Lactulose (Generlac)

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds" Generic Name lactulose Trade Name Kristalose Indication Constipation, portal-systemic encephalopathy Action draws water into the stool and softens stool, inhibits ammonia passing into the colon Therapeutic Class laxative Pharmacologic Class osmotic Nursing Considerations • use caution with DM • may cause cramps, abdominal distention, hyperglycemia • assess mental status, ammonia levels, abdominal distention • patient should average 2-3 bowel movements per day

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds" Generic Name ketorolac Trade Name Toradol Indication pain Action pain relief due to prostaglandin inhibition by blocking of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) Therapeutic Class nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, nonopioid analgesics Pharmacologic Class pyrroziline carboxylic acid Nursing Considerations • may cause GI bleeding, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, anaphylaxis, drowsiness • should not exceed 5 days of therapy • bleeding risk increased with garlic, ginger, and ginkgo • may decrease effectiveness of hypertensive medications and diuretics

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds" Generic Name isoniazide Trade Name INH Indication tuberculosis Action Inhibits synthesis of mycobacterial cell wall Therapeutic Class Antitubercular Pharmacologic Class none Nursing Considerations • can cause jaundice • may cause peripheral neuropathy, seizures, hepatitis • patient should avoid high amounts of tyramine (pickled meats, aged/smoked meats, alcohol, exotic/aged cheese) • monitor liver function tests • complete full course of therapy (6-12 months) • often used in combination with Rifampin

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds" Generic Name radioactive iodine Trade Name none Indication thyroidectomy pretreatment, thyrotoxic crisis, radiation exposure Action inhibits the release of thyroid hormones Therapeutic Class Antithyroid Agent, control of hyperthyroidism Pharmacologic Class none Nursing Considerations • may cause GI bleeding, diarrhea, hypothyroidism, goiter • monitor for hypersensitivity

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds" Generic Name Insulin Regular Trade Name Humulin R/Novolin R Indication hyperglycemia with diabetes type 1 and 2, diabetic ketoacidosis Action stimulates uptake of glucose into muscle and fat cells, inhibits production of glucose in the liver, prevents breakdown of fat and protein Route Onset Peak Duration Subcutaneous 30-45 min 1-5 4.5-6h   Therapeutic Class antidiabetics, hormones Pharmacologic Class pancreatics Nursing Considerations • assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia • monitor body weight over time • may cause decreased inorganic phosphates, potassium, and magnesium • monitor blood sugars every 6 hours, monitor A1C every 3-6 months

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds" Generic Name Aspart, Lispro, Glulisine Trade Name Novolog, Humalog, Apidra Indication hyperglycemia with diabetes type 1 and 2, diabetic ketoacidosis Action stimulates uptake of glucose into muscle and fat cells, inhibits production of glucose in the liver, prevents breakdown of fat and protein Route  Onset Peak Duration Aspart 10-20 min 1-3 hr 3-5 hr Glulisine 15 min 1 hr 2-4 hr Lispro 15 min 1-1.5 hr 3-4 hr Therapeutic Class antidiabetics, hormones Pharmacologic Class pancreatics Nursing Considerations • assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia • monitor body weight over time • may cause decreased inorganic phosphates, potassium, and magnesium • monitor blood sugars every 6 hours, monitor A1C every 3-6 months

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds" Generic Name Insulin detemir, Insulin glargine Trade Name Levemir, Lantus Indication hyperglycemia with diabetes type 1 and 2, diabetic ketoacidosis Action stimulates uptake of glucose into muscle and fat cells, inhibits production of glucose in the liver, prevents breakdown of fat and protein Route Onset Peak Duration Detemir 3-4 hr 3-14 hr 24 hr Glargine 3-4 hr none 24 hr   Therapeutic Class antidiabetics, hormones Pharmacologic Class pancreatics Nursing Considerations • assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia • monitor body weight over time • may cause decreased inorganic phosphates, potassium, and magnesium • monitor blood sugars every 6 hours, monitor A1C every 3-6 months

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds" Generic Name Insulin NPH Trade Name Humulin N, Novolin N Indication hyperglycemia with diabetes type 1 and 2, diabetic ketoacidosis Action stimulates uptake of glucose into muscle and fat cells, inhibits production of glucose in the liver, prevents breakdown of fat and protein Route Onset Peak Duration Subcutaneous 1-2 hr 4-12hr 18-24hr   Therapeutic Class antidiabetics, hormones Pharmacologic Class pancreatics Nursing Considerations • assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia • monitor body weight over time • may cause decreased inorganic phosphates, potassium, and magnesium • monitor blood sugars every 6 hours, monitor A1C every 3-6 months

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds" Generic Name indomethacin Trade Name Indocin Indication Inflammatory disorders when patients do not respond to other medications Action Decreases pain and inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis Therapeutic Class antirheumatics, ductus arteriosus patency adjuncts (IV only), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents Pharmacologic Class none Nursing Considerations • monitor for hepatitis and GI bleeding • monitor for dizziness, drowsiness, and headache • assess for anaphylactic reaction • aspirin may decrease effectiveness • monitor renal labs • shake suspension before administration • patient should wear sunscreen and protective clothing to protect against photosensitivity

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