Interview #86 Carter Huffman, CTO of Modulate

Johan Land, Chief Product Officer at Samsara, breaks down why every major AI lab crowded into the easy 90% of knowledge work while ignoring the 40% of the economy that is physical and the 80% of workers who never sit at a desk. He explains why intelligence on a battery budget has to live on the edge - collision warnings fire in milliseconds, making GenAI's hundreds of milliseconds of latency unthinkable behind the wheel - while the heavy pattern-spotting waits for the backend. Johan also dives into why the era of dashboards is over, describing an agent that calls a drowsy driver over the in-cab camera to talk him into a coffee break, and why coverage across 99% of US roads beats a robotaxi fleet's high-resolution sensors. Finally, he argues frontline augmentation lasts indefinitely, since a delivery that navigates the dog and sets down the package is far messier than driving the van autonomously. This episode contains sponsored content.

Ketan Karkhanis, CEO of ThoughtSpot, breaks down why two decades of self-service BI was a hoax that only handed everyone the right to build their own dashboards, leaving companies sitting on 50,000 of them with no idea what to do. He explains why the industry's shortcut of bolting a language model onto your data and letting it write the SQL is doomed: analytics are deterministic while AI is probabilistic, so the same churn question comes back three different ways and a frontier model on a warehouse lands near 50 to 70% accuracy, a hit rate no other enterprise function could call a product. Ketan also digs into why legacy vendors are just repainting 20-year-old tech with AI, and why he runs agents that own a function rather than a task, like one that approves NDAs end to end and escalates only the 5% it can't. Finally, he shares why the analyst clinging to dashboards goes extinct while the one who becomes the "AI steward" of governed data wins, as data teams shift from serving humans to serving agents. This episode contains sponsored content.

TVN Reddy, CEO of Aptean, breaks down why the entire software industry is selling "bigger is better" AI while the real goal is the opposite: people spending 80% less time in systems and more time doing the work that actually drives the business. He explains why general purpose models hand every competitor the same 95% while the deep vertical 5% drives the outsized gains, why enterprise AI is unusable past roughly a half percent error rate, and why validation agents beat the instinct to hire three people to check the AI's work. TVN also digs into the quiet security crisis of employees pasting P&Ls and proprietary recipes into public LLMs that never had training turned off, and why agents bolted onto generic models won't scale without truly vertical models underneath. Finally, he shares why the winners won't be the companies with the hottest models but the ones with the courage to re-engineer their processes, because every big technology removes old constraints only to create new ones. This episode contains sponsored content.

Bill Franks, President of Analytics Advisory Partners, breaks down why a degree no longer proves much and employers now hire on what you can show, not what you know. He explains the pipeline trap companies are walking into - handing every junior, tactical task to AI the way firms offshored it back in 2000, then finding no one qualified to step into the senior roles - and argues teams should deliberately do one in ten tasks by hand just to keep their skills sharp. Bill also digs into the boring physical limits that could throttle AI long before the algorithms do, from power and water to grids so backed up that wiring a data center now takes longer than building it. Finally, he unpacks model collapse, where models trained on AI output slowly degrade until the only fix may be retraining on human content from 2022 or earlier. This episode contains sponsored content.

Vishnu Hari, CEO of Ego AI, breaks down why the labs with billions in compute missed the product hiding in plain sight: character AI quietly tops every consumer retention leaderboard while the serious labs write it off as a sideshow. He argues humanness itself is the hard problem - dangerous, uncontrollable, and unchained - so the giants retreat to safe coding agents and ship characters that collapse into therapy or role-play because they never actually live lives. Vishnu takes apart the memory paradox (an agent that remembers everything is unusable; one that remembers nothing is forgettable) and points to the Nemesis system in Shadow of Mordor, a feature so good Warner Bros trademarked it, as proof you can build real relationships without superintelligence. He also gets into the edges no one wants to touch: who inherits the AI you've talked to for a decade, and why the new "I'm not human" disclosure laws are pure theater. This episode contains sponsored content.

Carter Huffman, CTO of Modulate, breaks down why voice AI keeps failing in production despite years of "solved" transcription claims. He explains the "transcript trap" that fools dev teams into shipping voice agents that crumble on real calls, why bigger language models actually make latency worse, and how ensemble approaches with smaller specialized models outperform monolithic systems. Carter also dives into the explosion of deepfake voice fraud - including the $25M Hong Kong heist - and why passive monitoring plus red teaming are now essential to a modern voice security stack. Finally, he shares why even Gen Z still defaults to voice for high-stakes issues, and what contact centers must get right over the next three years to build genuine trust with callers. This episode contains sponsored content.

Join Babak Hodjat, Chief AI Officer at Cognizant, as he unpacks what's actually happening at the cutting edge of agentic AI — from agents that run continuously without being asked, to the governance crisis quietly unfolding inside enterprises right now. Babak draws on decades of AI research to break down multi-agent architecture, the TerraLingua experiment that let AI agents form their own societies, and a breakthrough in evolutionary fine-tuning that could change how the entire industry thinks about customizing large language models. This episode contains sponsored content.

Join Hagay Lupesko, SVP of AI Inference at Cerebras Systems, for a deep dive into the rapidly evolving world of AI inference. Hagay breaks down why inference has overtaken training as the dominant AI workload, how Cerebras' wafer-scale chip architecture delivers 10-20x faster performance than NVIDIA GPUs, and why CUDA is no longer the moat many think it is. He also covers how DeepSeek wiping $600 billion off NVIDIA's market cap in a single day was both a foundational and deeply misunderstood moment for the industry, the growing energy crisis in AI infrastructure, and what it will take to support the explosive rise of AI agents in the enterprise. This episode contains sponsored content.

Join Shiva Pillay, SVP and General Manager of Veeam Americas, as he discusses why 80-90% of AI projects fail due to fundamental data issues, revealing that enterprises are attempting to feed AI models with fragmented, poorly governed, and inconsistently labeled data that was never designed for AI consumption in the first place. Pillay explains the dangerous disconnect between C-suite executives confident in their AI-ready initiatives and SMEs still struggling in pilot mode, warning that without proper guardrails, AI errors propagate exponentially faster than human errors with potentially catastrophic consequences from faulty manufacturing parts to compliance violations in regulated industries. Drawing from Veeam's acquisition of Securiti AI, he introduces the concept of data command graph as critical infrastructure for AI resilience, arguing that data protection, recoverability, and visibility must be embedded directly into the AI stack rather than treated as underlying infrastructure, while emphasizing that as agentic AI systems gain autonomy, the existential question shifts from what can AI do to what is it allowed to do. This episode contains sponsored content.

Out of 7 million podcasts on Spotify, The Artificial Intelligence Podcast achieved top 2% Most Shared, top 9% Most Talked About, and top 7% listener retention in 2025. In this year-end review episode, Dr. Tony Hoang reflects on interviewing 80+ enterprise leaders from Microsoft, Intel, NVIDIA, and Fortune 500 companies, while previewing 2026's bigger AI guests, deeper enterprise AI case studies, and exciting new distribution opportunities. Our community of AI executives and tech leaders doesn't just listen- you implement AI strategies, share insights with teams, and drive digital transformation in your organizations. Want to sponsor the fastest-growing enterprise AI podcast? Visit tonyphoang.com to explore strategic partnerships for 2026. This episode contains sponsored content.