NEJM This Week — October 23, 2025

This week, we look at new findings from the European prostate cancer screening study, advances in lung cancer therapy, physical therapy for meniscal tear, and a promising vaccine for Salmonella Paratyphi A. We review noninvasive liver fibrosis assessment and a complex clinical case, and explore perspectives on concierge care, kidney disease equity, WIC enrollment, community health, FDA regulation, and standing with colleagues in Gaza.

In this episode, we look at new research on mucoactive therapy for bronchiectasis, aspirin use in anticoagulated patients with coronary disease, and sotatercept for early pulmonary arterial hypertension. We explore the genetics behind misdiagnosed common diseases and review uncertainty in medical training. We also share a case of woman with abdominal distention, edema, and pleural effusions and Perspectives on sickle cell disease, fetal personhood, and living with a genetic diagnosis.

In this episode, we look at new research in cervical cancer, lupus, gene therapy for immune deficiency, and malaria prevention in infants. We review hair loss in women, follow a case of tuberculosis in advanced HIV, and hear perspectives on vaccines, primary care, digital health, infection surveillance, AI in disaster response, Medicare policy, and bearing witness in conflict zones.

In this episode, we explore new treatments for hypertension, hereditary amyloidosis, and malaria prevention, along with insights on mosquito-borne disease control. We review idiopathic intracranial hypertension, follow a striking case of a hidden foreign body, and hear perspectives on worker safety, immigrant health care, the role of pharmaceutical wholesalers, and the arc of a medical career.

Featuring articles on severe acute malnutrition with gastroenteritis in children, medical imaging and pediatric cancer risk, moderate hypertriglyceridemia, preventing RSV disease in healthy infants, and treating hypertension in rural South Africa; a review article on monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; a Clinical Problem-Solving on a shifting frame; and Perspectives on insight into corporate governance, on pharmaceutical tariffs, and on OUD medications.

Featuring articles on heart failure, provoked venous thromboembolism, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and acute ischemic stroke; a review article on medical education to improve diagnostic equity; a case report of a man with embolic stroke and left ventricular apical aneurysm; two articles on the 2025 Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award; and Perspectives on structural and scientific racism, on the Gates Foundation’s final chapter, and on Dr. Kolhouse and the cowboy.

Featuring articles on PI3K-altered colorectal cancer, type 2 diabetes, oral semaglutide, and proportional-assist ventilation; a review article on tumor lysis syndrome; a case report of a girl with chest pain and bone and liver lesions; and Perspectives on integrating pharmacotherapy into tobacco control, on Medicaid enrollees with chronic conditions, and on ultraprocessed food.

Featuring articles on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, rehabilitation after myocardial infarction in older adults, the 2024 Marburg virus disease outbreak in Rwanda, and medications for opioid use disorder in county jails; a case report of a woman with dyspnea and fatigue; a Medicine and Society on the race-correction debates; and Perspectives on recent efforts toward equity, on medical research funding in a divided America, and on the end of days.

Featuring articles on obesity, type 1 diabetes, syphilis, and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; a review article on the management of acute type B aortic dissection; a Clinical Problem-Solving describing a fruitful workup; and Perspectives on the corporatization deal, on advancing physician-scientist training in China, and on the rise of drug innovation in China.

Featuring articles on lung cancer, vasomotor symptoms in breast cancer, autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, and high-risk cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma; a review article on educational strategies for clinical supervision of AI use; a case report of a woman with fatigue and myalgias; a Sounding Board on vaccine policy in the U.S.; and Perspectives on preventive care at the Supreme Court, regulating private equity in health care, reforming the prescription drug user fee program, and on the consultant.