E12 Child Soldiers: The War’s Youngest Victims

This is the second episode of our program in Nuer, the local language spoken in Unity state, in the area where Block 5A was located and where the alleged crimes were committed. This trial is about justice for the survivors, and we hope this podcast will reach the people affected and shed light on the process and the latest developments in court. Now in Nuer: Ci̱o̱kä di̱ɔ̱k: Naath tin nhiam tëë ŋäc min ci̱ tuɔɔk Nɛmɛ ɛ luk kɛ kui̱c dueri̱ köör Lundin, lääri̱ ti̱ lɔthrɔ̱ ti̱ caa riali̱kä ɛ Pak (PAX)  kɛnɛ Gi̱löbal Aydia (Global Idea) kɛ kui̱c luɔ̱k mi̱ gɔanykɛ cɛrkä liɛth Ithwidɛn min cɔali̱ Lundin. Kɛ jɛn rɛy ci̱o̱kä nɛmɛ, banɛ jëk kɛ naath tin nhiam tëë ŋäc min ci̱ tuɔɔk tin ci̱ we gua̱a̱th luaak luɔ̱k kä Ithtɔkɔlim kɛ ɣöö baa ŋäcdiɛn we lat kɛ kui̱c kä mëë ci̱ tuɔɔk kam ruɔ̱n 1999 kɛnɛ 2003 kä Bɔlɔk  5A. Bi̱ nɛy ruac kɛ ta̱a̱ in dee luak luɔ̱k naath luäk kɛ jek cuŋä, kɛ  tin caa la̱t ɛ cɛrkä liɛth rɛy köör amäni̱ ta̱a̱ in dee dhɔr Nuäärä mi̱ gɔaa jek ɛn wa̱nɛ kä Ithwidɛn. Naath tin te thi̱n: Pi̱tɔr Ri̱ŋ Patay Thomɛth Malual Kap Mathi̱w Mathi̱a̱ŋ Dɛ̈ɛ̈ŋ Ram in Nyuur naath: Ɣali̱ma Athumäni̱ Luɔtdɛ: Laat luɔ̱k kɛ kui̱c dui̱äri̱ köör tëë caa la̱t ɛ Lundin nöŋkɛ kɛ yiɛ ɛ Pak (PAX)  kɛnɛ Gi̱löbal Aydia (Global Idea). Dit ɛ pälɔ ɛ di̱t Kaŋ Jɛyjɛy kä caa riali̱kä ɛ Ruuth Bi̱o̱r. Ram in lät nɛmɛ ɛ Kajtha Thörma̱n. Gui̱l unpaiddebt.org kɛ kui̱c kä min lot nɛmɛjɛ kɛnɛ lääri̱ ti̱ ŋuan. Ɛn gua̱a̱th ɛmɔ bi̱i̱ ruaacni̱ ti̱ ŋuan we jek kɛ kui̱c ruac ɛmɛ kä naath tëë caa rik jek kɛnɛ gɔ̱a̱a̱r, bi̱i̱ ri̱ät gɔ̱a̱ri̱ we kuɛn kɛnɛ thurɛ gua̱th ëë tuɔk riɛk thi̱n ɛla gua̱a̱th ëë lät Lundi̱n thi̱n kä bi̱ lääri̱ ti̱ ŋuan we jek kɛ min lot ruac ɛmɛ jɛ.

Child Soldiers: The War’s Youngest Victims Children growing up in war zones are always deeply affected, and the war in Sudan was no exception. Kids as young as 6 and 7 years old were forcibly recruited, abducted from their homes and exposed to unimaginable violence and trauma, many were also forced to join the fighting.  In today's episode we will discuss the ongoing legal proceedings related to these grave violations and hear from two former child soldiers, Gawar Mud Wat and Steve Gawar Tungwar, who are two of the plaintiffs in the Lundin War Crimes Trial.  Participants:  - Gawar Mud Wat - Steve Gawar Tungwar Host: - Halima Athumani Background: This is the Lundin War Crimes Trial, brought to you by Pax and Global Idé. The music in this podcast is made by the artist JJ Kang and edited by Roos Boer, producer and editor Kajsa Sörman. Visit unpaiddebt.org for more background and updates from the trial. There you may also listen to more interviews with victims and experts, read expert analysis, an interactive map of attacks in Lundin’s concession area and access background information about the case.  

This is the second episode of our program in Nuer, the local language spoken in Unity state in the area where Block 5A was located and where the alleged crimes were committed. This trial is about justice for the survivors, and we hope this podcast will reach the people affected and shed light on the process and the latest developments in court. Now in Nuer: Pek in rɛwdɛ: Min nyooth thuɔ̱k Nɛmɛ ɛ luk dui̱äri̱ köör Lundin, lääri̱ ti̱ ca la̱t ɛ Pak (PAX) kɛnɛ Gi̱löbal Aydia (Global Idea) kɛ kui̱c luɔ̱k dui̱äri̱ ti̱ gɔany kɛɛ cɛrkä liɛth ji̱ I̱thwi̱dɛn (Swedish) in cɔali̱ Lundin. Kɛ jɛn ci̱o̱k ɛmɛ, bi̱ nɛy ruac kɛ kui̱c kä min ci̱ muktäp luɔ̱kni̱ jɛ lat kɛ ɣöö derɛ go̱o̱ny  ji̱ Thɔth Thuda̱n da̱a̱k kɛnɛ luk dui̱rä, kä dee nɔmɔ baŋ kiɛn kɛ jek cuŋä ya̱r i̱di̱? Bi̱ jëk kɛ buɔ̱n ji̱ ruaacni̱ Thɔth Thuda̱n tëë ci̱ luk gui̱l kä I̱thtɔkɔlim (Stockholm) amäni̱ kuär ŋuɔ̱tni̱ (gaadhi̱) kɛnɛ ram in ci̱ thuɔ̱k kä ta̱a̱ in dee cuɔ̱ŋ raami̱ thiɛl dui̱är gaŋ kɛ jɛ. Kɔn bä ca̱kɔ guic ɛlɔ̱ŋ rɛy ca̱a̱pni̱ duël luɔ̱k kä buɔ̱n ga̱a̱ŋni̱ rɛy luɔ̱k, ci̱ nɛy tɛɛriɛn thɛm kɛ ta̱a̱ in ci̱ kɛnɛ riali̱kä i̱ dee kɛn kuëth luɔ̱k pën kɛ jɛ. Canɛ we kä tin pay tuɔɔk rɛy luɔ̱k dui̱äri̱ köör lundin. Naath tëë te thi̱n: Ji̱ɔrji̱ Tay Kuɔny, Rami̱ laa ruac kɛ ta̱a̱ cuŋni̱ ran kä ɛ kuär ŋuɔ̱tni̱ Pi̱tɔr Way, Rami̱ laa ruac kɛ ta̱a̱ cuŋni̱ ran kä ɛ kuär ŋuɔ̱tni̱ Pa̱ni̱ Ɣölim,Rami̱ gɔ̱ɔ̱r kä Umia Yuni̱bo̱thi̱ti̱ Andɛrɛth Ɛthjɔrgɛn, luek kä pilɛ̈nti̱p Ithabɛl Ithkultidh, Ɛ gɔ̱ɔ̱r mi̱di̱i̱t duel gɔ̱rä ŋuɔ̱tni̱ ciɛŋni̱ nath kä Lundi̱th Yuni̱bo̱thi̱ti̱ Maykɔ̱l Ɛkman, Ram in cuum in di̱i̱t kä ga̱a̱ŋ cuŋni̱ ji̱ wec  Ram in nyuur naath: Ɣalima Athumani̱ Luɔtdɛ Lääri̱ lɛ kui̱c luɔ̱k dui̱äri̱ köör Lundin nöŋkɛ kɛ yiɛ ɛ Pak (PAX) kɛnɛ Gi̱löbal Aydia (Global Idea). Ɛn dit ɛ te rɛy ruac ɛmɛ ɛ dit tuerä ni̱ Kaŋ Jɛyjɛy kä caa riali̱kä ɛ Ruuth Bi̱or. Ram in lät jɛ kä rial jɛ i̱ kä ɛ Kajtha Thorman. Gui̱l unpaiddebt.org kɛ kui̱c laatni̱ ti̱ ŋuan kɛnɛ tin pay tuɔɔk kɛ kui̱c luɔ̱k ɛmɛ. Ɛn wi̱ni̱, bi̱ thiecni̱ tin ca thiec naath tin ci̱ rik jek kɛnɛ ji̱ ŋäcä we liŋ. Kuɛn jɔw ji̱ ŋäcä. Guic thurɛ gua̱th köör kä Lundin kä jek lääri̱ kɛ kui̱c kä min lot ruac ɛmɛ jɛ.

The First Witnesses The trial has entered a new phase, marking a significant moment as the first South Sudanese witnesses take the stand. For several days, both the prosecution and defense teams have meticulously analyzed their testimonies, deconstructing the details of their statements. Pastor James Dong Kuong Ninrew and Reverend Matthew Mattiang Deang were among the first to testify. Listen to their accounts of their courtroom experiences, shedding light on a very special moment in this trial. Participants: - James Dong Kuong Ninrew- Matthew Mattiang Deang Host: - Halima Athumani Background: This is the Lundin War Crimes Trial, that is brought to you by Pax and Global Idé. The music in this podcast is made by the artist JJ Kang and edited by Roos Boer, producer and editor Kajsa Sörman. Visit unpaiddebt.org for more background and updates from the trial. There you may also listen to more interviews with victims and experts, read expert analysis, an interactive map of attacks in Lundin’s concession area and access background information about the case.  

The Defense Tactics The defense has finished their presentations in court, and we all wonder: what is their strategy, and did they present any striking new evidence to prove their clients' innocence?  In this episode, we delve into the courtroom tactics used by the defense team, examining their key arguments and how they aim to counter the prosecution. We'll also explore what this means for the ongoing trial and how these legal maneuvers could shape the outcome of this high-stakes case.  With us to discuss we have Isabel Schoultz, Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology of Law at Lunds University, who is studying the Lundin case and Mikael Ekman, senior legal adviser at Civil Rights Defenders. Participants:  - Isabel Schoultz, Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology of Law at Lunds University - Mikael Ekman, senior legal adviser at Civil Rights Defenders Host: - Halima Athumani Background: This is the Lundin War Crimes Trial, that is brought to you by Pax and Global Idé. The music in this podcast is made by the artist JJ Kang and edited by Roos Boer, producer and editor Kajsa Sörman. Visit unpaiddebt.org for more background and updates from the trial. There you may also listen to more interviews with victims and experts, read expert analysis, an interactive map of attacks in Lundin’s concession area and access background information about the case.  

This is the first episode of our program in Nuer, the local language spoken in Unity state in the area where Block 5A was located and where the alleged crimes were committed. Pek in nhiam: Ɛ luk tuɔkɛ Nɛmɛ ɛ luk duäri̱ köör Lundin, thilɛmak mi̱ lɔthrɔ mi̱ la̱tkɛ ɛ Pak (PAX) kɛnɛ Gölöbal Mi̱dia (Global Media) kɛ kui̱c duäri̱ ti̱ ca la̱t ɛ cɛrkä liɛth Ithwidic (Swedish). Bööth cɛrkä kä da̱ŋ rɛw, Yan Lundin (Ian Lundin)  kɛnɛ Alɛ̈k Ithkɛniɛtɛr (Alex Schneiter) ka rɛy luɔ̱k kä Ithtɔkɔlim (Stockholm) kɛ kui̱c duäri̱ köör tëë ca la̱t kɛ Thuda̱n kɛ ruɔ̱n 1999 ɛ we kä 2003. Ca naath ti̱ cop 200,000 woc dho̱ri̱ kiɛn kä kɛ naath ti̱ diɛwkɛ i̱ cop 12,000 ti̱ ci̱ tëkdiɛn bath. Bi̱ miric Ithwi̱dɛn kɛ nöŋ nhiam ŋutä? Kɛ jɛn pek ɛmɛ, ba̱kɔ ji̱ nööŋ kɛ kɔ kɛɛl dueel miric. Bi̱ ruac nath tin tekɛ ŋäc liŋ kɛ kui̱c luɔ̱k amäni̱ tuk kä ta̱a̱ in ci̱ liɛth ɛ yärni̱ ko̱r rɛy Thuda̱n kä rɔa kɛnɛ ta̱a̱ in bɛ yärni̱ tëk nath kä Thɔth Thuda̱n. Naath tin te gua̱th luɔ̱k Lɛbɛn Mörö, kuär kä Jubɛ Yunibo̱thi̱ti̱ kä ŋi̱i̱cɛ gua̱a̱th malä kɛnɛ cuɔ̱p.  Mari̱na Pi̱tɔr, ɛ jɛn took mat ji̱ Yurɔp kɛ kui̱c liɛth kä Thuda̱n mëë gɔ̱ɔ̱r läär in cɔali̱ "Ŋuäl ti̱ ka̱n pik." Mak Kɛlɛmbɛk, gɔ̱ɔ̱r indi̱i̱t duel gɔ̱rä ŋuɔ̱tni̱ kumɛ kä Ithtɔkɔlim Yuni̱bo̱thi̱ti̱. Mi̱kël Ɛkman, gääŋ cuŋni̱ ji̱ wec. Ram in lot la̱tɛ:  Alima Athumani̱ Luɔtdɛ Luk duäri̱ köör Lundin, thilɛmak mi̱ lɔthrɔ mi̱ nöŋkɛ ji̱ ɛ Pak (PAX) kɛnɛ Gölöbal Mi̱dia (Global Media). Dit in tekä thilɛmak ɛmɛ kɛtɛ pa̱na̱n ni̱ Kaŋ Jɛyjɛy kä ca riali̱kä ɛ Ruuth Bi̱o̱r. Ram in lätjɛ kɛnɛ ram in rialjɛ i̱ kä ɛ Kajtha Thörman. Wër kä unpaiddebt.org kɛ ɣöö bi̱ luɔtdɛ kɛnɛ lääri̱ jek kɛ kui̱c  luɔ̱k. Ɛn gua̱th ɛmɔ, bi̱ thiecni̱ ti̱ ŋuan ti̱ ca thiec naath tin ci̱ riɛk jek kɛnɛ naath tin ŋäc ŋɔak jek, kuɛn ruaacni̱ nath tin ŋäc ŋɔak, gui̱äcdiɛn kɛnɛ luɔt gua̱th ëë tuɔɔk riɛk thi̱n gua̱th i̱n ŋa̱th Lundin thi̱n kä bi̱i̱ luɔt ruac luɔ̱k ɛmɛ we jek.  

The OMV Case and Rethinking CSR Around the world, there are more and more cases involving companies' complicity in human rights abuses. In the Sudan operation, Lundin cooperated with two companies: Petronas of Malaysia and OMV from Austria. An Austrian NGO has just filed a complaint against OMV, accusing them of crimes in South Sudan together with Lundin. Much of the evidence presented in the complaint comes from the indictment against Lundin. We have invited one of the lawyers who has helped prepare the case to give us the details of the process ahead. We will also discuss how legislation has changed and what effect this has on companies today. Are companies at greater risk of being prosecuted for operations today? And does this lead to multinational corporations taking more responsibility for the environmental and social effects of their operations? Participants:  - Astrid Reisinger Coracini, Senior Lecturer and Researcher in International Law who also serves on the Advisory Board of CEHRI – the Vienna based Centre for the Enforcement of Human Rights International, which prepared the complaint against OMV together with the Dutch peace organization PAX. - Professor David Whyte, Director of the Centre for Climate Crime and Climate Justice at Queen Mary University of London.  Host:   - Halima Athumani Background:  This is the Lundin War Crimes Trial, that is brought to you by Pax and Global Idé. The music in this podcast is made by the artist JJ Kang and edited by Roos Boer, producer and editor Kajsa Sörman. Visit unpaiddebt.org for more background and updates from the trial. There you may also listen to more interviews with victims and experts, read expert analysis, an interactive map of attacks in Lundin’s concession area and access background information about the case.

Was the World Silent? The defense is arguing that Lundins business in Sudan was accepted by the international community. The UN did not intervene, nor did the EU. Is that true? Was the world silent?  We decided to take a closer look at who spoke out to stop the atrocities and who kept quiet. We also discuss how the different actors are responding today in the current civil war that is tearing Sudan apart.  Participants:  - Nicholas Coghlan, ex Canadian diplomat who has served both in Sudan and in South Sudan, author of two books about his experiences from that time Far in the Waste Sudan and Collapse of a Country: A Diplomat’s Memoir of South Sudan - Marina Peter, founder of the European Coalition on Oil in Sudan, that published the report, Unpaid Debt Host:   - Halima Athumani Background:  This is the Lundin War Crimes Trial, that is brought to you by Pax and Global Idé. The music in this podcast is made by the artist JJ Kang and edited by Roos Boer. Visit unpaiddebt.org for more background and updates from the trial. There you may also listen to more interviews with victims and experts, read expert analysis, an interactive map of attacks in Lundin’s concession area and access background information about the case.

Is the System Broken? There are a number of international binding and non-binding conventions put in place to protect victims of war crimes, but to what extent is the international community living up to its obligations? In this episode, we discuss how the legal system is failing victims and how to fix it. You will also get the latest updates from the trial. With us to discuss this we have the lawyer Anders Sjögren, who, as a legal counsel, represents half of the plaintiffs in the Lundin war crimes case. Also Fanny Holm, whose research focuses on the legal framework for states to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes, as well as the legal means available for providing reparations to victims of those crimes. Participants: - Fanny Holm, researcher at Umeå University - Anders Sjögren, plaintiff’s counsel Host:   - Halima Athumani Background:  This is the Lundin War Crimes Trial, that is brought to you by Pax and Global Idé. The music in this podcast is made by the artist JJ Kang and edited by Roos Boer, producer and editor Kajsa Sörman. Visit unpaiddebt.org for more background and updates from the trial. There you may also listen to more interviews with victims and experts, read expert analysis, an interactive map of attacks in Lundin’s concession area and access background information about the case.

The Victims Left with Nothing There have been major developments in the trial. On November 22, 2023, the court decided to separate the South Sudanese plaintiff's claims for compensation from the war crimes trial. Instead, the victims will have to start separate civil cases that require them to deposit 45 000 euros each. The court argues that the claims for compensation were handed in too late and that the power of attorneys is still missing. What will this mean for the victims? In this episode, meet George and Peter, South Sudanese activists who have attended the court hearings. They will share their views on the trial and the latest developments. Participants:  - George Tai Kuony, human rights activist and lawyer - Peter Wai, human rights activist and lawyer Host:   - Halima Athumani Background:  This is the Lundin War Crimes Trial, that is brought to you by Pax and Global Idé. The music in this podcast is made by the artist JJ Kang and edited by Roos Boer, producer and editor Kajsa Sörman. Visit unpaiddebt.org for more background and updates from the trial. There you may also listen to more interviews with victims and experts, read expert analysis, an interactive map of attacks in Lundin’s concession area and access background information about the case.