2x Olympian Alex Toplyn: Honesty About Taking Too Much

Truth about steroids - The largest convicted steroid dealer in US history. Ryan is a biochemist, who tailored his degree, and the last 20 years of his life, to understanding and studying these compounds with over two decades of experience in the hormone industry. He discusses his story, problems with UGL and how steroids and the industry have changed in the last decade.Watch it: https://youtu.be/SsIC4dQQxyM?si=NpEjXAaDsykN2Wz2Join the Bodybuilding-friendly HRT Clinic - Get professional medical guidance on your health as a bodybuilder:[ Pharma Test, IGF1, Tesamorelin, Glutathione, BPC, Semaglutide, Var troche, etc]https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaPlease share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Huge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.comTimestamps:00:00 Intro  03:19 Biggest Fear of a Solo Podcaster  08:22 Ryan's Steroid Empire  08:50 Ryan Guiding People  10:00 Ryan's Early Life & Struggles  15:35 How Ryan Got into Studying Steroids  17:22 Ryan's First Source  19:33 Were Steroids Better Back Then?  22:52 How Ryan Got into Online Selling  29:54 Ryan's Business Model Back Then  33:27 Ryan's Routine When the Empire Was Rising  36:38 Helping People  38:49 Growing The Business  46:00 Reviews that Ryan Got  49:09 The Hardest Compound to Make  53:10 Making His Own Stuff  55:33 How Ryan Got Caught First  1:00:06 Operation Cyber Juice  1:07:55 Prison And People  1:12:42 Government's View on Substances Then vs Now  1:17:52 Politics Behind Steroids  1:26:46 Big Pharma, Lobbyists & Hidden Agendas  1:28:43 Testosterone is a Cure?  1:35:43 How Bad Science Shaped Public Perception  1:40:10 Different People, Different Results  1:42:58 Self-Centricity  1:49:34 Faking is Not Needed Anymore  1:53:49 Would Ryan Do It Again?  2:00:52 Keep it Simple  2:04:02 Do Lot of People Secretly Take PEDs? Ryan's View  2:05:43 Most Selling Compound After Test  2:07:15 Higher Doses, For Longer Time = Issues?  2:11:14 Heart Murmurs and Compounds  2:12:52 Preventing Hypogonadism  2:17:05 Prison Life  2:17:37 The Problem with The Justice System  2:20:33 Benzyl and Solvents in UGL Gear  2:23:40 The Final Question  2:25:17 The End  

2x Olympian, MP IFBB Pro, host of men’s physique radio, and owner of @manifest_competitionwear. A man with a firey passion for men’s physique https://youtu.be/H8rXvh5q0dQJoin the Bodybuilding-friendly HRT Clinic - Get professional medical guidance on your health as a bodybuilder:[ Pharma Test, IGF1, Tesamorelin, Glutathione, BPC, Semaglutide, Var troche, etc]https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaPlease share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Huge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.comTimestamps:00:00 - Intro 02:12 - Alex's Work-Life Balance, Then vs Now  04:11 - Smoking and Consequences  04:44 - How Alex Controlled Smoking  09:24 - Weed  11:23 - Controlling Testosterone Usage  14:46 - How Alex Got Into Bodybuilding  19:53 - Health Complications That Alex Experienced  23:23 - Competing and Off-Seasons of Alex  25:40 - Old School vs Modern Bodybuilding  31:05 - Alex's Fall  40:13 - Taking Off Phases  48:44 - More Receptors, More Gain  52:54 - Supplements and Medication to Keep Health in Check  59:02 - Importance of Patience in Bodybuilding  1:06:01 - How Alex Got Into Coaching  1:10:13 - Shizzy  1:10:51 - Natty vs Enhanced  1:20:04 - Audience Questions  1:23:19 - Alex Getting Healthy  1:28:57 - Intense Training  1:33:11 - Leaving the Day Job to Become a Coach & Entrepreneur  1:35:02 - Where Do You Store Your Syrup? (Joke)  1:37:47 - Mentality of a Bodybuilder  1:41:05 - Alex's First Cycle  1:43:13 - What Made Alex Get Into Bodybuilding  1:44:41 - Natty People vs Enhanced People  1:47:55 - The Ending Question  #podcast #mentalhealth #holistic #health #hrt #story #discipline #fitness #ifbbpro #npc #bodybuilder #bodybuilding #workout #gym #nutrition #physique #classic

3-in-1 Podcast Special. So much went wrong when trying to put this together. I appreciate you guys' patience for the extra time it took us to finally get this up.I respect any bodybuilder that has put in years of hard work, and is a good person to others. I commented some associated apologies and disclaimers on the YouTube video.Join the Bodybuilding-friendly HRT Clinic - Get professional medical guidance on your health as a bodybuilder:[ Pharma Test, IGF1, Tesamorelin, Glutathione, BPC, Semaglutide, Var troche, etc]https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaPlease share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Huge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.com00:00:00 - Intro00:07:00 - Jared's Personal Stories and Experiences00:09:14 - Different Opinions Around Tren00:13:42 - Jared's Experience With Lasix00:19:55 - Body Fat And It's Effect On Competing00:23:13 - How Jared's Journey Started00:29:30 - Training and Nutrition Tips00:34:34 - Jared's Experience In India00:35:04 - Anabolics' Uses & Downsides00:36:34 - Childhood Experiences and Uprising00:38:16 - Mental Health & Its Importance00:44:30 - Competing in Bodybuilding00:51:04 - Jared's future plans00:57:12 - Jared's Transformation Journey01:00:05 - Coaching Philosophy and Emotions01:03:35 - Kyle joins01:06:51 - Future Coaching Plans and Goals01:11:50 - How Kyle Met Nick01:15:33 - Kyle's Coaching With Matt01:25:00 - Nick Walker's Training Style Then vs. Now01:29:20 - Importance Of Change01:34:32 - Genetics Aspect Of Bodybuilding01:44:35 - How IFBB Focusing On Shape Affects01:50:23 - The State of Online Coaching01:52:57 - Coaching Dynamics and Pressure02:01:30 - Nutrition & Training Insights02:05:04 - Q&A with Kyle & Jared02:10:41 - Final Question With Jared02:12:26 - The Journey of a Bodybuilder02:20:00 - The FU Family02:21:15 - How Bodybuilding Started For Kyle02:33:25 - How Diet And Training Has Changed02:43:51 - PED's one has the most issues with02:52:00 - Taking too much gear02:55:17 - Potential of Anomalies Like Anton03:01:58 - Importance of Programming in Natural vs Enhanced03:08:45 - How Does It Feel To Coach Popular Clients03:17:45 - Ending Question #podcast #mentalhealth #holistic #health #hrt #story #discipline #fitness #ifbbpro #npc #bodybuilder #bodybuilding #workout #gym #nutrition #physique #classic

I apologize ahead of time. I don’t do many bro chats and lost a brain cell listening to my own episode here, so please take some things with a grain of salt. Roans a nice guy and I had a blast shooting the shit with him tho. Bros got an interesting perspective and I definitely got heated😂 Roan & I met at a Jubilee middle grounds video - steroids vs naturals. Join the Bodybuilding-friendly HRT Clinic - Get professional medical guidance on your health as a bodybuilder:[ Pharma Test, IGF1, Tesamorelin, Glutathione, BPC, Semaglutide, Var troche, etc]https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaPlease share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Huge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.com00:00:00 - Teaser & Intro00:06:01 - Relationship Dynamics in Fitness Circles00:09:47 - Roan's Origin Story00:22:47 - Steroid Philosophy Debate00:34:04 - Steroids. Change my life00:37:17 - Competition Prep Realities00:44:02 - How do you feel about Tren?00:45:50 - Training & Mental Health00:50:27 - Nyle's physique 00:51:10 - Industry Controversies00:54:49 - Can you win shows without Tren?01:13:51 - Roan’s Transformation Story01:26:51 - Supplementation Stack01:33:43 - Mental Health & Body Image01:39:11 - Psychedelics 01:45:23 - Worst cycle that you've ever taken? 01:50:42 - Let’s take about Pro Body Building02:08:16 - Listener Q&A Session02:22:15 - Future Goals#podcast #mentalhealth #holistic #health #hrt #story #discipline #fitness #ifbbpro #npc #bodybuilder #bodybuilding #workout #gym #nutrition #physique #classic

4x Olympian Bodybuilder, Registered Dietitian, Coach, Educator, & creator of J3 university - a place for learning evidence-based bodybuilding... I’ve been a fan of John’s content for a long time now.Join the Bodybuilding-friendly HRT Clinic - Get professional medical guidance on your health as a bodybuilder:[ Pharma Test, IGF1, Tesamorelin, Glutathione, BPC, Semaglutide, Var troche, etc]https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaPlease share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Huge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.com00:00:00 - Teaser & Intro 00:13:07 - Youth & Enhancements00:18:58 - Powerlifting records00:19:59 - When did you want to become an open bodybuilder?00:21:09 - When was the off-season you had the most growth?00:30:16 - Differences between open & classic bodybuilding00:33:56 - Body proportion00:56:02 - Insulin sensitivity01:05:46 - Superphysiological doses of GH01:09:31 - How do you keep your waist tight?01:18:04 - Organ growth01:25:12 - Training splits01:40:37 - Medium-state cardio01:42:00 - Last question

3x world-champion powerlifter, multiple all-time world record holding powerlifter, and strength, conditioning, and wellness director for the U.S. Army, adviser for the NFL, and contractor for the pentagon, and world-class coach and speakerThe percentage of training that should be around your weaknesses, tren and muscle tears, the best warm-up to have the strongest lifts and bulletproof joints, gear taken in tested federations, athletes that hardly responded to testosterone, how to bring up your weaknesses, the debate with Dr. Mike Israetel on fast eccentrics, and much much more.My Bodybuilding-friendly HRT Clinic:Get professional medical guidance on your health as a bodybuilder:[ Pharma Test, IGF1, Tesamorelin, Glutathione, BPC, Semaglutide, Var troche, etc]https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaPlease share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Huge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.com00:00:00 - Teaser & Intro00:01:45 - Wenning Warmup00:23:58 - Diversity of training exercises00:32:20 - Hamstring growth exercises00:35:43 - Dr. Mike debate00:38:01 - Traning with bands00:39:05 - Overhead press00:45:03 - Mike O'Hearn00:49:00 - Tren stories00:57:31 - What drives people to do bodybuilding & Powerlifting?01:04:11 - More vs Low Doses01:05:23 - Dumbest things athletes do with gear01:07:27 - Experience with PEDs01:19:21 - Colostrum01:21:53 - Q & A01:24:57 - Tested federation gear01:26:29 - Personal Training01:29:34 - Last rep weight01:31:58 - Bad protien01:39:30 - Last Question

 @TigerFitness   I remember watching Marc's videos when I was in high school. An og old school YouTuber in the game for 14+ years. We met on the middle grounds  @jubilee video recently - testosterone, gear use, and the evolution of the fitness industry over the last 10-20 years, how to create a fitness/bodybuilding empire from supplement companies and gyms, and so much more. My Bodybuilding-friendly HRT Clinic:Get professional medical guidance on your health as a bodybuilder:[ Pharma Test, IGF1, Tesamorelin, Glutathione, BPC, Semaglutide, Var troche, etc]https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaPlease share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Huge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.comTimestamps:00:00:00 - Teaser & Intro00:02:49 - Jubilee00:17:16 - Steroid Knowledge00:22:55 - What draws people towards bodybuilding?00:29:53 - Genetics00:39:46 - Fat shaming00:52:16 - How did you start out?01:00:32 - When did you start bodybuilding?01:07:34 - Turning unnatural01:12:01 - Halotestin01:20:03 - YouTube comments01:21:02 - Worst experience with PEDs01:36:07 - What makes you feel old?01:39:36 - Managing health markers01:42:08 - Supplements01:48:23 - Bro data01:52:43 - Cold plunge01:54:13 - Focus on the heath before gear02:03:25 - Secret to success02:09:35 - Q & A02:21:49 - Fast food diet02:24:38 - Last question

Host of the real bodybuilding podcast, open IFBB Pro, and 2015 Vancouver Pro Champion ‪@FouadAbiad‬My Bodybuilding-friendly HRT Clinic: Get professional medical guidance on your health as a bodybuilder: [ Pharma Test, IGF1, Tesamorelin, Glutathione, BPC, Semaglutide, Var troche, etc] https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaPlease share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Huge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.comTimestamps:00:00:00 - Intro & Teaser00:02:14 - Starting the podcast journey00:08:45 - Managing anxiety00:34:04 - PEDs and their impact on anxiety00:41:07 - Stories about "Mr. Jay"00:55:25 - Biggest mistake with PEDs and bodybuilding01:01:01 - Social media and bulking01:03:12 - Common mistakes when starting PEDs01:34:39 - Genetics discussion01:38:33 - Viewer Q&A01:40:55 - Dealing with imposter syndrome01:48:10 - Best workout and macro splits01:52:58 - Benefits of higher-fat diets01:56:41 - Making money as a bodybuilder02:11:47 - Favorite off-season protocol02:13:32 - Discussion on the biggest cycles02:27:51 - Plans for Detroit Pro02:36:37 - Final question

Durrah RETURNS for a part 2.  Mahamood Al Durrah, the knowledgeable IFBB Pro Olympian and coach with about 1.4 million subs on YouTubeWatch It: https://youtu.be/P-fEGpDbPjgPlease share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Pharma TRT, GH analogs, peptides, IGF-1, var troche, fat-loss/hair-loss treatments, etc | HRT Men's Health Optimization: https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaHuge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.comTimestamps:00:00:00 - Teaser & Intro00:04:57 - Dad cycle00:06:28 - What's your training regimen00:07:59 - What got you competing again?00:12:06 - Have you used minoxidil?00:23:14 - Adding dryers to the prep00:26:02 - Halotestin00:38:06 - What compound or protocol helped you get in your best condition during competition?00:39:58 - When was your last competition?00:45:33 - What's your biggest fear?00:47:43 - Rules to follow in a relationship00:49:05 - Andrew Tate's narrative00:53:42 - 6'5" trend00:55:09 - Togi00:56:48 - What's your craziest cycle?01:02:28 - has GH affected your structure?01:12:45 - Q & A01:17:00 - goal for 202501:20:14 - Real racing01:25:41 - How much Test can you take without AI and DHT blockers?01:35:24 - Basic peak week protocol

The co-founder of Muscle Nerds. He’s traveled the world teaching for Charles Poliquin, and has taught thousands of personal trainers and coaches how to get better at their craft over the past 13 years, including Ali Gilbert, who many of you are fans of. We discussed PED’s, Tren, high frequency training, U/L split, issues in bodybuilding, blood glucose and GDA’s, & so much more.Please share this episode if you liked it. To support the podcast, the best cost-free way is to subscribe and please rate the podcast 5* wherever you find your podcasts. Thanks for watching.To be part of any Q&A, follow trensparentpodcast or nylenayga on instagram and watch for Q&A prompts on the story  https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/Watch The Podcast:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqgN2kieCEHwZ9M-QFBxfCgPharma TRT, GH analogs, peptides, IGF-1, var troche, fat-loss/hair-loss treatments, etc | HRT Men's Health Optimization: https://transcendcompany.com/patient-intake-form/?ls=Nyle+NaygaHuge Supplements (Protein, Pre, Defend Cycle Support, Utilize GDA, Vital, Astragalus, Citrus Bergamot): https://www.hugesupplements.com/discount/NYLESupport code 'NYLE' 10% off - proceeds go towards upgrading content productionYoungLA Clothes: https://www.youngla.com/discount/nyleCode ‘NYLE’ to support the podcastLet's chat about the Podcast:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trensparentpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@transparentpodcastPersonalized Bodybuilding Program:  https://www.nylenaygafitness.comTimestamps:00:00:00 - Teaser & Intro00:02:58 - Crazy Ali00:03:48 - What got you into bodybuilding and PDEs?00:10:20 - Paul Barnett00:11:44: - Varsity Blues00:14:02 - What got you started with coaching? 00:27:21 - What's your worst tren experience?00:31:39 - Roid rage00:47:49 - Justin Harris00:54:15 - Halotestin01:05:59 - High-frequency training01:18:08 - isometric contraction01:20:56 - Vince Gironda EMG technique01:34:57 - Christopher Sommer01:48:36 - Balancing Intense Training with Recovery01:55:58 - Training Imbalances02:05:53 - Supraspinatus02:19:00 - Does GDA help prevent insulin resistance in the offseason?02:33:27 - Anti-Diabetic Medications02:40:23 - Last question