Dairy Focus PaperCast

The SLICK haplotype, originally identified in Senepol cattle, has been introduced into Holsteins. Inheritance of the SLICK1 allele of the prolactin receptor gene improves thermotolerance of lactating Holstein cows under humid heat stress conditions.Dr. Anna Denicol of the University of California-Davis, along with her research group, recently published a study on whether pre- and postweaning Holstein heifers carrying the SLICK1 allele would show physiological responses indicative of higher tolerance to heat stress in high- and low-humidity climates. In this video, Dr. Phil Cardoso talks with Dr. Denicol about her work.Links to papers and other sources mentioned in this episodeCarmickle et al. 2022, Physiological responses of Holstein calves and heifers carrying the SLICK1 allele to heat stress in California and Florida dairy farms.https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00527-6/fulltextDOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22177Dikmen et al. 2014, The SLICK hair locus derived from Senepol cattle confers thermotolerance to intensively managed lactating Holstein cows.https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(14)00457-3/fulltextDOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8087Sosa et al. 2021, Inheritance of the SLICK1 allele of PRLR in cattle.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/age.13145DOI: 10.1111/age.13145Vapometer to measure the speed of water leaving the skinhttps://delfintech.com/products/vapometer/

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that traps energy far more efficiently than carbon dioxide. Reduction of methane emissions is thus essential to slowing climate change, and livestock are a major source of these emissions. Dr. Phil Cardoso talks with Dr. Alex Hristov of Penn State University about nutritional strategies for mitigating production of methane by dairy cattle. They discuss the effectiveness of several different feed additives at reducing methane emissions and their effects on DMI and milk production.Links to papers and other sources mentioned in this episodeHristov et al. 2022. Symposium review: Effective nutritional strategies to mitigate enteric methane in dairy cattle.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21398https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00392-7/fulltextInternational Methane Emissions Observatory (IMEO) https://www.unep.org/explore-topics/energy/what-we-do/imeoJoint EU-US Statement on the Global Methane Pledge https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_21_5206Hristov et al. 2015, An inhibitor persistently decreased enteric methane emission from dairy cows with no negative effect on milk production.DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1504124112https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.150412411273rd Annual Meeting of EAAP. Porto, Portugal, September 5–9 2022.https://eaap2022.org/docs/Final_Programme_EAAP22.pdf#page=53Arndt et al. 2022, Full adoption of the most effective strategies to mitigate methane emissions by ruminants can help meet the 1.5 °C target by 2030 but not 2050.DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111294119https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2111294119Duin et al. 2016, Mode of action uncovered for the specific reduction of methane emissions from ruminants by the small molecule 3-nitrooxypropanol.DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1600298113Pitta et al. 2022, The effect of 3-nitrooxypropanol, a potent methane inhibitor, on ruminal microbial gene expression profiles in dairy cows.DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01341-9https://microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40168-022-01341-9FAO-IPCC Expert Meeting on Climate Change, Land Use and Food Security. Rome, Italy January 23–25 2017.https://www.fao.org/3/i7068e/i7068e.pdfHristov and Melgar 2020, Short communication: Relationship of dry matter intake with enteric methane emission measured with the GreenFeed system in dairy cows receiving a diet without or with 3-nitrooxypropanol.DOI: 10.1017/S1751731120001731https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751731120001731?via%3Dihubhttps://globalresearchalliance.org/research/livestock/networks/feed-nutrition-network/Hammond et al. 2016, Review of current in vivo measurement techniques for quantifying enteric methane emission from ruminants.DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.018https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0377840116302048Roque et al. 2019, Inclusion of Asparagopsis armata in lactating dairy cows’ diet reduces enteric methane emission by over 50 percent.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652619321559DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.06.193Martins et al. 2022, Effects of feeding method and frequency on lactationalperformance and enteric methane emission in dairy cows.https://www.adsa.org/Portals/0/SiteContent/Docs/Meetings/2022ADSA/Abstracts_BOOK_2022.pdf#page=79Martins et al. 2022, Effects of botanical preparations on lactational perfor-mance and enteric methane emission in dairy cows.https://www.adsa.org/Portals/0/SiteContent/Docs/Meetings/2022ADSA/Abstracts_BOOK_2022.pdf#page=131

Dr. Phil Cardoso talks with Dr. Peter Erickson and Tess Stahl of the University of New Hampshire about the effects of feeding diets containing supplementary sodium butyrate and monensin on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and health in postweaned heifers. Links to papers mentioned in this episodeStahl TC, Hatungimana E, Klanderman KD, Moreland SC, Erickson PS. 2020. Sodium butyrate and monensin supplementation to postweaning heifer diets: Effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and health.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18584https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(20)30720-7/fulltextRice EM, Aragona KM, Moreland SC, Erickson PS. 2019.Supplementation of sodium butyrate to postweaned heifer diets: Effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and health.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15525https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30738684/Górka P, Kowalski ZM, Zabielski R, Guilloteau P. 2018. Invited review: Use of butyrate to promote gastrointestinal tract development in calves.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14086https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030218302212Kononoff PJ. Snow DD, Christiansen DA. 2017. Drinking Water for Dairy Cattle. Pages 611–624 in Large Dairy Herd Management.DOI: 10.3168/ldhm.0845https://ldhm.adsa.org/Rosa F, Busato S, Avaroma FC, Linville K, Trevisi E, Osorio JS. 2018. Transcriptional changes detected in fecal RNA of neonatal dairy calves undergoing a mild diarrhea are associated with inflammatory biomarkers.DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191599https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0191599Hatungimana E, Stahl TC, Erickson PS. 2020. Growth performance and apparent total tract nutrient digestibility of limit-fed diets containing wet brewer's grains to Holstein heifers.DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa079https://academic.oup.com/tas/article/4/3/txaa079/5855081

Dr. Phil Cardoso talks with Dr. Kate Creutzinger of the University of Guelph and Dr. Katy Proudfoot of the University of Prince Edward Island about the effects of prepartum stocking density and a blind on physiological biomarkers, health, and hygiene of transition Holstein dairy cows.Links to papers mentioned in this episodeCreutzinger et al. 2020, Effects of prepartum stocking density and a blind on physiological biomarkers, health, and hygiene of transition Holstein dairy cows.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18718https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(20)30905-X/fulltextEdwards et al. 2020, Calving location preference and changes in lying and exploratory behavior of preparturient dairy cattle with access to pasture.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17218https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(20)30252-6/fulltextZobel et al. 2020, The use of hides during and after calving in New Zealand dairy cows.DOI: 10.3390/ani10122255https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/12/2255 Creutzinger et al. 2021, The effect of stocking density and a blind on the behavior of Holstein dairy cattle in group maternity pens. Part I: Calving location, locomotion, and separation behavior.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19744https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(21)00453-7/fulltextCreutzinger et al. 2021, The effect of stocking density and a blind on the behavior of Holstein dairy cows in group maternity pens. Part II: Labor length, lying behavior, and social behavior.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19745https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(21)00454-9/fulltext

Dr. Phil Cardoso and Dr. Adam Lock of Michigan State University discuss Dr. Lock’s recent study on the effect of supplementing two major fatty acids, palmitic and oleic acid, in different ratios on milk production in high-, medium- and low-producing cows.Links to papers mentioned in this episodeWestern et al. 2020, Milk production responses to altering the dietary ratio of palmitic and oleic acids varies with production level in dairy cows. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-18936 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33069410/de Souza et al. 2019, Altering the ratio of dietary C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 interacts with production level in dairy cows: Effects on production responses and energy partitioning. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16374https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31495626/Lock et al. 2006, Concepts of fat and fatty acid digestion in ruminants. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266499830_Concepts_of_fat_and_fatty_acid_digestion_in_ruminantsBurch et al 2020, Milk production responses of dairy cows to fatty acid supplements with different ratios of palmitic and oleic acid in low- and high-fat basal diets. Abstract #175 in https://www.adsa.org/Portals/0/SiteContent/Docs/Meetings/2020ADSA/ADSA2020_Abstracts.pdf?v20200708.

Dr. Phil Cardoso and Dr. Jim Drackley of the University of Illinois and Dr. Bruce Richards of Delaware Valley University discuss their recent paper comparing prepartum low-energy or high-energy diets with a 2-diet far-off and close-up strategy for multiparous and primiparous cows.Links to papers mentioned in this episodeRichards et al. 2020, Comparison of prepartum low-energy or high-energy diets with a 2-diet far-off and close-up strategy for multiparous and primiparous cows.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18603https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32828502/Douglas et al. 2006, Prepartal plane of nutrition, regardless of dietary energy source, affects periparturient metabolism and dry matter intake in Holstein cows.DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72285-8https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16702281/Hawkes et al. 2020, Effects of wheat straw chop length in high-straw dry cow diets on intake, health, and performance of dairy cows across the transition period.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17033https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31668439/Hawkes et al. 2020, Moisture content of high-straw dry cow diets affects intake, health, and performance of transition dairy cows.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17557https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31837778/Coon et al. 2018, Effect of straw particle size on the behavior, health, and production of early-lactation dairy cows.10.3168/jds.2017-13920https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29705431/Mann et al. 2015, Dry period plane of energy: Effects on feed intake, energy balance, milk production, and composition in transition dairy cows.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-9024https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25771059/Drackley et al. 2014, Visceral adipose tissue mass in nonlactating dairy cows fed diets differing in energy density.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8014https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24704224/IN MEMORIAM: DAVID E. BEEVERhttps://www.rabdf.co.uk/latest-news/2015/6/3/professor-david-e-beever-31st-march-1944-16th-june-2014

Dr. Bill Weiss and Alex Tebbe of the Department of Animal Sciences at The Ohio State University join Dr. Phil Cardoso of the University of Illinois to discuss their recent paper about the effects of oscillating dietary crude protein concentrations on production, nutrient digestion, plasma metabolites, and body composition in lactating dairy cows.Links to papers mentioned in this episodeTebbe and Weiss 2020, Effects of oscillating dietary crude protein concentrations on production, nutrient digestion, plasma metabolites, and body composition in lactating dairy cows.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18613https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32896402/Agnew et al. 2005, Relationships between urea dilution measurements and body weight and composition of lactating dairy cows.DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72925-8https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15956310/

Dr. Stephen LeBlanc of the Ontario Veterinary College at the University of Guelph joins Dr. Phil Cardoso of the University of Illinois for a chat about metabolic disorders and fertility.Links to publications mentioned in this episodeDairy Cattle Fertility (FE20)https://hoards.com/article-27434-dairy-cattle-fertility-(fe20).htmlBook details:121 pages8.5 x 11 inchesSoftcover, perfect boundFull colorISBN 978-0-9960753-3-6Copyright 2020Jessica Gordon papers on ketosis:Gordon et al. 2017, Effects of a combination butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin product and insulin on ketosis resolution and milk production.DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11925https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(17)30149-2/fulltextGordon et al. 2013, Ketosis treatment in lactating dairy cattle. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.03.001https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0749072013000285?via%3DihubPascottini and LeBlanc 2020, Metabolic markers for purulent vaginal discharge and subclinical endometritis in dairy cows.DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.005https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32622204/Stephanie’s (my student) video on Metricheck toolhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jIhd8buSpHU&t=160sLeBlanc 2014, Reproductive tract inflammatory disease in postpartum dairy cows. DOI: 10.1017/S1751731114000524https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/animal/article/reproductive-tract-inflammatory-disease-in-postpartum-dairy-cows/598913738F82C7FC94A92F60C7C80524New Zealand paper:Burke et al., Relationships between endometritis and metabolic state during the transition period in pasture-grazed dairy cows.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20965352/

Dr. Phil Cardoso of the University of Illinois and Dr. Jackie Boerman of Purdue University discuss a review of published literature reporting protein mobilization measurements and potential methods to quantify protein mobilization that was performed to provide information about the timing and extent of tissue mobilization for dairy cattle.Links to papers mentioned in this episodeMcCabe and Boerman, Invited Review: Quantifying protein mobilization in dairy cows during the transition period.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590286520300720Bell, A. W., W. S. Burhans, and T. R. Overton. Protein nutrition in late pregnancy, maternal protein reserves and lactation performance in dairy cows.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665100000148https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10828181Bell, A. W., R. Slepetis, and R. A. Ehrhardt. Growth and accretion of energy and protein in the gravid uterus during late pregnancy in Holstein cows.https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022 -0302(95)76821-7https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8550905

In the last of three episodes that make up the first installment of the Dairy Focus Lab's new "PaperCast" series, Dr. Jim Drackley and Dr. Phil Cardoso of the University of Illinois continue their discussion of a symposium review on nutrition strategies for improved health, production, and fertility during the transition period.Links to papers mentioned in this episodeFREE version review until July 02, 2020: Symposium review: Nutrition strategies for improved health, production, and fertility during the transition periodhttps://authors.elsevier.com/a/1b3IT50bFT94%7EPart 1 of the discussion: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXV4Coi22VsPart 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFyXWOHEQBUPate et al., (Abstract 237, page 165) Effects of rumen-protected methionine fed to lactating Holstein cows during a heat stress challenge on blood biomarkers harvested at 2 time points post-feeding.https://www.adsa.org/Portals/0/SiteContent/Docs/Meetings/2019ADSA/2019ADSA_Abstract_Book.pdf?v20190715Dahl et al., Effects of late-gestation heat stress on immunity and performance of calves.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26805989Hans Stein webpagehttps://nutrition.ansci.illinois.edu/feed-ingredientsDiscover conferencehttps://www.adsa.org/Meetings/39th-Discover-Conference