Episode 117: Rabbi Dr. Ephraim Kanarfogel "Getting to Know Rashi"

In this episode, Dr. Yael Ziegler shares her thoughtful and layered approach to the study of Tanakh. Known for her deep literary readings and her commitment to both peshat and the broader interpretive tradition, she explains how elements like structure, repetition, and intertextuality shape her analysis of the biblical text. We explore her perspective on Midrash—not as a rewriting of the narrative, but as a sophisticated form of interpretation. Hazal, she explains, were keen readers of both peshat and derash, and even midrashim that appear far from the plain meaning often reflect a deep sensitivity to language, themes, and textual echoes found elsewhere in Tanakh. These interpretive moves open up new layers of meaning while remaining anchored in the biblical text. Dr. Ziegler illustrates this approach through striking examples involving Rachel and Leah, Moshe, Eliyahu, and more. She also reflects on the role of classical commentators like Rashi, Ibn Ezra, Radak, and Ramban, pointing out that these thinkers were highly attuned literary readers—even without the benefit of the modern tools we rely on today. Their insights continue to offer profound guidance in how we read and engage with Tanakh. Toward the end of the episode, Dr. Ziegler briefly touches on her book Ruth: From Alienation to Monarchy, and how it exemplifies her broader methodology: combining rigorous textual analysis with a deep respect for tradition. This conversation offers a window into a kind of Tanakh study that is both intellectually grounded and deeply rooted in the interpretive legacy of our tradition.---*This episode is dedicated to the refua shelema of our dear friend Yaakov ben Haya Sarah Malakh and to the neshama of Meir ben Moshe a'h — Abdolrahim Ilian, the late father of our dear friend, Rod Ilian. ---• Bio: Dr. Yael Ziegler is the Rosh Batei Midrash and Academic Director of Matan and an Assistant Professor in Tanakh at Herzog College. She received her BA from Stern College and an MA and Ph.D. in Bible at Bar Ilan University. Dr. Ziegler has lectured widely on various Tanakh topics in Israel, the United States, Canada, South Africa, Australia, and Europe. Dr. Ziegler is the author of Promises to Keep: The Oath in Biblical Narrative and Ruth: From Alienation to Monarchy, which has been translated into Hebrew. Her book: Lamentations: Faith in a Turbulent World was released in June, 2021 and is currently being translated into Hebrew. She is now working on a book on Exodus.---Speaker's Resources• Get her books here: https://www.amazon.com/stores/author/B001JOMV9O/allbooks?ingress=0&visitId=ac94d9f2-8a22-4bf3-b6d2-c69c11e40020&ref_=sr_ntt_srch_lnk_1&ccs_id=c22bbbf3-ea51-4a71-84f2-c838544a8a2e---• Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Rod Ilian, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Vasya, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!

In this episode, we’re joined by Rabbi Menachem Leibtag, a leading educator in the Gush (Yeshivat Har Etzion) Tanakh methodology—a literary-contextual approach to the study of Tanakh that emphasizes peshat, structure, and thematic development, while reading the text in its historical and narrative context. Rabbi Leibtag lays out the foundations of this method and responds to some of the critiques raised in our previous conversations with J.J. Kimche and Rabbi Yaakov Beasley. We explore concerns that anchoring the Torah in its historical setting may risk weakening its eternal relevance, versus the argument that understanding the text in its original context deepens, rather than diminishes, its meaning. We also examine the tension between drawing out literary structure and preserving the emotional and theological rawness of the text. Another critique addressed is the worry that modern readers—armed with more information and systematic tools—can generate ḥiddushim (novel interpretations) that feel out of bounds to traditionalists, particularly when such ideas were not raised by classical commentators. In contrast, advocates argue that these insights represent a continuation of the interpretive process rather than a break from it. Rabbi Leibtag offers a thoughtful and compelling case for the method’s relevance today—rooted in tradition, informed by literary tools, and committed to making Tanakh learning more engaging, rigorous, and meaningful for the modern student.*This episode is dedicated to the refua shelema of our dear friend Yaakov ben Haya Sarah Malakh and to the neshama of Meir ben Moshe a'h — Abdolrahim Ilian, the late father of our dear friend, Rod Ilian. • Bio: Rabbi Menachem Leibtag, an internationally acclaimed bible scholar and pioneer of Jewish Education on the internet, is well known in the Jewish community for his essays on the weekly Bible portion. His vibrant thematic-analytical approach blends the methods of modern academic scholarship with traditional Jewish approaches to the Biblical text. He is best known for his ability to teach students how to study rather than simply read Biblical passages. As his essays focus on meta-themes in the Bible, his readership has expanded to students of the Bible from all religions and walks of life. In Israel, Rabbi Leibtag teaches at Yeshivat Har Etzion, Matan, Yeshivat Shaalavim, Midreshet Lindenbaum, and at MTVA. He also routinely lectures around the globe, primarily as a Scholar in Residence in communities in North America; and is a regular guest lecturer for students at universities such as Columbia, Harvard, Princeton, NYU, Penn, and Brandeis.• Read one of his essays here: https://www.amazon.com/Torah-MiEtzion-Yeshivat-Har-Etzion/dp/1613290063• Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Rod Ilian, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Vasya, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!

In this episode, we sit down with Jessie Fischbein, author of 'Infertility in the Bible: How the Matriarchs Changed Their Fate; How You Can Too.' Jessie’s book stands out for its informal, accessible style and its ability to resonate with readers beyond just Jewish or theistic audiences. We discuss what inspired her to write it and how readers struggling with infertility have responded. We also dive into her rational approach to prayer, addressing a common struggle—why pray if God is unchanging? Jessie clarifies what prayer truly is and how it differs from common misconceptions. Exploring biblical narratives, we examine how emotions played a critical role in fertility, from Leah and Rachel’s sibling rivalry to Hannah’s prayers. Jessie shares insights on the connection between emotions, prayer, and transformation, offering lessons that couples facing infertility can apply in their own lives. Finally, we discuss divine intervention and personal agency. Jessie unpacks the Torah’s view on providence and how individuals can actively work on themselves to reshape their path. Don’t miss this thought-provoking conversation!---• Bio: Whenever Jessie Fischbein visits a new community, she hopes she will get the privilege to learn Torah with them. Jessie taught high school for over twenty years in yeshiva day schools, and she homeschools her children, giving her a unique perspective on Jewish education and learning disabilities. She is the author of the book Infertility in the Bible, about how our Matriarchs handled their challenges and what that means for us, and the book Scandals in the Bible, about some of the most challenging and difficult to understand stories in Tanach. Jessie believes that the Torah's wisdom is eternally relevant and fun to learn and strives to share that wherever she goes.---• Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Rod Ilian, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Vasya, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!

As our 'Getting to Know the Rishonim' series continues, we explore the towering figure of Rashi with Rabbi Dr. Ephraim Kanarfogel, one of the foremost scholars of medieval Jewish thought. French Jewry produced a remarkable corpus of Torah commentators—from Rashi to Rashbam, Bechor Shor, Rav Yosef Kara, and Hizkuni. What makes this school of biblical interpretation unique, and is there a common thread in their methodologies? We also examine the process by which Rashi’s Torah commentary achieved a near-canonical status—how early did this happen, and why? One of the most debated aspects of Rashi’s legacy is his relationship with Peshuto Shel Mikra. While Rashi famously states that his goal is to explain the simple meaning of the text, he frequently incorporates Aggadah. How should we understand his approach to peshat and his use of Midrash? Are peshat and aggadah fundamentally intertwined in his conception of biblical interpretation? Finally, we discuss whether the way Rashi is studied today aligns with how he originally intended his commentary to be understood. Join us for a fascinating deep dive into Rashi’s methodology, influence, and lasting legacy.---• Bio: Rabbi Dr. Ephraim Kanarfogel is the E. Billi Ivry University Professor of Jewish History, Literature and Law at Yeshiva University, where he teaches and directs doctoral dissertations at the Bernard Revel Graduate School of Jewish Studies. He researches the fields of medieval and early modern Jewish intellectual history and rabbinic literature. Rabbi Kanarfogel received his PhD from Yeshiva University’s Bernard Revel Graduate School of Jewish Studies and his rabbinical ordination from the Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary. He is the author or editor of nine books and nearly 100 articles, and is a winner of the National Jewish Book Award, the Association for Jewish Studies’ Jordan Schnitzer Book Prize, and the International Book Award sponsored by the Goldstein-Goren Center for Jewish Thought at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.• Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Rod Ilian, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!

In this episode, Rabbi David Wolpe joins us for a thought-provoking conversation about the challenges and opportunities facing the Jewish people today. In the wake of October 7th, intra-faith dialogue is as critical as interfaith dialogue. The Jewish community must find ways to foster understanding, break down barriers, and build unity among diverse perspectives. Rabbi Wolpe reflects on the enduring influence of Maimonides, whose teachings continue to resonate across Jewish movements and explores how his philosophy shapes modern Jewish thought. We discuss the evolution of New Atheism, from Christopher Hitchens to Alex O’Connor, and what this shift means for conversations about faith within the Jewish context. The conversation also delves into culturally religious figures like Dennis Prager and Jordan Peterson, examining whether a meaningful religious message can be upheld without traditional observance. Rabbi Wolpe addresses the hardest questions raised by atheists—about evil, belief, and God’s hiddenness—and shares his vision for making faith relevant and compelling in a skeptical world. This episode challenges us to think deeply about faith, unity, and the future of Judaism. Don’t miss this essential conversation.---• Bio: Named The Most Influential Rabbi in America by Newsweek and one of the 50 Most Influential Jews in the World  by The Jerusalem Post, and twice named one of the 500 Most Influential People in Los Angeles by the Los Angeles Business Journal, David Wolpe is the Max Webb Emeritus Rabbi of Sinai Temple. He serves as the ADL’s inaugural rabbinic fellow and a scholar in residence at the Maimonides Fund. Rabbi Wolpe has taught at Harvard, the Jewish Theological Seminary, the American Jewish University, Hunter College, and UCLA. Rabbi Wolpe has published widely, including in The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, Washington Post, Time, Newsweek and The Atlantic. He has been featured on The Today Show, Face the Nation, ABC This Morning, and CBS This Morning as well as series on PBS, A&E, History Channel, and Discovery Channel, and has engaged in widely watched public debates with Christopher Hitchens, Sam Harris, Richard Dawkins, Steven Pinker and many others about religion and its place in the world. Rabbi Wolpe is the author of eight books, including the national bestseller Making Loss Matter: Creating Meaning in Difficult Times (Riverhead). His latest is titled David, the Divided Heart (Yale U Press). It was a finalist for the National Jewish Book Awards, and has been optioned for a movie by Warner Bros.---• Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Rod Ilian, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!

Leadership isn’t just a modern concern—it’s embedded in the DNA of the Torah itself. In this episode, Dr. Erica Brown unpacks the centrality of leadership in Jewish thought, drawing on insights from The Torah of Leadership. She explains why leadership has been a defining theme of her work, how the need for strong leadership has intensified—especially since October 7th—and why the Torah’s challenge to lead is more relevant than ever. We explore how the Torah doesn’t merely contain lessons on leadership but demands leadership at every turn, a truth that often goes unnoticed. Dr. Brown diagnoses why we’ve lost sight of this and offers a path back to seeing leadership as the Torah intends. From the dangers of stubbornness in am k’sheh oref (a stiff-necked people) to the ethical dilemmas of deception in Rivkah and Yaakov’s story, this conversation delves into the profound tensions and moral complexities of leadership. What does it take to lead a people who resist change? When, if ever, do lies serve a higher purpose? Dr. Brown brings clarity, depth, and wisdom to these questions, making the Torah’s leadership lessons impossible to ignore.---• Bio: Dr. Erica Brown is the Vice Provost for Values and Leadership at Yeshiva University and the founding director of its Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks-Herenstein Center for Values and Leadership. She previously served as the director of the Mayberg Center for Jewish Education and Leadership and an associate professor of curriculum and pedagogy at The George Washington University. Erica is the author or co-author of 15 books on leadership, the Hebrew Bible and spirituality. Erica has a daily podcast, “Take Your Soul to Work.” Her book Esther: Power, Fate and Fragility in Exile (Maggid) was a finalist for the National Jewish Book Award. Her latest book is Kohelet and the Search for Meaning (Maggid). She and her husband live in Maryland and have four children, another four through marriage, and six exquisite grandchildren.---• Get her book here: https://www.amazon.com/Torah-Leadership-Erica-Brown/dp/1592646816/ref=sr_1_1?crid=MFTHQQ4CLKC2&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.hLYZuZZvn75pCZotr-6RyN4_8UV3NNF4hrqv3YpP34DGjHj071QN20LucGBJIEps.RzHMV8wYe07YNizVGST8QU6M6HijexFDycQ7iBfmKG8&dib_tag=se&keywords=erica+brown+torah+of+leadership&qid=1739133039&sprefix=ericA+BROWN+TORAH+%2Caps%2C132&sr=8-1• Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Rod Ilian, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!

How does Genesis lay the foundation for humanity’s covenantal relationship with God? Rabbi Dr. Zvi Grumet joins us to share insights from his groundbreaking book Genesis: From Creation to Covenant. Together, we explore how the Torah portrays the patriarchs—Avraham, Yitzhak, Yaakov, and Yosef—as central figures in this process, with the recurring use of the word 'toldot' weaving a cohesive narrative of covenantal development. Rabbi Dr. Grumet outlines his unique threefold understanding of history in Genesis and explains how it informs the patriarchal narratives. He also shares how he balances critical analysis with reverence for the text, navigating the distinction between peshat and derash. We discuss the foundational Garden of Eden story in light of the covenantal theme, Avraham’s evolving challenges from Lekh Lekha to Va’era, and Yitzchak’s role as a transitional figure in the covenant. The conversation also delves into Yaakov’s personal and relational struggles, the pivotal role Rachel plays in shaping the covenantal legacy, and the reconciliation of Yosef and his brothers as a powerful culmination of Genesis. Through this discussion, Rabbi Dr. Grumet brings new depth to the familiar stories of Genesis, showing how they chart the unfolding of God’s covenant with humanity and the enduring lessons they hold for us today. --- • Bio: Rabbi Dr. Zvi Grumet is a master Bible teacher who lectures widely across the English-speaking world. Having earned his rabbinic ordination and Ed.D. at Yeshiva University, Rabbi Grumet dedicated the first eighteen years of his career to teaching Torah and leading educational institutions in the US. Today, he teaches at Yeshivat Eretz Hatzvi, the Pardes Institute, and Hebrew College in Boston. He is also a senior staff member at The Lookstein Center for Jewish Education, where he is editor of Jewish Educational Leadership and generates initiatives to help advance Jewish education on four continents. --- • Get his book here: https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Creation-Covenant-Zvi-Grumet/dp/1592644775 --- • Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Rod Ilian, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!

In this episode, we sit down with architect and author Joshua Skarf to discuss his fascinating book, ArchitecTorah: Architectural Ideas in Judaism and the Weekly Torah Portion. Skarf offers a unique perspective on how the principles of architecture and engineering can deepen our understanding of Torah, shedding new light on iconic narratives and themes. We explore the inspiration behind his work and the four categories into which the book is organized, each demonstrating the profound connections between architecture and Torah study. Together, we dive into key chapters, including a fresh look at the burning bush through an architectural lens, how brickmaking in Egypt informs our understanding of the Israelites' labor, and the role of wind patterns in the splitting of the sea. The conversation continues with insights on the prohibition against graven images and its connection to architecture, how ancient urban planning enriches the narrative of the Israelites inheriting Canaanite cities, and the interplay between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, offering a compelling juxtaposition of architectural and spiritual insights. Join us for this thought-provoking discussion as Joshua Skarf bridges the worlds of design and divinity, offering readers and listeners a new way to engage with the Torah. --- • Bio: Joshua Skarf is a licensed architect living and working in Jerusalem. He studied in Yeshivat Har Etzion and has degrees in architecture from the University of Michigan and the Bezalel Academy of Art & Design. He has designed hospitals, train stations, shopping malls, Israeli consulates, elementary schools, museums, and research facilities in Israel. Skarf was born in Toronto, grew up in Michigan, and has been living in Israel since 2004. --- • Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Rod Ilian, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!

What drives individuals to leave the Orthodox path, and how have modern influences like digital culture shaped this phenomenon? Rabbi David Aaron addresses these pressing questions and more, offering profound insights into the challenges and opportunities facing Orthodox Judaism today. This episode delves into the emotional and relational struggles families experience when a loved one chooses a different path, providing practical guidance for navigating these complex dynamics. Rabbi Aaron also explores how Orthodox communities can foster a more supportive and inclusive environment for those questioning their faith or lifestyle. We discuss the role of education in addressing doubts and encouraging open dialogue about God and Torah observance and examine how individuals and organizations can best support those transitioning away from or back into the Orthodox community. Finally, we reflect on the broader lessons to be learned from the "Off the Derekh" phenomenon, highlighting its implications for the evolving relationship between faith, community, and personal identity in the modern world. In a time when nearly every family is touched by these challenges, this conversation offers essential perspectives and practical solutions. --- • Bio: Rabbi Aaron received his rabbinic ordination for Yeshivat ITRI. He is the Co-Rosh Yeshiva of Yeshivat Orayta. Additionally, he offers Jewish educational programs in Israel and abroad, including Educators Enrichment, Leadership Training, Executive Seminars, Spiritual Retreats, and Immersive Experiences. Rabbi Aaron is the author of eight ‘paradigm-shifting’ books: Endless Light, Seeing G-d, Love is My Religion, The Secret Life of G-d, Soul Powered Prayers, Inviting G-d In, Living a Joyous Life, and The G-d-Powered Life. (Several books have been translated into Portuguese, Spanish, Russian, and Hebrew.). Rabbi Aaron lives in Jerusalem with his wife, Chana, and their seven children and grandchildren. --- • Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Rod Ilian, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!

We’re thrilled to welcome Reb Zvi Goldstein to the podcast for an in-depth exploration of three monumental topics in Jewish thought: Mashiach, Olam Haba, and Techiyat HaMetim. These concepts are often conflated, particularly in discussions about reuniting with loved ones who’ve passed away. The Rambam delves deep into each category, and we’re here to untangle these ideas and gain a clearer understanding of his views. We start with the Rambam’s take on Mashiach, delving into what it means for Mashiach to be the natural consequence of mitzvot and the proof required to recognize him. Is Mashiach an actual king, a political leader, or something else? How do Eliyahu HaNavi, the rebuilding of the Beit HaMikdash, and the Sanhedrin fit into this vision? And what about resurrection—does it precede or follow Mashiach’s arrival? Reb Zvi helps us piece together these intricate layers of Jewish eschatology. We also explore the Rambam’s perspective on Olam Haba, including his view of the eternal soul as pure information and the urgency of maximizing our one chance at life. We discuss the risks of literalism in mystical texts like the Zohar and how Lurianic Kabbalah has reshaped perceptions of Jewish esotericism. Finally, we tackle the controversial topic of korbanot in the Messianic era. The Rambam’s view—that animal sacrifices serve an essential psychological and spiritual purpose—has been the dominant position in Jewish tradition. In contrast, Rav Kook’s vision of evolving toward vegetarian offerings stands as a modern and less widely accepted perspective. Together, we examine the tension between these views, the enduring relevance of sacrifices, and the profound lessons they teach about human nature and divine law. This episode will challenge your assumptions and provide plenty of food for thought. --- • Bio: Zvi Goldstein, known by his pen name xvi Kaizen, is a distinguished thinker at the intersection of traditional Jewish scholarship and contemporary rational thought. As the Principal of Ontic Capital, an algorithmic trading firm, Zvi combines analytical rigor and economic insight with his philosophical pursuits. Zvi holds a BA from Hebrew Theological College and an MBA from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. His academic journey is enriched by Talmudic studies at Yeshiva University, Yeshivat Har Etzion, Hebrew Theological College, and Yeshivat Maor Tuvia in Mitzpe Yericho. Zvi teaches a rational approach to Judaism, drawing inspiration primarily from Maimonides' Guide for the Perplexed. His notable work, "Summary of the Guide for the Perplexed," aims to make Maimonides' ideas accessible by distilling the main points of the work into clear and concise discussions. Zvi argues that this philosophy offers relevant approaches to many contemporary issues of faith in the modern world. Zvi finds personal fulfillment in his life with his wife Sari and their children in Puerto Rico. --- • Welcome to JUDAISM DEMYSTIFIED: A PODCAST FOR THE PERPLEXED | Co-hosted by Benjy & Benzi | Thank you to...Super Patron: Jordan Karmily, Platinum Patron: Craig Gordon, Gold Patrons: Dovidchai Abramchayev, Lazer Cohen, Travis Krueger, Vasili Volkoff, Rod Ilian, Silver Patrons: Ellen Fleischer, Daniel Maksumov, Rabbi Pinny Rosenthal, Fred & Antonio, Jeffrey Wasserman, and Jacob Winston! Please SUBSCRIBE to this YouTube Channel and hit the BELL so you can get alerted whenever new clips get posted, thank you for your support!