Knotted Leaders, Furled Leaders, Braided Leaders—and Favorite Knots, with Brian Flechsig

I've wanted to get Brian Flechsig of Mad River Outfitters [49:59] on the podcast for quite a while and we finally made it happen. Brian is the star of many great YouTube videos and he loves to get into the details of tackle rigging. He's a knotted leader expert and he explains his simple three-part system for tying saltwater and bass leaders. He also talks about his use of furled leaders and the now-extinct Orvis Braided Leaders. Brian and I also discuss our favorite knots and a philosophy for choosing your own knots—always a hot topic.    In the Fly Box this week we have these questions and tips: When does it make more sense to modify a fly instead of changing flies? If you don't see any bug activity, can you still catch fish on dry flies? Why would you ever use a strike indicator when you can use a dry dropper rig? I live on a trout stream that hardly anyone else fishes. How long should I rest the river in between trips?  Will the fish move out if I fish it too hard? I saw a bunch of dead and struggling rainbows in the shallows. What do you think caused this? How can I get my Comparaduns to fan out when I tie them? When wouldn't you substitute CDC, rabbit's foot, or a synthetic when tying Comparaduns? What are your thoughts on winding foam around a hook to make flies float better? What is your favorite cricket pattern? If modern graphite rods are so stiff, why design a 5-weight rod that is really a 6-weight? How should I orient my rod when I cast to make sure I take advantage of the spine properly? I have heard that you should fish a small stream downstream so the fish doesn't see your fly line. Is this correct? A tip from a listener on how to keep fly boxes dry when wading deep. Do you ever take backpacking/fishing trips?

You can catch salmon and steelhead on a fly in salt water before they enter rivers. The fish are bright and strong and may still be actively feeding but the problem is to find them in a big expanse of water. Reed Teuscher [41:01] of the Orvis Outfitters team tells us where to look for them, how to present the fly, what kinds of rods and lines you need—and of course what fly patterns seem to work best.   In the Fly Box this week we have these questions and more: How can I keep my dropper from twisting around the leader when Euro nymphing? What kinds of flies are banned and why? If I only fish a few days a year, how long will my fly lines last? Do guides tell Tom "set!" when he fishes with them? And do they tell him where to put his flies? Do brook trout feed less than brown trout during spawning season? Am I missing something by not building my own leaders? What does a 3-weight rod give me that my 4-weight won't? When you under-line a fly rod and increase your line speed, does that detract from your accuracy? On articulated flies with only a single hook, should I keep the hook in front or in back? I want to learn to fly fish next season. Should I buy a rod now and practice over the winter before taking an FF101 class? I had a frustrating day with spooky brown trout. I could not get 25 feet away from them without spooking them. How can I catch these trout? What fly patterns use micro mink Zonker strips?

It happens to all of us, and sometimes it seems like every time we take a fishing trip, conditions are less than ideal. Water too high, water too low, water temperature too warm or too cold. Dirty water. You know the litany. James Spica [34:18], writer and fishing manager of the Orvis store in Royal Oak, Michigan, has some great tips on what to do when you encounter these situations—where to fish, how to fish your fly, and some patterns he would never go anywhere in the world without that help him deal with adverse fishing conditions. James gives us tips for both freshwater and saltwater trips and I took a lot of my own notes on this one!   In the Fly Box this week, we have some great tips and interesting questions, including: Are all fly lines today one size heavy? Can I use my 5-weight line on my new 6-weight rod? A tip from a listener on the best way to carry multiple fly rigs to the river after constructing them at home. How can I start my roll cast to get a decent amount of line out when I have no back cast room? Can you skip a tippet size when adding a new tippet to a leader? Do you think adding a small piece of orange or white yarn to a standard dry fly for visibility impacts fishing? A tip from a listener on adding a lightly weighted nymph to his streamer rig when swinging flies. A tip from a listener on how to seal the thread when finishing small flies. I had trouble getting beads on some nymph hooks until I pinched the barb first.  Does everybody do this? I recently saw some freshly stocked trout chasing each other in circles in a pool. Is this spawning behavior or something else? Do juvenile trout eat the same thing as adults? If I am only catching small fish should I try a different fly? What is your favorite flotant for keeping a dry fly on top?

This episode was originally published on October 11th, 2019. In today's podcast my guest is Shawn Combs, head of Orvis Rod & Tackle product development and Orvis rod and reel designer.  The topic is "16 Things I Wish I Knew About Trout Spey Before I Started". If you have been thinking about trying to swing wet flies or small streamers for trout with a two-handed rod, also known as "Micro Spey", this will be a valuable lesson for you. These are light two-handed rods, in line sizes 3 and 4, designed for covering larger waters. It's especially effective in the fall, when trout are getting aggressive as the move into winter and brown and brook trout are migrating to their spawning grounds. It's a fun and for many of us a new way to fish for trout. In the Fly Box this week, here are some of the questions and suggestions from listeners: -I know there are large trout in my river.  What kind of water do I look for and what else should I keep in mind when targeting these larger fish? -I have been setting the hook on smallmouth bass by sweeping my rod parallel to the water. Can you take a moment or two to discuss the pros and cons of various rod angles when setting the hook? -How can I tell if my waders are leaking or if I am just sweating inside them? -My wife and I had over 40 fish rise to our dry flies and only hooked a couple.  Any idea what was going on or how to land these fish? -What, to you, is the essence of Atlantic salmon fishing? -A tip from a listener on how to target flathead catfish on a fly -If I take my nine weight switch rod to Florida, what line size should I use on it for fishing from the surf? -A suggestion from a listener on another thing to be careful of regarding river etiquette. -What is the best way to get unstuck when you hook your fly on an object? -Do you have any recommendations on fishing crayfish patterns for smallmouth bass? -When there is thick aquatic weed on a river, what do you suggest for nymphing techniques? -Why am I suddenly beginning to hit my rod on my back cast? -A suggestion from a listener on the benefits of multi-focal contact lenses.  

This podcast was originally published on December 28th, 2016. In this podcast Stefan Woodruff, Orvis-endorsed guide with Ellensburg Anglers in Washington State, reveals (some of) his secrets to catching steelhead, plus an overview of ths steelhead opportunities in his state. Trout anglers will also enjoy his tips on fishing the Yakima River, tips that should work anywhere.  In The Fly Box we range from tying gel-spun backing to fly line, how to fish with a friend and really fish together, what to do if you get snagged on a small stream, hooking fish on fiberglass rods, identifying jumping fish, what materials to save for fly tying from hunting trips, how to avoid drag when fishing to fish in a slow pocket on the other side of fast current. I also decline to give marital advice to one listener.

This week my guest is—me [34:55].  I asked Reid Bryant of the Orvis Wingshooting Podcast to interview me because I have worked at Orvis for 49 of those 50 years and lived through the various stages of Orvis rods, plus I just spent the past two months writing a history of the Orvis graphite rods. You'll learn about some interesting things that went on during those times that have never before been published. Some of them are quite surprising. In the Fly Box this week, I answer these questions and more: What hatch makes large brown trout leap fully out of the water? Is there a hook sizing standard for fly-tying hooks? How can I hide the final whip finish on my bead head nymphs? What characteristics make for a good prospecting dry fly? What do you recommend for a fly-tying light? Can I use heaver hooks on my small nymphs? My lighter hooks keep getting straightened by large trout. Is there a database for fly fishing locations around the world? I travel a lot and like to fish various places. What rod should I travel with if I have no idea what I will fish for? What flies should I carry that will work anywhere in the world? What type of fly line should I put on older fiberglass and bamboo rods?

My guest this week is Josh Jenkins [43:59] of Scientific Anglers and originally I wanted to interview him just on knotless leaders—their design, how they are made, and how to modify them. But we soon took an interesting sidetrack into line/leader connections and also a new product he's discovered for fixing cracks in fly line coating so you don't have to buy a new line if your current line is damaged. I get many questions on both leaders and fly lines so I think this one will be interesting to everyone.   In the Fly Box this week, one listener chides me for being reluctant to share my opinion on questions, plus these questions (where I do share my opinion!) Is there a single weight rod I can take to Belize to fish for bonefish, permit, and tarpon? What were your personal experiences with the old Power Matrix rod, and which one in the current Orvis lineup is most similar? I inherited some 1980s-era fly lines in new condition. Are they still good, and how do the tapers compare to modern lines? Can you explain the terms "skating a fly" and "swinging a fly" and explain briefly how to do them? Is there any schedule for your tie-offs with Tim Flagler and Cheech? I love my Ultralight Waders but I worry  they won't last as long as other waders. What is the proper way to store fly lines for an extended time period? I am a steelheader that wants to fish for trout. Can you skate flies for trout? And when fishing streamers should I swing them or strip them? What is the origin of the term "gin clear" Why can't I find a fast-sinking clear line?

Mary Orvis Marbury, daughter of Orvis founder Charles Orvis, is an important figure in the history of American fly fishing. She was the first person to catalog and standardize American fly patterns, but she led a sad and mysterious life. Historian Steve Woit [37:50] has written and expansive and spectacular book about Mary and the artifacts that helped her catalog flies and has also uncovered some little-known aspects of her life. If you are interested in how our fly-fishing traditions have developed you'll want to listen to my interview with Steve. Coming back to the present we have some great questions in the Fly Box that may help you on your endless fly-fishing learning experience: Can trout see tiny midges at night? Should I grease my leader? Will Mucilin hurt my bamboo rods? What should I do when a fish is hooked deep? What should I do if I inadvertently "high-hole" another angler? A great tip from a listener on how to travel through the woods with a nymph on a dropper. Is there a rule of thumb on how long to make a leader loop? Are there orthotics that can be used in wading boots? A tip from a listener on a great way to apply desiccant powder to dry flies. A tip from a listener on how to fly fish without stressing the fish. Why do other fish chase a hooked fish? I though snowshoe rabbit's foot would make my flies float higher. Why do you use it and how do you fish these flies? What is the best way to put a fly rod into a rod sock? 

Before you write this one off if you don't tie flies, although this is a podcast on a fly tying material, there is much more in this one. Like how to fish small flies and how to see those tiny flies on the water. But we do talk about one of the most amazing materials in fly tying—pheasant tail fibers. And it's not only for nymphs. Learn about why pheasant tail is such a magical material, how to tie a durable pheasant tail body, and how to use it on dry and wet flies as well as nymphs. Craig Matthews [42:22] is a legendary fly tier, guide, and conservationist and it is always valuable to catch his words of wisdom. In the Fly Box this week, we have these questions and more: Do I have to sight-fish in saltwater, or can I just fish my flies around likely structures? Are "hot spots" as effective on dry flies as they are on nymphs? Have you used those new clear-tip lines from Scientific Anglers for trout, and what do you think of them? Why did I not catch trout on my first day on a river, yet clean up on fish two days later? A tip from a listener on how to not lose your wading belt. Can I fish streamers for smallmouth bass upstream like I do for trout? All the videos tell me to cast at a 45-degree downstream angle. For fishing for striped bass from shore, is a 9-foot or a 10-foot rod better? What type of leader do you recommend for swinging wet flies and soft hackles? Have you ever tried to make your own amadou? What fly box should I use for my tiny nymphs? What is the best way to remove materials from a fly to re-use the hook and bead? Is there any etiquette about wading an alpine lake?

Mike Ward [46:32], owner of Adipose Boat Works, recently tied Del Brown's lifetime permit count with 513 permit caught on a fly rod. On a bamboo fly rod! Now Mike would be the first one to say he may not be the world's best permit angler, but he has put in the time and energy to catch more than anyone else in history. And along the way he's learned some tips that we could all benefit from. I asked Mike to share his tips with us and he happily agreed. And, yes, Mike has also been skunked for days at a time when chasing permit so it happens to all of us. In the Fly Box this week, we introduce a new theme song and have some of the best questions of the year, including: I saw a couple cutthroats in a high lake spawning in August and none of the fish were rising, despite plenty of insects on the water. Would one spawning pair cause to whole lake to shut down like this? What are some tips for casts to use on small brushy streams? What are some tips for getting into saltwater fly fishing after a lifetime of trout fishing? What advice would you give to a young fly angler who wants to make a living in the fly-fishing world? Can you summarize when you might use a particular type of thread in fly tying? What can I do to prevent my fly line loop from cracking when I attach a leader directly to the loop with a clinch knot? Has your view of rod length for small streams changed over time? If I find a great pool on a small stream, how long should I rest it before going back? A week? A month? Next year? I have had some broken hooks from commercial fly patterns yet on my own flies they never do this. Are commercial flies tied on lesser quality hooks? And why do some hooks bend while others break? Do you recommend magnifiers for tying on small flies? My eye doctor says my close vision is fine but I still have problems. Should I replace my nylon tippet every year? Do fly shops make sure they rotate their tippet material so I don't buy older tippet?