#118 - A Sleep Medication to Lower the Risk of Alzheimer's

Matt examines the critical link between sleep quality and Alzheimer’s pathology. He details the brain's "night shift" - the glymphatic system - which actively flushes out toxins like amyloid beta during deep sleep. Listeners learn how even a single night of deprivation can spike harmful tau levels by 50%, effectively accelerating brain aging.The discussion pivots to dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs), a drug class that quiets wakefulness rather than forcing sedation. Matt highlights research from Dr. Brendan Lucey and Dr. David Holtzman showing these agents may lower toxic proteins and preserve the hippocampus. Despite this therapeutic promise, he emphasizes that natural sleep remains the ultimate gold standard for neuroprotection.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.One of this week's sponsors, LMNT, offers a science-based electrolyte drink with no sugar or artificial ingredients. Try their new limited-time Lemonade Salt flavor, available May 20th! Get eight free sample packs with any order at drinklmnt.com/mattwalker. Stock up on this summer flavor while it lasts!Another sponsor, Shopify, made launching Matt's merchandise incredibly smooth with its integrated sales system. Shopify simplifies everything from online stores to in-person sales. Start your exclusive trial and see for yourself at shopify.com/mattwalker.Craving more energy, better metabolism, and immunity? Discover Pique's Nandaka, a ceremonial cacao superfood blend for calm, sustained energy without the crash. Thanks to this wonderful podcast partner, you can now get 20% off for life at piquelife.com/mattwalker using code MattWalker.As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out to Matt:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA3FB1fOtY4Vd8yqLaUvolg

In this latest AMA episode, Matt and Dr. Eti Ben Simon explore the complex web connecting sleep to our health and daily lives. They investigate the gut-brain axis, discussing how sleep deprivation alters the microbiome and whether probiotics can restore balance. The conversation also addresses the heavy toll of bereavement, examining the bidirectional link between acute grief and insomnia while offering evidence-based strategies to manage sleep during times of loss.The discussion shifts to creativity, revealing how REM sleep acts as "informational alchemy" to fuel innovation for artists and scientists alike. Matt and Eti share practical tips for harnessing sleep for breakthroughs, including Edison's famous napping technique. Finally, they cover the dangers of microsleeps - brief, uncontrollable lapses in attention - highlighting the risks of drowsy driving and how emerging technology can help save lives.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.Podcast partner, AG1, is one that Matt relies upon for his foundational nutrition. Their new science-backed Next Gen formula features upgraded probiotics, vitamins, and minerals. Start your subscription today to get a FREE bottle of Vitamin D3+K2 and 5 free travel packs with your first order at drinkag1.com/mattwalker.In a supplement industry where trust is critical, Matt uses podcast supporter Puori. Their protein powders are free from hormones, GMOs, and pesticides, with every single batch third-party tested for over 200 contaminants. For protein you can trust, save 20% at puori.com/mattwalker.Another sponsor is UPLIFT Desk whose V3 Standing Desk helps boost circulation and concentration with a sturdy, customizable design that gets you moving while you work. Visit upliftdesk.com/walker and use code WALKER for 4 free accessories and a 15-year warranty.As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out to Matt:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA3FB1fOtY4Vd8yqLaUvolgEti: X @etoosh, Instagram https://www.instagram.com/eti_bensimon/,  or email at [email protected]

Matt confronts the systemic failure of sleep deprivation, examining its impact on our biological machinery. When sleep is short, the body's "fuel gauge" dips, impairing mitochondrial function and glucose tolerance. However, he highlights compelling research on two interventions - creatine supplementation and high-intensity interval training. These act as backup generators, offering a physiological buffer to preserve metabolic and executive functions when rest is unavoidably restricted.The episode explores how creatine serves as a "quick charge" battery for the brain, regenerating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to sustain processing speed. Matt also details how high-intensity exercise services the body's engine, mitigating drops in glucose tolerance. Ultimately, he frames these tools as "sandbags against a rising tide" - vital for weathering the storm of sleeplessness, yet unable to replace the holistic, restorative power of sleep itself.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.One of this week's sponsors, LMNT, offers a science-based electrolyte drink with no sugar or artificial ingredients. Try their new limited-time Lemonade Salt flavor! Get eight free sample packs with any order at drinklmnt.com/mattwalker. Stock up on this summer flavor while it lasts!As a huge supporter of mission-driven companies, Matt recommends new partner Branch Basics. Their plant- and mineral-based ‘The Concentrate’ is tough on kitchen grease yet gentle enough for baby toys, helping you create a toxin-free home. Get 15% off with code MattWalker at branchbasics.com/mattwalker.Another sponsor, David, is a revolutionary new protein bar developed with Dr. Peter Attia. It boasts an unbeatable ratio: 28g of protein and 0g of sugar in just 150 calories. Incredibly satiating with six amazing flavors, it’s perfect for muscle health. Visit davidprotein.com/mattwalker and buy 4 cartons to get a 5th FREE!As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube https://www.youtube.com/@sleepdiplomatmattwalker9299The 4 Macros of Sleep Free Assessment: qqrt.org 

Matt ventures into the realm of 40 Hz "gamma" rhythms - the conductor of the biological orchestra during high-order cognition - to explore how non-invasive light and sound stimulation can entrain brain activity, nudging neurons into synchrony. Crucially, Matt examines ground-breaking Alzheimer’s research where this rhythm rallies the brain's immune cells to clear toxic plaques, potentially stabilizing memory and preventing atrophy in early-stage patients.Beyond cognition, Matt uncovers a neurobiological paradox: high-frequency stimulation can actually induce sleepiness by triggering a surge in adenosine. He discusses findings suggesting 40 Hz therapy acts as a "paradoxical lullaby," improving insomnia and regulating mood via the prefrontal cortex. While remaining grounded in scientific skepticism, Matt considers if this non-pharmacological intervention could become a vital addition to our future health toolkit.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.This episode is supported by podcast partner Pique. Their Radiant Skin Duo pairs Sun Goddess Matcha and B·T Fountain to target stress and deep cellular hydration from the inside out. Get 20% off sitewide for life plus an exclusive free holiday bundle at piquelife.com/mattwalker.In a supplement industry where trust is critical, Matt uses podcast sponsor Puori. Their protein powders are free from hormones, GMOs, and pesticides, with every single batch third-party tested for over 200 contaminants. For protein you can trust, save 20% at puori.com/mattwalker.Another sponsor is UPLIFT Desk whose V3 Standing Desk helps boost circulation and concentration with a sturdy, customizable design that gets you moving while you work. Visit upliftdesk.com/mattwalker and use code MATTWALKER for 4 free accessories and a 15-year warranty.As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out to Matt:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA3FB1fOtY4Vd8yqLaUvolg

The counterintuitive use of sleep deprivation as a rapid treatment for major depression finds itself squarely in Matt’s spotlight today. He begins by discussing its origins in the 1970s, where one night of wakefulness induced temporary remission in 40-60% of patients, and goes on to note that this effect is fragile, with an 83% relapse rate after recovery sleep, pointing to a paradox where sleep itself may be depressogenic for some.Matt reviews the neuroscientific explanations, including the "overarousal hypothesis," which suggests the therapy works by calming hyperactive brain regions like the amygdala. The episode also covers chronotherapy's role in extending these benefits before presenting a modern conundrum: a 2022 meta-analysis that challenges the standalone efficacy of sleep deprivation, pitting decades of clinical observation against rigorous scientific review. This sets the stage for a scientific reckoning, where the dream of a fast-acting cure confronts the sobering reality of modern evidence.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.As a huge supporter of mission-driven companies, Matt recommends new partner Branch Basics. Their plant- and mineral-based ‘The Concentrate’ is tough on kitchen grease yet gentle enough for baby toys, helping you create a toxin-free home. Get 15% off with code MattWalker at branchbasics.com/mattwalker.Another sponsor, Shopify, made launching Matt's merchandise incredibly smooth with its integrated sales system. Shopify simplifies everything from online stores to in-person sales. Start your exclusive trial and see for yourself at shopify.com/mattwalker.A third sponsor this week, LMNT, offers a science-based electrolyte drink with no sugar or artificial ingredients. Try their new limited-time Lemonade Salt flavor, available May 20th! Get eight free sample packs with any order at drinklmnt.com/mattwalker. Stock up on this summer flavor while it lasts!As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out to Matt:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube https://www.youtube.com/@sleepdiplomatmattwalker9299

Matt delves into Heart Rate Variability (HRV), the subtle variation in timing between each heartbeat. He explains that a healthy heart is like a "jazz drummer," not a rigid metronome, and a higher HRV reflects a resilient body that can adeptly balance its stress and rest systems. This episode unpacks the science behind HRV and explores the actionable strategies you can employ to improve this critical marker of your overall health.Matt then explores the key lifestyle factors that significantly influence your HRV. He highlights sleep as the most powerful tool for nightly recalibration, explaining how even moderate sleep loss can suppress HRV. The discussion also covers how exercise, especially HIIT, boosts adaptability, and how stress management techniques can calm the system's "static noise." Finally, he touches on the importance of a consistent circadian rhythm and avoiding substances like alcohol to protect your heart’s healthy variability.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.Craving more energy, better metabolism, and immunity? Discover Pique's Nandaka, a ceremonial cacao superfood blend for calm, sustained energy without the crash. Thanks to this wonderful podcast partner, you can now get 20% off for life at pique.com/mattwalker using code MattWalker.In a supplement industry where trust is critical, Matt uses podcast supporter Puori. Their protein powders are free from hormones, GMOs, and pesticides, with every single batch third-party tested for over 200 contaminants. For protein you can trust, save 20% at puori.com/mattwalker.Another partner, AG1, is one that Matt relies upon for his foundational nutrition. Their new science-backed Next Gen formula features upgraded probiotics, vitamins, and minerals. Start your subscription today to get a FREE bottle of Vitamin D3+K2 and 5 free travel packs with your first order at drinkag1.com/mattwalker.As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out to Matt:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA3FB1fOtY4Vd8yqLaUvolg

Diving into the controversial world of Modafinil, the "all-nighter in a pill", Matt begins with the story of Olympic sprinters using the narcolepsy drug as a loophole for a competitive edge. He then unpacks the science of how Modafinil affects brain chemistry to boost wakefulness and cognition, tracing its evolution from a medical treatment to a performance enhancer for the military, Wall Street, and students, all attempting to push human limits by cheating sleep.Despite its potent effects, Modafinil carries significant risks and ethical dilemmas. Matt discusses its side effects, potential for psychological dependency, and the unknowns of long-term use. The episode examines complex questions of fairness and the potential for "cognitive inequality." Ultimately, Matt argues that while the drug masks fatigue, it cannot replace the vital restorative functions of natural sleep. The "sleep debt" must eventually be repaid, as true well-being depends on this biological necessity, not a pill.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.One of this week's sponsors, LMNT, offers a science-based electrolyte drink with no sugar or artificial ingredients. Try their new limited-time Lemonade Salt flavor, available May 20th! Get eight free sample packs with any order at drinklmnt.com/mattwalker. Stock up on this summer flavor while it lasts!Another sponsor, David, is a revolutionary new protein bar developed with Dr. Peter Attia. It boasts an unbeatable ratio: 28g of protein and 0g of sugar in just 150 calories. Incredibly satiating with six amazing flavors, it’s perfect for muscle health. Visit davidprotein.com/mattwalker and buy 4 cartons to get a 5th FREE!As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube https://www.youtube.com/@sleepdiplomatmattwalker9299

Matt explores the fascinating world of synesthesia today, challenging the notion that it's a rare quirk by proposing a bold claim: in subtle ways, we are all synesthetes. This idea is powerfully demonstrated by the famous "Bouba/Kiki" test, which reveals our brain's innate tendency to connect abstract shapes and sounds. The episode argues that this fundamental cross-wiring is not a mere curiosity but the very operating system for human thought, shaping everything from our metaphors to the development of language itself.The journey continues by exploring how these sensory perceptions can be programmed externally, as shown in a remarkable study linking synesthetes' color associations to a popular Fisher-Price toy. Matt also discusses the cognitive superpowers that can accompany synesthesia, like superior memory, and its profound connection to autism. Ultimately, the episode illuminates how everyday phrases like "feeling blue" are not just figures of speech, but echoes of the synesthetic software running in all our brains, constantly mixing senses to build our unique perception of reality.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.Craving more energy, better metabolism, and immunity? Discover Pique's Nandaka, a ceremonial cacao superfood blend for calm, sustained energy without the crash. Thanks to this wonderful podcast partner, you can now get 20% off for life at pique.com/mattwalker using code MattWalker.In a supplement industry where trust is critical, Matt uses podcast supporter Puori. Their protein powders are free from hormones, GMOs, and pesticides, with every single batch third-party tested for over 200 contaminants. For protein you can trust, save 20% at puori.com/mattwalker.Podcast partner UPLIFT Desk helps Matt combat the drain of sitting all day. By making it easy to switch between sitting and standing, he stays active and focused, boosting his energy and wellbeing. You can enjoy these many benefits, too, by visiting upliftdesk.com/MATTWALKER and using code MATTWALKER for a special discount and free accessories.As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out to Matt:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA3FB1fOtY4Vd8yqLaUvolg

Framing sleep not as a biological necessity, but as a critical economic asset, Matt reveals that sleep deprivation costs the U.S. economy up to $411 billion annually, with billions more lost globally. These costs stem from lost workplace productivity, severe cognitive impairment equivalent to intoxication, and massive strains on healthcare and public safety systems due to chronic disease and accidents like drowsy driving.Matt provides the solution: investing in sleep as a powerful economic stimulus. Modest improvements in sleep duration could inject hundreds of billions back into the economy, with corporate sleep programs and insomnia treatments showing remarkable returns on investment. On a personal level, adequate sleep is directly linked to higher lifetime earnings and better financial decisions. The episode ultimately reframes sleep as a crucial economic investment for both personal and societal prosperity, not a sacrifice of productivity.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.As a huge supporter of mission-driven companies, Matt recommends new partner Branch Basics. Their plant- and mineral-based ‘The Concentrate’ is tough on kitchen grease yet gentle enough for baby toys, helping you create a toxin-free home. Get 15% off with code MattWalker at branchbasics.com/mattwalker.Another of this week's sponsors, LMNT, offers a science-based electrolyte drink with no sugar or artificial ingredients. Try their new limited-time Lemonade Salt flavor, available May 20th! Get eight free sample packs with any order at drinklmnt.com/mattwalker. Stock up on this summer flavor while it lasts!As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out to Matt:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA3FB1fOtY4Vd8yqLaUvolg

In this user's guide to sleep trackers, learn the science behind how they work using motion and optical sensors as Matt explains the key metrics of Sensitivity, Specificity, and Accuracy. Revealing why most trackers overestimate sleep by failing to detect wakefulness, he reveals the crucial difference between a device's flawed "absolute accuracy" and its more valuable "relative accuracy," which highlights the importance of tracking long-term trends over single-night scores.Matt goes on to examine peer-reviewed data on the Oura Ring, Apple Watch, and Whoop, and introduces the highly accurate, FDA-cleared Happy Ring with its personalized algorithm. Beyond the specs, learn why consistency and form factor are more important than chasing perfect accuracy. The episode also covers the pitfalls of tracking, from the anxiety of "Orthosomnia" to demographic biases in sensor tech, providing a complete guide to choosing and using your device effectively.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.Podcast partner, AG1, is one that Matt relies upon for his foundational nutrition. Their new science-backed Next Gen formula features upgraded probiotics, vitamins, and minerals. Start your subscription today to get a FREE bottle of Vitamin D3+K2 and 5 free travel packs with your first order at drinkag1.com/mattwalker.Another sponsor, Shopify, made launching Matt's merchandise incredibly smooth with its integrated sales system. Shopify simplifies everything from online stores to in-person sales. Start your exclusive trial and see for yourself at shopify.com/mattwalker.In a supplement industry where trust is critical, Matt uses podcast partner Puori. Their protein powders are free from hormones, GMOs, and pesticides, with every single batch third-party tested for over 200 contaminants. For protein you can trust, save 20% at puori.com/mattwalker.As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you’d like to share, please reach out to Matt:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA3FB1fOtY4Vd8yqLaUvolg