Jon Ostenson – I Built a Million-Dollar Business That Never Made a Profit

BIO: Jon is the Founder and CEO of FranBridge Consulting, a 2-time Inc. 5000 company, and he is a top 1% franchise consultant.STORY: Jon co-founded a marketing and call-center business that appeared successful on the surface, growing to millions in revenue and dozens of employees. However, excessive customization and an inability to charge prices that matched rising costs meant the business never became sustainably profitable.LEARNING: Profitability is oxygen. Knowing when to admit you’re wrong matters just as much as knowing how to start. “Humble yourself and admit when you’re wrong, course correct, and pivot.”Jon Ostenson Guest profileJon Ostenson is the Founder and CEO of FranBridge Consulting, a 2-time Inc. 5000 company, and he is a top 1% franchise consultant. Jon is also the author of the bestselling book, Non-Food Franchising. Jon draws on his experience as a former Inc. 500 Franchise President and Multi-Brand Franchisee in helping his clients select their franchise investments.Worst investment everLeaving the corporate world felt like freedom. After years of structure, predictability, and steady paychecks, you finally get to build something of your own. That was precisely where Jon found himself: grateful for his corporate experience, energized by the idea of business ownership, and eager to prove he could create something meaningful on his own terms.A promising partnership and a compelling business visionShortly after leaving corporate life, Jon partnered with a colleague to launch a marketing and sales company. He owned 60 percent of the business and ran day-to-day operations, while his partner held the remaining 40 percent.The vision was compelling. The company would help franchise businesses grow by handling their marketing, answering inbound calls through an in-house call center, and booking appointments directly for clients. The promise was simple: make the phones ring and convert those calls into revenue.Early momentum and the illusion of successAt first, it worked. The business grew quickly, attracting a strong leadership team and building a culture Jon was proud of. With around 35 employees and annual revenues of $3 million to $4 million, the company appeared successful from the outside. The team was energized, clients were signing on, and the pace was exciting.When growth didn’t translate into profitBut beneath the surface, there was a quiet, persistent problem.The business wasn’t profitable.Despite all the effort, the long hours, and the constant tweaking, the company hovered around breakeven. Some months it lost money. Others it barely scraped by. Payroll was always looming, and profitability felt just out of reach. Jon tried adjusting pricing, shifting emphasis between marketing and call center services, and introducing new technology to increase value.But every fix only delayed the inevitable question he didn’t want to answer: What if the model itself was broken?The hidden cost of customization and complexityThe core issue turned out to be customization. The business was designed to scale by serving franchise systems with repeatable processes. Instead, each franchisee insisted their market was different, their staff was unique, and their customers required special handling. Wanting to please early clients and drive revenue, Jon said yes. Again and again.Over time,...

BIO: Edwin Endlich is the Chief Marketing Officer of Wysh and President of the National Alliance for Financial Literacy and Inclusion.STORY: Edwin’s worst investment was buying Tilray stock at $143 during the early hype of legal cannabis investing. Swept up in the excitement of a “new frontier,” he held on as the price crashed—eventually selling at around 30 cents and losing over 99% of his investment.LEARNING: The fundamentals always apply, even in new or exciting industries. Don’t let hype replace due diligence. “We’re in this AI conversation, let’s not forget the fundamentals of the market. Learn from what has happened in this space before. And don’t get too cocky.”Edwin Endlich Guest profileEdwin Endlich is the Chief Marketing Officer of Wysh and President of the National Alliance for Financial Literacy and Inclusion. Edwin has spent his career at the intersection of marketing, fintech, and AI, helping financial institutions tell more human stories in an increasingly digital world. He’s passionate about making financial protection simple, accessible, and even a little more fun — proving you don’t need buzzwords or hype to make banking and technology relevant.Worst investment everThere’s nothing quite like the rush of feeling early—early to a trend, early to a movement, early to a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. That’s precisely what Edwin felt in 2015–2016, when investing in legal cannabis became possible in parts of the United States.For the first time, regular people could invest in a newly legalized industry. It felt like history happening in real time, a frontier market ready to explode. Edwin and his friends didn’t want to miss out, especially when companies were going public, and their share prices seemed destined to skyrocket.One of those stocks was Tilray. At $143 a share, Edwin was convinced he was buying the future. He imagined stock splits, booming demand, and a cannabis empire rising from the ground floor. Instead, he watched that $143 tumble month after month, until he finally sold it for around 30 cents. The emotional rollercoaster of hope, disappointment, and finally acceptance was a journey Edwin will never forget.A 99.3% loss.He now calls it his worst investment—not just because of the financial hit, but because of how powerfully excitement and hype clouded his judgment.Lessons learnedEvery investor thinks their situation is unique. But in reality, the same patterns repeat again and again.Markets take time to mature.Regulation can shift overnight.Early doesn’t always mean right.Excitement is not a strategy.Andrew’s takeawaysA portfolio isn’t just about diversification by industry or geography; it’s also about diversifying across stages of maturity.Stable, well-regulated companies like Coca-Cola or Pepsi behave very differently from early-stage, hype-driven industries, such as the cannabis sector.Even large companies, with teams of top analysts, often get it wrong.Actionable adviceIf Edwin could offer one piece of advice to anyone starry-eyed over the next big thing, it would be this:Do your due diligence. Seriously.Before you invest in anything—especially something exciting, futuristic, or rapidly trending—slow down and ask:Has this been done before?What can I learn from past bubbles?What does...

BIO: Scott Alldridge is CEO of IP Services and President of the IT Process Institute, a bestselling author of the VisibleOps series, and a Certified Chief Information Security Officer.STORY: Scott’s worst investment was a stake in a startup promising to deliver hot coffee by drone. Excited by the futuristic idea, he invested before the concept was proven—but the project quickly crashed when the FAA banned drone deliveries and a prototype failed spectacularly.LEARNING: Being first doesn’t always mean being right. Due diligence is non-negotiable. “You don’t have to jump in. Being the first with the most doesn’t matter if it’s a bad idea—you’ll lose money anyway.”Scott Alldridge Guest profileScott Alldridge is CEO of IP Services and President of the IT Process Institute, a bestselling author of the VisibleOps series, and a Certified Chief Information Security Officer. He holds an MBA in cybersecurity and has over 30 years of experience in IT and cybersecurity leadership. Scott empowers organizations to achieve resilience through process excellence, Zero Trust, and AI-driven security.Worst investment everIf you live in the Pacific Northwest, coffee isn’t just a drink; it’s a way of life. Seattle is home to Starbucks, and in Oregon, coffee culture runs deep. So when Scott was pitched an idea that combined coffee and technology—delivering hot coffee via drone—he couldn’t resist.The concept sounded revolutionary: push a button on your phone, and a drone drops off your piping-hot Americano right at your doorstep. It felt like the future—part Amazon innovation, part TED Talk dream.Excited, Scott invested for a 3% stake in the startup. The founders promised a caffeinated empire built on convenience and cutting-edge tech.But just three months later, the buzz wore off. The FAA issued a cease-and-desist order on all drone delivery experiments, particularly those involving liquids.And then came the final straw: the company’s prototype drone spilled an entire cup of hot coffee mid-flight, grounding both the drone and Scott’s hopes. The “coffee drone revolution” turned into a $10,000 lesson in wishful thinking. Delivering hot coffee by drone was never going to fly—literally.Lessons learnedBeing first doesn’t always mean being right.It’s tempting to jump into the next big idea, especially when it sounds exciting and visionary. However, early-stage innovation carries significant risk, especially when the concept hasn’t been tested or proven.Enthusiasm can cloud judgment. Instead of investing based on a slick pitch deck or futuristic concept, it’s smarter to wait until an idea is validated, tested, and compliant with regulations.Andrew’s takeawaysEvery idea looks brilliant until reality—and regulation—show up.Even in large corporations, where top analysts and executives lead multi-million-dollar mergers, success isn’t guaranteed. Only about 20% of them added value within three to five years.Business is hard, and due diligence is non-negotiable.Actionable adviceAlways do your due diligence. Before investing in any idea—no matter how exciting—slow down and dig deep:Validate the concept. Is there a working prototype, or just a fancy pitch?Check the regulations, especially if the business operates...

BIO: Thomas J. Powell, founder of The Powell Perspective™, is a seasoned entrepreneur, investor, and advocate for founders, bringing clarity, strategy, and resilience to leaders building at scale.STORY: Thomas invested $3.6M in a friend’s cannabis company, where he ignored his own due diligence framework. Because he skipped key governance protections and didn’t document alignment or exit terms, the investment became frustrating, hard to control, and nearly impossible to fix—proving that breaking your own rules is the most expensive mistake.LEARNING: Never mix friendship and business. Make sure both you and the founder are solving the same problem. “They say good fences make good neighbors, good documents keep good friendships.”Thomas Powell Guest profileImagine navigating the high-stakes world of capital, strategy, and legacy with a guide who has raised billions and structured ventures worldwide. Thomas J. Powell, founder of The Powell Perspective™, is a seasoned entrepreneur, investor, and advocate for founders, bringing clarity, strategy, and resilience to leaders building at scale.Worst investment everYou’ve probably heard the saying, “Never mix friendship and business.” Thomas learned that lesson the hard way.His story starts with good intentions. When his kids’ grandmother battled breast cancer, cannabis was the only thing that eased her treatment side effects. So when medical marijuana became legal in a few US states, investing in the cannabis industry felt like the right thing to do.But here’s where things went wrong.A close friend brought him the deal, and because of that personal connection, Thomas skipped many of the due diligence steps he usually followed through his family office. No detailed governance clauses. No proper reporting framework. No accountability structure.It wasn’t a small investment either—about $3.6 million. As time went on, the cracks began to show. The company missed financial reports, accounting systems were weak, and when COVID hit, things only got messier. To make matters worse, taking over the business wasn’t even an option since he didn’t have a cannabis license. The emotional toll of this situation was significant, as Thomas had to face the reality of his investment failing due to trusting a friend blindly.The worst part? Having to look a friend in the eye, knowing he’d broken his own investment rules.Lessons learnedVerify alignment: Make sure both you and the founder are solving the same problem, and that you share the same exit goals. Ask questions like, “If someone offered to buy this company for $25 million today, would you sell?” If your answers don’t match, you’re not aligned.Watch the hubris: Just because you’re smart or successful doesn’t mean you can see around every corner. Understand the legal and regulatory landscape before investing, especially in industries like cannabis, where compliance is complex.Enforce accountability: Set clear reporting expectations from day one and include consequences for missed deadlines. Thomas admits that if his deal had stricter enforcement clauses, it would’ve saved him time, money, and frustration later on.Andrew’s takeawaysMany startups underpay themselves. It might sound noble, but it actually distorts valuation and creates problems later.Make sure founders are paying themselves a market-rate salary. That way, when the business is valued or...

BIO: As Co-Founder & CEO of Mode Mobile, Dan Novaes is leading the transformation of how people interact with technology. His “Earn As You Go” software empowers millions of consumers to turn daily habits into passive income.STORY: Dan decided to take the bold move of turning his treasury into a long-term crypto strategy. What started as $2 million in Bitcoin and Ethereum ballooned to $30 million, but the 2022 crash and business pressures forced him to liquidate at low prices—missing out on what could have been a $100 million windfall.LEARNING: Don’t chase aggressive expansion without a clear path to profitability. Stick to your core business. Separate your business from speculative bets. “Everyone has a plan until they get punched in the face. Take a moment of deep thinking every week when things are going well, think about everything that could go wrong, and then reassess your position.”Dan Novaes Guest profileAs Co-Founder & CEO of Mode Mobile, Dan Novaes is leading the transformation of how people interact with technology. His “Earn As You Go” software empowers millions of consumers to turn daily habits into passive income. Under his leadership, Mode achieved 32,481% revenue growth from 2019 to 2022 and ranked #1 in Software on Deloitte’s Technology Fast 500 in North America.Worst investment everIn today’s rapidly evolving and highly interconnected business world, companies are increasingly relying on external partnerships to drive growth and innovation.Dan’s story begins in the early days of crypto. His company had raised funds through Bitcoin and Ethereum when Bitcoin was valued at just a few thousand dollars and Ethereum at only a few hundred. This early success in the crypto market was a testament to the potential for significant growth that these investments could bring.Once the business had a comfortable runway, Dan made a bold move—he turned their treasury, which is the accumulated profits and cash reserves, into a long-term crypto strategy, much like what companies like MicroStrategy would later become known for.Riding the waveAt first, the decision looked genius. That $1–2 million ballooned into $30 million. Dan was on CNBC, celebrating as Bitcoin crossed $10,000, and his company seemed unstoppable. They never had to fundraise again—until the 2022 crash.The crashIn 2022, Bitcoin’s price fell from $63,000 to $18,000, and pressure mounted. Compounding the pain, many of Dan’s advertising partners went bankrupt, leaving unpaid bills. This was a significant blow to the company’s financial stability. To survive, Dan’s company had to liquidate almost the entire treasury at depressed prices.Had Dan managed his growth and financials more cautiously, that crypto position could have grown to $100 million or more. Instead, he walked away with far less—and a bitter lesson.Lessons learnedGrowth at all costs is dangerous. Chasing aggressive expansion without a clear path to profitability can leave your company vulnerable when market conditions shift.Profit-taking matters. Riding the wave without ever securing gains turned paper wealth into a forced liquidation.Stick to your core business.Discipline is everything. Not letting market euphoria dictate strategy is critical to long-term survival.Andrew’s takeawaysSeparate your business from speculative bets. Don’t gamble with your excess cash on foreign exchange trades. Instead, hedge your risks because...

BIO: Dr. Gilbert &nbsp;A. Guzmán is a business strategist and systems thinker. He is the founder of IntraQ AI, a SaaS solution designed to eliminate knowledge gaps within the workplace, and the author of Atomic Impact: Systems for Transformative Productivity.STORY: In 2012, Gilbert &nbsp;envisioned a portable charger vending system for airports, universities, and theaters—a “Redbox for power.” He over-engineered, over-researched, and waited for “perfect”—while another company launched the same concept. By the time he moved, they dominated airports with a first-mover advantage.LEARNING: Jump in and get things going. Don’t be afraid to fail. Iterate, and get your product to market.&nbsp;“Don’t be afraid to iterate. Maintain the course, and you’ll see your product through.”Dr. Gilbert A. Guzmán&nbsp;Guest profileDr. Gilbert A. Guzmán is a business strategist and systems thinker. He is the founder of IntraQ AI, a SaaS solution designed to eliminate knowledge gaps within the workplace, and the author of Atomic Impact: Systems for Transformative Productivity, which you can get for free using the code: Stotz.With a doctorate in business and experience leading large teams, he helps organizations boost productivity through practical systems built for real-world constraints. His work bridges people, data, and technology for lasting operational success.Worst investment everIn 2012, Gilbert &nbsp;envisioned a portable charger vending system for airports, universities, and theaters—a “Redbox for power.” Users would rent charged batteries and return them to kiosks for reuse.Ironically, Gilbert is a very impatient man, but when it comes to business ideas, he takes his sweet time, sometimes too long. This is exactly what happened with the portable charger idea.Gilbert over-engineered, over-researched, and waited for “perfect”—while Fuel Rod launched the same concept. By the time he moved, they dominated airports with a first-mover advantage. He invented the wheel but didn’t roll it.Lessons learnedJump in, do what you need to do, stay up late, work hard, do the research, and get things going. Ultimately, everything will come to fruition.Manage your risks.You can earn back cash, but you can’t earn back lost time.In startups, a bad launch always beats no launch. Waiting for no flaws means 100% flaw: no product.You can’t be a risk-averse leader.Andrew’s takeawaysMVPs beat masterpieces because if you’re not embarrassed by the first version of your product, you launched too late.The market doesn’t care who invented a product—it cares who shipped it.Actionable adviceDon’t be afraid to fail. Iterate, get your product to market, and find out if it makes sense and is relevant.Don’t get scared of the big names, the Googles of the world, and think that they will crush you.You don’t have to be horizontal. You can go vertical. You can find a niche and dedicate your time to it.Gilbert’s recommendationsGilbert recommends his e-book Atomic Impact: Systems for Transformative Productivity (remember to use code Stotz for a free copy).He also recommends visiting his <a href="https://atomicimpactbook.com/"

In this episode of Enrich Your Future, Andrew and Larry Swedroe discuss Larry’s new book, Enrich Your Future: The Keys to Successful Investing. In this series, they conclude the lessons from the book.LEARNING: Investing isn’t about chasing the next hot stock—it’s about building a resilient, well-diversified portfolio you can live with in good times and bad.&nbsp;“Once you have enough, stop playing the game as if you don’t. Reduce risk, enjoy life, and make your money serve you—not the other way around.”Larry Swedroe&nbsp;In this episode of Enrich Your Future, Andrew and Larry Swedroe discuss Larry’s new book, Enrich Your Future: The Keys to Successful Investing. The book is a collection of stories that Larry has developed over 30 years as the head of financial and economic research at Buckingham Wealth Partners to help investors. You can learn more about Larry’s Worst Investment Ever story on Ep645: Beware of Idiosyncratic Risks.Larry deeply understands the world of academic research and investing, especially risk. In this series, they conclude on the lessons from the book.Enrich Your Future: Larry’s Timeless Guide to Smarter InvestingIf you’ve ever wondered how to cut through the noise of investment hype and build a portfolio that actually works for you, Larry’s Enrich Your Future is the blueprint you’ve been looking for. Here’s a distilled look at the wisdom from his book.Start with core principlesLarry insists there are only a handful of fundamental truths in investing—and if you master them, you’ll avoid most costly mistakes:Markets are highly efficient – While not perfect, markets price assets so effectively that consistently beating them on a risk-adjusted basis is near impossible. So don’t engage in individual security selection or market timing.All risk assets offer similar risk-adjusted returns – Whether it’s US stocks, Thai stocks, or corporate bonds, the relationship between risk and return holds steady over time. Invest in assets based upon your ability, willingness, and need to take risks. If you’re willing to take more risk and have the ability and maybe the need to, then you can load up on more risky, higher expected-returning assets. It doesn’t mean they’re better assets; rather, they have higher expected returns at the cost of higher risk.Diversification is non-negotiable – Since all risk assets have similar risk-adjusted returns, it makes no sense to concentrate all of your risk in one basket. Concentrating your risk in a single asset class or geography is a recipe for trouble.Build a portfolio that fits YOUForget cookie-cutter solutions—Larry believes the “right” portfolio depends on three factors:Ability to take risk – Your financial capacity to weather market downturns is influenced by factors like investment horizon and job stability.Willingness to take risk – Your psychological comfort level with market volatility.Need to take risk – Whether you require high returns to meet your financial goals.Larry’s rule? Let the lowest of these three determine your equity exposure. If you don’t need to take big risks, don’t.Think global, but stay rationalA...

In this episode of Enrich Your Future, Andrew and Larry Swedroe discuss Larry’s new book, Enrich Your Future: The Keys to Successful Investing. In this series, they discuss Chapter 41: A Tale of Two Strategies and Chapter 42: How to Identify an Advisor You Can Trust.LEARNING: Passive investing is still the winner. If something is worth doing, it’s worth paying someone to do it for you.&nbsp;“A good wealth advisor helps you build a plan and choose the best investment vehicles that’ll give you the best chance of achieving your life and financial goals.”Larry Swedroe&nbsp;In this episode of Enrich Your Future, Andrew and Larry Swedroe discuss Larry’s new book, Enrich Your Future: The Keys to Successful Investing. The book is a collection of stories that Larry has developed over 30 years as the head of financial and economic research at Buckingham Wealth Partners to help investors. You can learn more about Larry’s Worst Investment Ever story on Ep645: Beware of Idiosyncratic Risks.Larry deeply understands the world of academic research and investing, especially risk. Today, Andrew and Larry discuss Chapter 41: A Tale of Two Strategies and Chapter 42: How to Identify an Advisor You Can Trust.Chapter 41: A Tale of Two StrategiesIn Chapter 41, Larry explains why investors who have implemented the types of passive strategies recommended in his book have experienced “the best of times.” On the other hand, for those who continue to play the game of active investing, it has generally been the “worst of times.”“It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.” Charles Dickens may have been writing about the French Revolution, but Larry observes that that line rings true for today’s investors, too. Depending on how you approach the market, your experience can feel like either a triumph or a disaster.If you’re betting on active management, it’s the worst of timesAccording to Larry, people who still believe in the promise of active fund managers as the winning strategy are likely to find themselves in the “season of Darkness.” Over the years, the ability of active managers to consistently outperform has dwindled significantly.You may be surprised to learn that in 1998, when Charles Ellis wrote his famous book “Winning the Loser’s Game”, about 20% of actively managed funds produced statistically significant returns after adjusting for risk. That figure was already discouraging.A later study in 2014 (Conviction in Equity Investing) found that the percentage of managers producing any net alpha had dropped from 20% in 1993 to just 1.6%.Larry reminds investors who are holding on to the hope that active management will deliver the goods that they are swimming against a strong current. The odds aren’t in their favour—and neither are the expenses.It’s the best of times for passive investorsIf you’ve embraced passive investing, it’s the best of times. The resounding success of this strategy, backed by a wealth of data and real-world results, should instill a strong sense of confidence in your investment decisions.For investors who believe that markets are efficient...

BIO: Pieter Slegers is the founder of Compounding Quality Newsletter. Pieter worked for three years as a Belgian asset manager before focusing full-time on his investment newsletter, Compounding Quality, in July 2022. Compounding Quality has over 1 million followers across social media and nearly 500,000 email subscribers. The goal of the newsletter is to help other investors by focusing on Quality Investing.STORY: At the age of 13, Peter convinced his parents to open a brokerage account. He picked the broker’s newest “hottest pick” stock—an oil/gas transport company. He invested everything, thinking the people running the company knew what they were doing. Weeks later, the 2008 financial crisis hit. Peter sold his stock after a year, taking a 60% loss.LEARNING: Small losses are better than catastrophic ones. Knowledge is your only edge.&nbsp;“People who invest in individual stocks will make mistakes. There’s no doubt about that, but it’s way better to make a mistake with a few hundred dollars compared to $100,000.”Pieter Slegers&nbsp;Guest profilePieter Slegers is the founder of Compounding Quality Newsletter. Pieter studied Financial Management at the KULeuven and graduated summa cum laude. He worked for three years as a Belgian asset manager before focusing full-time on his investment newsletter, Compounding Quality, in July 2022. Compounding Quality has over 1 million followers across social media and nearly 500,000 email subscribers. The goal of the newsletter is to help other investors by focusing on Quality Investing.Worst investment everAt the age of 13, Peter earned his first paycheck by stocking shelves at a supermarket. Eager to grow his savings, he persuaded his parents to open a brokerage account (a feat for minors in Belgium).Despite his lack of investing knowledge, he diligently explored his broker’s platform for ideas. A new stock caught his eye on the broker’s “hot picks” list—an oil/gas transport company. He invested all his earnings, believing in the company’s potential.Peter didn’t conduct any research, despite his limited knowledge of oil and gas and his complete lack of investing experience. He simply trusted the “hot pick”.The crashWeeks later, the 2008 financial crisis hit. Peter sold his stock after a year, taking a 60% loss. His family was not impressed by his poor investment skills and told him that investing was akin to gambling, and he should consider working for the government instead.Pieter felt like such a failure. However, that $300 loss was his best investment. It hurt, but it taught him never to follow others blindly.Lessons learnedSmall losses are better than catastrophic ones. Losing $300 at the age of 13 beats losing $300,000 when you’re 40. Early pain builds immunity to big mistakes.Knowledge is your only edge: If you don’t understand how a company makes money, you’re gambling, not investing.Failure fuels obsession. That loss made Pieter devour investing books, 10-Ks, and financial news. Pain became his mentor.Andrew’s takeawaysAllow young investors to make mistakes with small sums (e.g., companies they understand, such as Netflix or Coca-Cola).Humility beats hubris. 90% of professional investors at Goldman Sachs underperform. What makes you different? It’s your checklists, not confidence.Read biographies, study market history, and connect patterns. Wisdom compounds like interest.Actionable...

In this episode of Enrich Your Future, Andrew and Larry Swedroe discuss Larry’s new book, Enrich Your Future: The Keys to Successful Investing. In this series, they discuss Chapter 40: The Big Rocks.LEARNING: Passive investing will give you the freedom you need.&nbsp;“Indexing and passive investing have the ‘disadvantage’ of being boring. I admit it. However, if anyone needs to get their excitement in life from investing, I’d suggest they might want to consider getting another life.”Larry Swedroe&nbsp;In this episode of Enrich Your Future, Andrew and Larry Swedroe discuss Larry’s new book, Enrich Your Future: The Keys to Successful Investing. The book is a collection of stories that Larry has developed over 30 years as the head of financial and economic research at Buckingham Wealth Partners to help investors. You can learn more about Larry’s Worst Investment Ever story on Ep645: Beware of Idiosyncratic Risks.Larry deeply understands the world of academic research and investing, especially risk. Today, Andrew and Larry discuss Chapter 40: The Big Rocks.Chapter 40: The Big RocksIn Chapter 40, Larry explains why passive (systematic) investing is the winning strategy in life as well as investing.Like all the other chapters in the book, this one begins with a story used as an analogy to help understand a financial issue. In this one, a time-management expert fills a mason jar with large rocks. “Full?” she asks. The class agrees. She adds gravel, sand, and water – each filling the spaces between. When a student suggests the lesson is about fitting more into busy schedules, she corrects them:“If you don’t put the big rocks in first, they’ll never fit at all.”The investor’s jarLarry explains the metaphor’s profound implication for wealth:Big rocks = Family, health, growth, legacyGravel = Stock charts, earnings analysisSand = Financial news, market commentaryWater = Trading forums, portfolio tinkeringLarry explains that active investors start with gravel and sand, leaving insufficient time for the big rocks. They spend much of their precious leisure time watching the latest business news, studying the latest charts, scanning and posting on Internet investment discussion boards, reading financial trade publications and newsletters, and so on. Their jars fill with noise, leaving no room for life’s essentials.Passive investors, on the other hand, ignore the ”noise” (the sand, the gravel, and the water) and place big rocks first. Their strategy operates quietly, driven by low-cost index funds and disciplined rebalancing. The result? Their jars hold what truly enriches life, giving them a sense of freedom and independence.Two stories, one lesson1. The physician’s regretDuring the 1990s bull market, a doctor would spend nights analyzing stocks after 12-hour shifts. He turned $10,000 into $100,000 – but his marriage was on the verge of collapse. His wife no longer had a husband; his child lost a parent to the glow of stock charts. When the tech bubble burst, the money vanished.The wake-up call was brutal: He had traded first steps and bedtime stories for digits on a screen. After reading Larry’s book, he switched to passive investing, which...