Talk Python To Me

Where does your Python code actually run? A server in Virginia? A container in Frankfurt? Pyodide put Python into the browser. Cloudflare put the browser into the server. Combine the two and you get Python Workers, now generally available. My guests are Hood Chatham, Gyeongjae Choi, and Dominik Picheta from Cloudflare. Hood and Gyeongjae maintain Pyodide. Dominik got Python running in Cloudflare Workers in the first place. Your FastAPI app ships as plain Python files. It runs on CPython compiled to WebAssembly, inside V8, at over 350 locations worldwide. Episode sponsors Talk Python Membership Talk Python Membership Talk Python Courses Links from the show Guests Gyeongjae Choi: linkedin.com Hood Chatham Dominik Picheta Pyodide: pyodide.com Python Everywhere: The State of Python on WebAssembly - Hood Chatham, Gyeongjae Choi: www.youtube.com PEP 783: peps.python.org D1 Databases: www.cloudflare.com Hyperdrive: www.cloudflare.com R2 Object Storage: www.cloudflare.com Queues: developers.cloudflare.com AI: www.cloudflare.com now generally available: blog.cloudflare.com Memory Snapshots for CPython (Python Language Summit 2026\): blog.python.org Cloudflare Worker Limits: developers.cloudflare.com Litestream: litestream.io workerd: github.com Are we PEP 783 yet?: pyodide.github.io The Birth & Death of JavaScript: www.destroyallsoftware.com Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #568 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/568 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

The most popular Python project you've probably never heard of has 252,000 GitHub stars and merged over 1,800 pull requests in a single week. It's Hermes, a self-hosted AI agent you program just by talking to it. And it never clocks out. It runs 24/7 on a box in your house, wakes up every 15 minutes, keeps your YouTube channel in sync, and has your morning briefing ready before you're up. Mine started as a few config files. A few months later, it's 16,000 files of skills, memories, and tools it built for itself, all while I wasn't watching. Jeff Triplett joins me to explore this honestly weird but kind of amazing world. And yes, Hermes has a few words for you, too. Episode sponsors Talk Python Membership Talk Python Membership Talk Python Courses Links from the show Talk Python Tech Talks: talkpython.fm/meetups Hermes: github.com Ollama cloud models: ollama.com https\://hermes-agent.nousresearch.com: hermes-agent.nousresearch.com Hermes Web UI: get-hermes.ai built my own UI: blobs.talkpython.fm the Hermes Dashboard: blobs.talkpython.fm the audio from the chat example: blobs.talkpython.fm the CLI: blobs.talkpython.fm Tailscale: tailscale.com Hindsight: hindsight.vectorize.io trmnl display: trmnl.com JEV: typesafe.ai Home Assistant Green: www.home-assistant.io QMD - Query Markup Documents: github.com OrangePi: www.orangepi.org Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #567 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/567 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

Which of your Python tools would you still pick if you started fresh today? For a long time, the answer was easy. The stack felt settled. AI has reopened almost every one of those choices. Some tools got faster. Others got replaced outright. On this episode, a panel takes stock of the state of the art in Python for 2026. Calvin Hendryx-Parker is CTO and co-founder of Six Feet Up. Pat Decker works in DevOps at Hibu. Reuven Lerner has trained Python developers for 15 years. Sydney Runkle does product management for open source at LangChain. One of them barely opens an editor anymore. Listen in to hear the surprising replacement. Episode sponsors Talk Python Membership Talk Python Membership Talk Python Courses Links from the show Guests Pat Decker Reuven Lerner: github.com Calvin Hendryx-Parker: linkedin.com Sydney Runkle: github.com Talk Python Membership: talkpython.fm/community This Reddit post: www.reddit.com PSF+Jetbrains survey: blog.jetbrains.com vscode: code.visualstudio.com pycharm: www.jetbrains.com cmux: cmux.com warp.dev: www.warp.dev herdr: herdr.dev Royal TS: apps.microsoft.com Tailscale: tailscale.com uv: docs.astral.sh FastAPI: fastapi.tiangolo.com Litestar: litestar.dev Django: www.djangoproject.com httpx2: github.com ty: github.com pyrefly: pyrefly.org postgres: www.postgresql.org sqlite: www.sqlite.org duckdb: duckdb.org Hetzner: www.hetzner.com DigitalOcean: www.digitalocean.com AWS: aws.amazon.com Great Docs: posit-dev.github.io Zensical: zensical.org Vue.js: Vue.js AgentsView: www.agentsview.io LangChain Blog: www.langchain.com Umami Example of Great Docs: mkennedy.codes Mintlify: www.mintlify.com DuckLake: ducklake.select Robyn Web Framework: robyn.tech Django Ninja: django-ninja.dev Talk Python CLI: talkpython.fm KEdit: www.kedit.com Kitty: sw.kovidgoyal.net Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #566 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/566 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

Do you know what's actually slow in your Python app? Or are you guessing? Until now, profiling Python meant a tracing profiler that made your code 2 to 3 times slower. Or a third-party tool that broke with every new release. Python 3.15 fixes that. It ships Tachyon, a sampling profiler built into the standard library. It attaches to live production apps with almost zero overhead. My guests are Pablo Galindo Salgado, CPython core developer and Steering Council member, and László Kiss Kollár from Bloomberg's Python infrastructure team. Their first prototype ran at two samples a second. Now it does over a million hz. And it lands in Python 3.15 this October. Episode sponsors Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26 Python in Production Talk Python Courses Links from the show Guests László Kiss Kollár: linkedin.com Pablo Galindo Salgado 3.11: talkpython.fm Memray: talkpython.fm PyStack: talkpython.fm profile and cProfile: docs.python.org py-spy: github.com Austin: github.com PEP 799: peps.python.org PEP 768: peps.python.org PyCon US 2026 talk: us.pycon.org The docs: docs.python.org Backport to 3.14: github.com Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #565 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/565 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

Every ship in EVE Online eventually undocks and leaves the station. This time, it's the whole game. EVE has run on Python 2 since it launched in 2003, all 2.4 million lines of it, on a custom Stackless interpreter that stopped at 3.8 and was archived last year. Destination: Python 3.12. The route runs through 6,500 lines of division that decide who wins a fight, and 100 gigabytes of pickled Python objects that have to survive the jump intact. Kristinn Sigurbergsson was on this show ten years ago. He's back, with Jamie Bannister, who is flying the EVE Online migration right now, and Thomas Dähling, who took EVE Frontier through first. In EVE, a destroyed ship is gone for good. There are no do-overs, and the universe has to stay online the whole way. Episode sponsors Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26 Talk Python Courses Links from the show Guests Jamie Bannister: linkedin.com Thomas Dähling: linkedin.com Kristinn Sigurbergsson: linkedin.com EVE Online: www.eveonline.com EVE Frontier: evefrontier.com 2.4 million lines of Python: www.eveonline.com Example of graphics, ships walk-through: www.youtube.com Stackless: www.stackless.com futurize: python-future.org blue: github.com Dev blog on the Frontier upgrade: evefrontier.com Upgrading CARBON to Python 3: www.youtube.com carbon-scheduler: github.com Scheduling in Carbon: Leaving Stackless Python Behind: www.youtube.com All of Carbon is on GitHub now: github.com did a whole course: training.talkpython.fm Trade Wars BBS (Wikipedia): en.wikipedia.org TW 3002 - TradeWars 2002, reimagined as a modern browser game: www.reddit.com Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #564 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/564 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

Lint the entire CPython code base from scratch. It takes 0.3 seconds. Three blinks of an eye. That is ruff, and it is written in Rust. So are Pydantic, Polars, uv, and Granian. Rust shows up in Python three ways: tools that happen to be Rust, libraries Python imports, and servers that run Python inside Rust. This is Rust for Python developers, not Rust experts. Christopher Trudeau is back on Talk Python to discuss Rust and his latest course Up and Running with Rust. The core rule is that only one thing can own a value at a time. Pass it around freely in Python and the garbage collector cleans up. Do that in Rust and it will not compile. Episode sponsors Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26 Python in Production Talk Python Courses Links from the show Up and Running with Rust course: training.talkpython.fm Rust: rust-lang.org pydantic: pydantic.dev ruff: docs.astral.sh granian: github.com By example: doc.rust-lang.org rust-lang.org: rust-lang.org rustup.rs: rustup.rs crates.io: crates.io main.rs: main.rs PyO3: github.com https://github.com/ritwiktiwari/awesome-python-rs: github.com ty: docs.astral.sh pyrefly: pyrefly.org uv: github.com polars: pola.rs Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #563 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/563 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

How many files does your query read before it reads any data? On some data lakes, you go through JSON and metadata files first, just to learn which Parquet files matter. DuckLake asks one SQL question instead. The metadata lives in a real database. The data stays in plain Parquet. That's the entire format. Pedro Holanda joined DuckDB in 2018, when it was still a research prototype at CWI. He's the lead DuckLake developer. Guillermo Sanchez Dionis works on DuckLake and the new Quack protocol. With Quack as the catalog, DuckLake handles 200 transactions a second under heavy contention. No other open table format comes close. Episode sponsors Six Feet Up Talk Python Courses Links from the show Guests Pedro Holanda: pedroholanda.org Guillermo Sanchez: linkedin.com PhD on progressive indexes: ir.cwi.nl SQLite: www.sqlite.org Litestream: litestream.io boring hardware: talkpython.fm DuckDB: duckdb.org episode 491: talkpython.fm Iceberg: iceberg.apache.org manifesto: ducklake.select DuckLake: ducklake.select spec: ducklake.select this diagram: blobs.talkpython.fm Data inlining: ducklake.select ducklake-dataframe: github.com Polars course: training.talkpython.fm CSV parser: duckdb.org Zero-copy Arrow: duckdb.org ART index: duckdb.org async I/O: duckdb.org v1.0: ducklake.select Git-like branching: ducklake.select Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #562 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/562 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

How many cores does your machine have, 10, 18? Your async Python code uses just one of them. That isn't a bug in asyncio. That's the design, and optimizing event loops to be faster by 20% doesn't change it. So Giovanni Barillari started over. Joe is the creator of Granian, the Rust-based server that powers Talk Python. His new project is TonIO, an async runtime written from scratch for free-threaded Python. Real threads, a handful of primitives instead of asyncio's pile of them, and it flat out refuses to start if the GIL is on. Episode sponsors Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26 Python in Production Talk Python Courses Links from the show Guest Giovanni Barillari: github.com Granian: github.com Hyper: github.com Free threaded Python: docs.python.org Sort of: labs.quansight.org did a whole course: training.talkpython.fm uvloop: github.com rloop: github.com TonIO: github.com your EuroPython 2026 talk: www.youtube.com Michael's Cutting Python Web App Memory Over 31% Article: mkennedy.codes Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #561 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/561 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

In 2020, a gastroenterologist in Glasgow did the math on his new research study and came up with 30,000 samples, arriving over two years from three cities and a dozen hospitals. He asked around about how researchers keep track of that. The answer was Microsoft Excel. Shaun Chuah had written some HTML by hand in Notepad back in high school and that was about the whole of his programming experience, so he opened the Django tutorial and started reading. Six years later that app is Foundry120, holding 10 terabytes of clinical and genomics data with an agentic AI running on top of it. Episode sponsors Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26 Talk Python Courses Talk Python Courses Links from the show Guest Shaun Chuah: github.com Up and Running with Rust Course: talkpython.fm Foundry120: www.foundry120.com Designing Data Intensive Applications: www.oreilly.com Microsoft Foundry: ai.azure.com ChatIBD: www.chatibd.com Blog: shaunchuah.github.io @drshaunchuah: x.com github.com/shaunchuah: github.com Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #560 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/560 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

Your site is down. It's 3am. Is it a bug, a bill, or a breach? You can't tell yet, and everyone is watching you find out. Matt Lea has spent fifteen years being the person companies call when an outage is costing them real money per hour, and his whole argument is that everything you'd want in that moment gets decided months earlier, on ordinary afternoons, when someone chose the convenient thing. We walk his top twelve dos and don'ts in AWS - infrastructure as code, IAM roles instead of access keys, private subnets, no wildcards, no public buckets - and I push on which of them actually matter if you're one person on a small VPS. Then we get to Cloud War Games, where Matt breaks things on purpose so your team's first real incident isn't their first incident. Let's get into it. Episode sponsors Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26 Talk Python Courses Talk Python Courses Links from the show Guest Matt Lea: linkedin.com Talk Python Certificates: training.talkpython.fm/certificates Schematical: schematical.com CloudWarGames.com: cloudwargames.com Zero to Hero on AWS Security: www.oreilly.com Repo: github.com Custom Wheel Offset: customwheeloffset.com 2012 TechCrunch Disrupt Hackathon: techcrunch.com tech comics: schematical.com shhgit: github.com Zero Trust in 200ms: Implementing Identity-Per-Transaction: us.pycon.org Coolify: coolify.io returned to full GA Nov 2025: aws.amazon.com Signed URLs/cookies: docs.aws.amazon.com Cloudflare: www.cloudflare.com Bunny Shield: bunny.net Cloud War Games One: www.youtube.com Cloud War Games Two: www.youtube.com LinkedIn: linkedin.com YouTube: youtube.com KnocKnoc: knocknoc.io Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com Episode #559 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/559 Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm Theme Song: Developer Rap 🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong ---== Don't be a stranger ==--- YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython Bluesky: @talkpython.fm Mastodon: @[email protected] X.com: @talkpython Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes Michael on Mastodon: @[email protected] Michael on X.com: @mkennedy