/8/2026
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45:37
Dr. Kristen Tegtmeier Oertel’s Seeking Freedom in Indian Country: Slavery, Sovereignty, and Resistance within the Five Tribes, 1790–1861 (LSU Press, 2026) is the first comprehensive study of African chattel
slavery within the Five Tribes: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw,
Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole Nations. Dr. Oertel examines how chattel
slavery functioned among all Five Tribes before and during the removal
process, how the tribes reconstituted slavery post-removal in Indian
Territory, and how enslaved Black people promoted freedom-seeking
strategies at each stage. Furthermore, her work considers how the
conflict over slavery in Indian Territory contributed to the larger
national debate over slavery’s fate on the eve of the Civil War.
Historians
have examined how the practice of African enslavement emerged within
one or two tribes, how forced migration affected slavery within
particular nations,
and how the debate over slavery divided multiple Indigenous nations.
Dr. Oertel, however, is the first to examine Indian Territory as a
whole, its significance to the sectional debates, and its role as an
incubator of emancipation policies in the United States. Knitting
together these individual tribal narratives and supplementing them with
extensive primary research on how slavery functioned across Indian
Territory, she integrates Indian country into the antebellum march
toward the Civil War.
Seeking Freedom in Indian Country
joins a rising chorus of studies that integrate southern and western
history, which, by default, also pulls together the history of the
so-called Indian Wars with the Civil War. Dr. Oertel suggests that we
cannot fully understand the causes of the Civil War without also
considering the changes brought about by the forced removal of Indians.
She argues that settler colonialism and the expansion of African chattel
slavery together set the stage for sectional conflict to explode in the
West. Ironically, both Indigenous resistance to settler colonialism and
Black resistance to slavery challenged white supremacy in ways that
foretold the end of slavery but also furthered the settler colonial
project.
This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book
focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty
negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative
analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find
Miranda’s interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.
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