The Tamil Nadu way: How to reverse India's creeping centralisation

Ashok Vardhan Shetty is one of the three members of the Justice Kurian Joseph Committee, appointed by the DMK government headed by Chief Minister M.K. Stalin to study Union–State relations. The committee recently submitted Part 1 of its report to the Chief Minister, who has since tabled it in the Tamil Nadu Assembly.  Tamil Nadu has historically been very vocal about issues such as decentralisation, state autonomy and federalism. As early as 1969, the late Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi appointed the Justice Rajamannar Committee to examine the relationship between the Centre and the States.  Against this backdrop, we speak to Mr. Shetty understand the recommendations and ideas presented in the report.    Guest: Ashok Vardhan Shetty, Fomer IAS, Member of Justice Kurian Joseph High-Level Committed on Union-State Relations  Host: Bhagavathi Sampath K J  Edited and produced by Sharmada Venkatasubramanian  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Gold usually rises during geopolitical crises, but this time, it’s falling. Why? In this episode of In Focus, we unpack what’s driving the recent drop in gold prices, from shifting interest rate expectations and a stronger U.S. dollar to liquidity pressures in global markets. Has gold lost its safe-haven appeal, or is this just a temporary price correction after years of growth? Here we discuss the question. Guest: Kavita Chacko, Research Head for India at the World Gold Council and B. Bhagwan Das, Former associate professor of Economics at Loyola College, Chennai Host: Areena Arora Producer: Shiksha Jural Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Earlier this month, Prime Minister Modi highlighted the growing importance of the care economy – a rising demand for caregivers globally and an opportunity to train and skill young people to meet this demand. India stands at a unique position here – despite having the largest youth population in the world, it is also a rapidly ageing country. Estimates indicate that by 2050, we will have over 300 million people aged over 60. With this, will come an increasing number of medical conditions related to old age. The question now is, do we have the health and care resources to cater to these growing population segment? Do we have enough geriatricians? Does our medical curriculum focus enough on geriatric medicine? Do we have adequate community care-based systems to take care of our senior citizens? Guest: Dr Arvind Kasthuri, Head of Unit, St John's Geriatric Centre and Professor, Department of Community Health, St John's Medical College, Bengaluru Host: Zubeda Hamid Edited by Sharmada Venkatasubramanian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Supreme Court’s recent verdict in the case of Harish Rana, allowing for the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, as the 32-year-old had been in a persistent vegetative state for over a decade is a landmark judgement. It builds upon the framework of the Court’s own 2018 Constitution Bench guidelines, and it upheld the right to die with dignity. Following this, there has been a lot of discussion about advanced medical directives or living wills, documents in which people can set out how they would like to be cared for, in the event of a terminal illness or in a situation where they cannot decide for themselves. So, what exactly is a living will? What do you need to do before you make one? And how do you go about making one? Guest: Dr M R Rajagopal, chairman Emeritus of Pallium India and Adjunct Professor of Global Oncology, Queen’s University, Canada Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Last week, in a ruling on maternity leave for adoptive and surrogate mothers, the Supreme Court called on the Union government to examine the need for a formal law recognising paternity leave for all fathers, adoptive or biological. It noted that though parenthood is not a solitary function, fathers are often relegated to the periphery of their children’s lives, especially in infancy and early childhood, The Court termed this “a kind of injustice”. Should men be given paternity leave? Here, we discuss the question. Guests: Professor Ashwini Deshpande, who heads the Economics Department at Ashoka University, specialising in development economics, including gender and labour issuesSanjoy Ghose, a senior advocate at the Supreme Court of India with extensive experience in labour law.  Host: Priscilla Jebaraj Edited by Jude Weston Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

With the 2026 FIFA World Cup just months away, an escalating war in West Asia has put FIFA in an unprecedented bind. With co-host United States directly involved in the conflict, uncertainty now surrounds the participation of the Iran national football team. Iran’s request to move its matches to Mexico underlines how deeply geopolitics is beginning to affect the tournament. If Iran is forced to withdraw, it would be the first such instance since 1950, raising serious questions about precedent, fairness and the limits of sporting neutrality. In this episode of In Focus, we examine what this means for FIFA, the host nations and the World Cup itself. Guest: Vijay Lokapally, veteran sports journalist Host: Reuben Joe Joseph Producer: Jude Weston Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Donald Trump’s five-day pause on striking Iran’s energy infrastructure does appear like a tactical U-turn—but not a full reversal. Just days after issuing a 48-hour ultimatum, he cited “productive” talks and stepped back, signalling possible de-escalation. However, U.S. attacks on other Iranian military targets continue, suggesting this is a limited pause rather than a policy shift. Guest: Stanly Johny, International Affairs Editor, The Hindu Host: Smriti Sudesh Edited and produced by Sharmada VenkatasubramanianCamera: Thamodharan B Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

As the Iran–Israel conflict intensifies, a deeper question emerges: can the United States and its allies sustain this war? In this episode, The Hindu’s data team examines the hidden economics and industrial limits behind modern warfare. From the cost mismatch between Iranian drones and U.S. interceptor missiles, to the strain on American stockpiles, the numbers tell a story of a conflict that may be harder to sustain than it appears. Are U.S. weapons systems being used faster than they can be replaced? And could these vulnerabilities have wider geopolitical consequences, especially with China controlling key resources used in missile production? Host: Nitika Francis Guest: Air Marshal Ravi Kapoor (Retd.), former AOC-in-C of the Indian Air Force’s Central Air Command, to unpack the data, the strategy, and the risks ahead. Producer: Jude Weston Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The war in West Asia has now entered its fourth week. US and Israel have continued their aerial bombings of Iran, and Iran’s retaliatory attacks on Israel and the GCC countries are ongoing.  This is a war of choice for US and Israel, but a war of survival for Iran. So far, much of the commentary on the conflict has been coming from Western sources – and even in India, it’s largely been from the perspective of energy security – India’s and everyone else’s.  In this podcast, we try and understand the conflict at the level of the people, the situation, the mood, and the thinking within Iran – as it endures daily, and unrelenting, attacks on civilians, civilian infrastructure, and political assassinations. Also, how can India secure safe passage of its vessels through the Strait of Hormuz?  Guest: Mehdi Razmahang, Assistant Professor with the Parliamentary Research Center of Iran Host: G. Sampath Edited and produced by Sharmada Venkatasubramanian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Transgender Persons Amendment Bill 2026 has sparked nationwide protests and a constitutional debate. In this exclusive interview, Kalki Subramaniam, Southern Regional Representative of the National Council for Transgender Persons, reveals how the Union Government drafted these changes without consulting the council itself. We dissect the "red flags" of the amendment—from the removal of self-identification in favor of mandatory medical exams to the disproportionate sentencing for crimes against the community. Kalki explains how these regressive changes ignore the realities of poverty and healthcare access, effectively stripping away rights granted by the landmark NALSA judgment.From the exclusion of trans men to the "symbolic" nature of current policy-making, this discussion covers why Kalki is prepared to resign if this bill becomes law and her urgent plea to Members of Parliament to reject it. Guest: Kalki Subramaniam, Southern Regional Representative of the National Council for Transgender Persons. Host: Ragavi M Edited and produced by Ragavi M and Sharmada Venkatasubramanian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices