Learn Medical Mandarin Chinese

This is part 5 of the anesthesia encounter. In this episode, you will learn learn how to guide the patient into the operating room, place monitors, administer oxygen, induce anesthesia, and communicate with the patient as they wake up in the recovery room.--------------------------------------------------(2:11) - operating room - Shǒushù shì - 手术室(2:49) - slowly - Mànmàn - 慢慢(3:06) - to move/to scoot - Yí - 移(3:21) - operating table - Shǒushù tái - 手术台(4:15) - lie flat - Tǎngpíng - 躺平(4:35) - both sides - Liǎngbiān - 两边(5:04) - to put on - Dài shàng - 戴上(5:27) - monitors/monitoring equipment - Jiāncè shèbèi - 监测设备(6:16) - mask - Miànzhào - 面罩(6:40) - face - Liǎn - 脸(7:07) - oxygen - Yǎngqì - 氧气(7:30) - deep breath - Shēn hūxī - 深呼吸(8:18) - anesthesia medication - Mázuì yào - 麻醉药(8:24) - to go in - Jìnqù - 进去(8:50) - entire/whole - Zhěnggè - 整个(9:02) - to accompany/be with - Péizhe - 陪着(9:24) - don't worry/relax - Fàngxīn - 放心(9:52) - continue - Jìxù - 继续(10:11) - very soon/very quickly - Hěn kuài - 很快(10:35) - finished/over - Jiéshù - 结束(10:54) - to open - Zhēngkāi - 睁开(11:10) - eyes - Yǎnjīng - 眼睛(11:47) - recovery room - Huīfù shì - 恢复室(13:02) - pain medication/painkiller - Zhǐtòng yào - 止痛药(13:31) - to tell - Gàosù - 告诉(13:49) - anti-nausea medication - Zhǐtǔ yào - 止吐药(14:28) - smoothly - Shùnlì - 顺利(14:59) - speedy recovery - Zǎorì kāngfù - 早日康复--------------------------------------------------ConversationAnesthesiologist: Hǎo le. Wǒmen xiànzài yào qù shǒushù shì le. 好了。我们现在要去手术室了。 Alright. We're going to the operating room now.Anesthesiologist: Qǐng mànmàn yí dào shǒushù tái shàng. 请慢慢移到手术台上。 Please scoot over onto the operating table.Patient: Hǎo de. 好的。 Okay.Anesthesiologist: Hěn hǎo. Xiànzài qǐng tǎng píng, bǎ liǎng zhī shǒu fàng zài liǎngbiān. 很好。现在请躺平，把两只手放在两边。 Very good. Now lie flat and place both of your arms at your sides.Anesthesiologist: Wǒmen xiànzài gěi nǐ dài shàng jiāncè shèbèi. 我们现在给你戴上监测设备。 We're going to put the monitors on you now.Anesthesiologist: Wǒ yào bǎ zhège miànzhào fàng zài nǐ de liǎn shàng. 我要把这个面罩放在你的脸上。 I'm going to place this mask over your face.Anesthesiologist: Zhè zhǐshì yǎngqì. Qǐng shēn hūxī, mànmàn hūxī. 这只是氧气。请深呼吸，慢慢呼吸。 It's just oxygen. Take some nice, deep breaths.Patient: Hǎo de. 好的。 Okay.Anesthesiologist: Wǒ xiànzài yào tōngguò nǐ de jìngmài gěi nǐ mázuì yào. Zhè gè yào jìnqù de shíhou kěnéng huì yǒu yìdiǎn téng. 我现在要通过你的静脉给你麻醉药。这个药进去的时候可能会有一点疼。I'm going to give your anesthesia medication through your IV now. It may sting a little as it goes in.Anesthesiologist: Zhěnggè shǒushù guòchéng zhōng, wǒ dōu huì péizhe nǐ, qǐng fàngxīn. 整个手术过程中，我都会陪着你，请放心。 I'll be with you throughout the surgery, so don't worry.Anesthesiologist: Qǐng jìxù shēn hūxī. Nǐ hěn kuài jiù huì shuìzháo le. 请继续深呼吸。你很快就会睡着了。 Keep taking deep breaths. You'll be asleep very soon.Patient: Hǎo... 好…… Okay...[NARRATOR]: The surgery is completed. Later, in the recovery room...Anesthesiologist: Shǒushù jiéshù le. Kěyǐ zhēngkāi yǎnjing ma? 手术结束了。可以睁开眼睛吗？ The surgery is over. Can you open your eyes?Patient: Wǒ xǐng le. 我醒了。 I'm awake.Anesthesiologist: Hěn hǎo. Nǐ xiànzài zài huīfù shì. 很好。你现在在恢复室。 Very good. You're in the recovery room now.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ xiànzài juéde zěnmeyàng? Yǒu méiyǒu téng huò èxīn? 你现在觉得怎么样？有没有疼或恶心？How are you feeling? Do you have any pain or nausea?Patient: Yǒu yìdiǎn téng. 有一点疼。 I have a little pain.Anesthesiologist: Hǎo de. Wǒmen huì gěi nǐ zhǐtòng yào. Rúguǒ nǐ juéde èxīn, yě qǐng gàosù wǒmen, wǒmen huì gěi nǐ zhǐtǔ yào. 好的。我们会给你止痛药。如果你觉得恶心，也请告诉我们，我们会给你止吐药。 Okay. We'll give you pain medication. If you start to feel nauseated, let us know and we'll give you medicine for that as well.Anesthesiologist: Shǒushù hěn shùnlì. Zhù nǐ zǎorì kāngfù! 手术很顺利。祝你早日康复！ Your surgery went very well. I wish you a speedy recovery!Patient: Xièxie nǐ! 谢谢你！ Thank you!

This is part 4 of the anesthesia encounter. In this episode, you will learn to perform an airway exam, explain the plan for general anesthesia, and obtain consent.--------------------------------------------------ConversationAnesthesiologist: Wǒ xiān kàn yíxià nǐ de zuǐba hé bózi. 我先看一下你的嘴巴和脖子。 I'm going to take a look at your mouth and neck first.Anesthesiologist: Qǐng bǎ zuǐ zhāng kāi yìdiǎn. 请把嘴张开一点。 Please open your mouth a little wider.Patient: Hǎo de. 好的。 Okay.Anesthesiologist: Qǐng shēnchū nǐ de shétou. 请伸出你的舌头。 Please stick out your tongue.Patient: Hǎo de. 好的。 Okay.Anesthesiologist: Qǐng tóu xiān wǎng shàng kàn, zài wǎng xià kàn, ránhòu zuǒyòu zhuǎn yíxià. 请头先往上看，再往下看，然后左右转一下。 Please look up first, then down, and then turn your head from side to side.Patient: Hǎo de. 好的。 Okay.Anesthesiologist: Hǎo de. Xiànzài wǒ gēn nǐ jiěshì yíxià jīntiān de mázuì jìhuà.好的。现在我跟你解释一下今天的麻醉计划。 Okay. Now I will explain today's anesthesia plan.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ jīntiān huì zuò quánshēn mázuì. 你今天会做全身麻醉。 Today you will have general anesthesia.Anesthesiologist: Wǒ huì tōngguò nǐ de jìngmài gěi nǐ yòng yào, ràng nǐ shuìzháo. 我会通过你的静脉给你用药，让你睡着。 I will give you medication through your IV to help you fall asleep.Anesthesiologist: Děng nǐ shuìzháo yǐhòu, wǒmen huì fàng yì gēn hūxīguǎn, bāngzhù bǎohù nǐ zài shǒushù qījiān de ānquán. 等你睡着以后，我们会放一根呼吸管，帮助保护你在手术期间的安全。 After you are asleep, we will place a breathing tube to help protect you during surgery.Anesthesiologist: Shǒushù jiéshù qián, wǒ huì bǎ hūxīguǎn qǔ chūlái. Nǐ xǐnglái shí bù huì yǒu zhè gēn guǎnzi. 手术结束前，我会把呼吸管取出来。你醒来时不会有这根管子。 Before the surgery is finished, I will remove the breathing tube. You will not have the tube when you wake up.Anesthesiologist: Shǒushù hòu, nǐ de hóulóng kěnéng huì yǒu yìdiǎn bù shūfu huò téng. 手术后，你的喉咙可能会有一点不舒服或疼。 After surgery, your throat may feel a little sore or uncomfortable.Anesthesiologist: Zhè shì yóuyū hūxīguǎn yǐnqǐ de, tōngcháng jǐ tiān nèi huì hǎo. 这是由于呼吸管引起的，通常几天内会好。 This is caused by the breathing tube and usually improves within a few days.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ zhīqián shuō guò mázuì hòu huì ěxīn, suǒyǐ wǒmen huì tōngguò gěi nǐ yòng yào lái yùfáng ěxīn. 你之前说过麻醉后会恶心，所以我们会通过给你用药来预防恶心。 You mentioned that you had nausea after anesthesia before, so we will give you medication to help prevent it.Anesthesiologist: Wǒmen yě huì gēnjù nǐ de qíngkuàng gěi nǐ téngtòng yào huò qítā xūyào de yào. 我们也会根据你的情况给你疼痛药或其他需要的药。 We will also give you pain medication and any other medications you need based on your condition.Anesthesiologist: Zài shǒushù guòchéng zhōng, wǒ huì yìzhí jiāndū nǐ, quèbǎo nǐ de ānquán hé shūfu. 在手术过程中，我会一直监督你，确保你的安全和舒服。 During surgery, I will continuously monitor you to make sure you are safe and comfortable.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ dōu míngbái le ma? Yǒu méiyǒu rènhé wèntí? 你都明白了吗？有没有任何问题？ Do you understand everything? Do you have any questions?Patient: Míngbái le. Méiyǒu wèntí. 明白了。没有问题。 I understand. No questions.Anesthesiologist: Hǎo de. Zhè shì mázuì tóngyì shū. Qǐng zài zhèlǐ qiānmíng. 好的。这是麻醉同意书，请在这里签名。 Okay. This is the anesthesia consent form. Please sign here.Patient: Hǎo de. 好的。 Okay.Anesthesiologist: Xièxie. Wǒmen zhǔnbèi hǎo yǐhòu jiù kāishǐ shǒushù. 谢谢。我们准备好以后就开始手术。 Thank you. Once we are ready, we will begin surgery.

This is part 3 of the anesthesia encounter. In this episode, you will learn to ask about family history of anesthesia problems, screen for neurological issues like stroke and seizures, assess kidney function, evaluate cardiac functional capacity with the stair-climbing question, and screen for sleep apnea and acid reflux.--------------------------------------------------(1:53) - family members - Jiārén - 家人(2:09) - receive - Jiēshòu - 接受 (2:14) - to receive anesthesia - Jiēshòu mázuì - 接受麻醉(2:42) - had problems - Chūxiàn guò wèntí - (3:25) - nervous system - Shénjīng xìtǒng - 神经系统 (4:22) - stroke - Zhòngfēng - 中风(4:45) - seizures - Chōuchù - 抽搐 (6:09) - kidney - Shènzàng - 肾脏(7:02) - to climb stairs - Pá lóutī - 爬楼梯(7:14) - two flights - Liǎng céng - 两层(7:29) - chest pain - Xiōngtòng - 胸痛(7:54) - shortness of breath - Qìchuǎn - 气喘 (8:38) - sleep - Shuìjiào - 睡觉 (8:58) - breathing/respiration - Hūxī  - 呼吸(9:28) - to pause/to stop temporarily - Zàntíng - 暂停 (10:32) - CPAP machine - Hūxījī - 呼吸机(10:56) - every night - Měitiān wǎnshang - 每天晚上(11:18) - recently - Zuìjìn - 最近 (11:31) - cold - Gǎnmào - 感冒 (11:45) - cough - Késou - 咳嗽 (12:17) - stomach acid - Wèisuān - 胃酸 (12:39) - reflux - Fǎnliú - 反流(12:57) - acid reflux - Wèisuān fǎnliú - 胃酸反流(13:07) - serious - Yánzhòng - 严重(13:25) - answer - Huídá - 回答 --------------------------------------------------ConversationAnesthesiologist: Nǐ de jiārén jiēshòu mázuì shí yǒu méiyǒu chūxiàn guò wèntí? 你的家人接受麻醉时有没有出现过问题？ Has anyone in your family ever had problems with anesthesia?Patient: Méiyǒu. 没有。 No.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ yǒu méiyǒu shénjīng xìtǒng de wèntí, bǐrú zhòngfēng huò chōuchù? 你有没有神经系统的问题，比如中风或抽搐？ Do you have any neurological problems, such as stroke or seizures?Patient: Méiyǒu. 没有。 No.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ yǒu méiyǒu shènzàng de wèntí? 你有没有肾脏的问题？ Do you have any kidney problems?Patient: Méiyǒu. 没有。 No.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ pá liǎng céng lóutī huì bú huì xiōngtòng huò qìchuǎn? 你爬两层楼梯会不会胸痛或气喘？ Do you get chest pain or shortness of breath when climbing two flights of stairs?Patient: Bú huì, méi wèntí. 不会，没问题。 No, not at all.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ shuìjiào shí hūxī huì tūrán zàntíng ma? 你睡觉时呼吸会突然暂停吗？ Do you have sleep apnea?Patient: Huì. 会。 Yes.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ píngcháng yǒu shǐyòng hūxījī ma? 你平常有使用呼吸机吗？ Do you normally use a CPAP machine?Patient: Yǒu, wǒ měitiān wǎnshang dōu yòng. 有，我每天晚上都用。 Yes, I use it every night.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ zuìjìn yǒu méiyǒu gǎnmào huò késou? 你最近有没有感冒或咳嗽？ Have you had a cold or cough recently?Patient: Méiyǒu. 没有。 No.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ yǒu wèisuān fǎnliú ma? 你有胃酸反流吗？ Do you have acid reflux?Patient: Yǒu yìdiǎn, dànshì bù yánzhòng. 有一点，但是不严重。 A little, but it's not serious.Anesthesiologist: Hǎo de. Xièxie nǐ de huídá. 好的。谢谢你的回答。 Okay. Thank you for answering my questions.

In this episode, we will review how to explain to a patient who needs a screening colonoscopy.--------------------------------------------------Vocabulary:(01:54) average risk – yībān fēngxiǎn, 一般风险(02:10) for people / for those who – duìyú … de rén, 对于…的人(02:30) to recommend – jiànyì, 建议(02:42) to start – kāishǐ, 开始(02:51) screening – shāichá, 筛查(02:59) age – suì, 岁(04:09) in order to – wèile, 为了(04:19) early – zǎo diǎn, 早点(04:25) to discover / detect – fāxiàn, 发现(04:32) problem / issue – wèntí, 问题(05:21) to lower / reduce – jiàngdī, 降低(05:30) risk – fēngxiǎn, 风险(06:28) family member / family – jiārén, 家人(06:39) to have had (a disease) – dé guò, 得过(07:10) or – huòzhě, 或者(07:20) risk factors – fēngxiǎn yīnsù, 风险因素(07:59) may need – kěnéng xūyào, 可能需要(08:08) earlier / ahead of time – tíqián, 提前(08:15) to check / to be screened – jiǎnchá, 检查--------------------------------------------------Dialogue:Duìyú yībān fēngxiǎn de rén.对于一般风险的人，For people at average risk.Wǒmen jiànyì cóng sìshíwǔ suì kāishǐ shāichá.我们建议从四十五岁开始筛查。We recommend starting screening at age forty-five.Zhè shì wèile zǎo diǎn fāxiàn wèntí.这是为了早点发现问题。This is to find problems early.Kěyǐ jiàngdī jiécháng’ái de fēngxiǎn.可以降低结肠癌的风险。It can lower the risk of colon cancer.Rúguǒ nǐ yǒu jiārén dé guò jiécháng’ái.如果你有家人得过结肠癌，If you have a family history of colon cancer.Huòzhě yǒu qítā jiécháng’ái de fēngxiǎn yīnsù.或者有其他结肠癌的风险因素。Or other colon cancer risk factors.Nǐ kěnéng xūyào tíqián jiǎnchá.你可能需要提前检查。You may need screening earlier.

This is part 2 of the anesthesia encounter. In this episode, you will learn to ask about chronic diseases, daily medications, blood thinners, and drug allergies.--------------------------------------------------(1:40) - medical history - bìngshǐ - 病史(1:49) - chronic disease - mànxìng bìng - 慢性病(2:04) - high blood pressure / hypertension - gāo xuèyā - 高血压(2:12) - diabetes - tángniàobìng - 糖尿病(2:28) - heart disease - xīnzàng bìng - 心脏病(2:38) - asthma - xiàochuǎn - 哮喘(2:51) - to take medicine - chī yào - 吃药(2:59) - every day - měitiān - 每天(3:15) - blood pressure medicine - jiàng yā yào - 降压药(3:27) - blood sugar medicine - jiàng xuètáng yào - 降血糖药(3:45) - aspirin - āsīpǐlín - 阿司匹林(3:55) - blood thinner - kàngníng yào - 抗凝药(4:15) - this morning - jīntiān zǎoshang - 今天早上(4:37) - a little water - yīdiǎn shuǐ - 一点水(4:52) - allergy / allergic - guòmǐn - 过敏(5:01) - any - rènhé - 任何(5:12) - penicillin - qīngméisù - 青霉素(5:30) - reaction - fǎnyìng - 反应(5:38) - rash - pízhěn - 皮疹(5:45) - difficulty breathing - hūxī kùnnán - 呼吸困难(5:52) - other symptoms - qítā zhèngzhuàng - 其他症状(6:12) - whole body - quánshēn - 全身(6:36) - to note / to record - jìlù - 记录(6:43) - to avoid - bìmiǎn - 避免--------------------------------------------------ConversationAnesthesiologist: Xiànzài wǒ yào liǎojiě nǐ de bìngshǐ. Nǐ yǒu shénme mànxìng bìng ma? 现在我要了解你的病史。你有什么慢性病吗？ Now I need to understand your medical history. Do you have any chronic diseases?Patient: Wǒ yǒu gāo xuèyā hé tángniàobìng. 我有高血压和糖尿病。 I have high blood pressure and diabetes.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ yǒu xīnzàng bìng huò xiàochuǎn ma? 你有心脏病或哮喘吗？ Do you have heart disease or asthma?Patient: Méiyǒu. 没有。 No.Anesthesiologist: Hǎo de. Nǐ měitiān chī shénme yào? 好的。你每天吃什么药？ Okay. What medications do you take every day?Patient: Wǒ chī jiàng yā yào hé jiàng xuètáng yào. 我吃降压药和降血糖药。 I take blood pressure medicine and blood sugar medicine.Anesthesiologist: Nǐ yǒu chī āsīpǐlín huò qítā kàngníng yào ma? 你有吃阿司匹林或其他抗凝药吗？ Do you take aspirin or other blood thinners?Patient: Méiyǒu chī. 没有吃。 No, I don't.Anesthesiologist: Jīntiān zǎoshang nǐ chī yào le ma? 今天早上你吃药了吗？ Did you take your medicine this morning?Patient: Chī le, yě hē le yīdiǎn shuǐ. 吃了，也喝了一点水。 Yes, and I also drank a little water.Anesthesiologist: Hǎo de. Nǐ duì rènhé yào guòmǐn ma? 好的。你对任何药过敏吗？ Okay. Are you allergic to any medications?Patient: Wǒ duì qīngméisù guòmǐn. 我对青霉素过敏。 I am allergic to penicillin.Anesthesiologist: Yǒu shénme fǎnyìng? Shì pízhěn, hūxī kùnnán, háishì qítā zhèngzhuàng? 有什么反应？是皮疹、呼吸困难、还是其他症状？ What kind of reaction? A rash, difficulty breathing, or other symptoms?Patient: Shì pízhěn, quánshēn dōu yǒu. 是皮疹，全身都有。 A rash, all over my body.Anesthesiologist: Wǒ huì jìlù xiàlai. Wǒmen huì bìmiǎn shǐyòng qīngméisù. 我会记录下来。我们会避免使用青霉素。I will note this down. We will avoid using penicillin.

In this episode, you will learn the basic parts of the anesthesia encounter. You will learn to introduce yourself, verify patient identity, check fasting status, and ask about previous anesthesia.--------------------------------------------------Vocabulary:(1:32) doctor - yī shēng - 医生(1:38) to be responsible for - fù zé - 负责(1:48) anesthesia procedure - má zuì shǒu shù - 麻醉手术(2:43) tell me - gào sù wǒ - 告诉我(2:52) name - míng zì - 名字(3:01) date of birth - chū shēng rì qī - 出生日期(3:49) to know - zhī dào - 知道(3:57) surgery - shǒu shù - 手术(4:27) to remove (surgically) - qiē chú - 切除(4:36) gallbladder - dǎn náng - 胆囊(4:55) last / most recently - zuì hòu - 最后(5:02) to eat - chī dōngxī - 吃东西(5:08) to drink - hē dōng xī - 喝东西(5:16) time- shí jiān - 时间(5:53) also/again - yòu - 又(6:11) before/in the past - yǐ qián - 以前(6:18) have experienced - jiē shòu guò - 接受过(6:56) C-section - pōu fù chǎn - 剖腹产(7:21) after anesthesia - má zuì hòu - 麻醉后(7:29) problem - wèn tí - 问题(7:38) nausea/nauseous - ě xīn - 恶心(7:44) vomiting - ǒu tù - 呕吐(8:01) to feel - gǎn dào - 感到(8:18) some - yīxiē - 一些(8:26) to prevent - yùfáng预防--------------------------------------------------Conversation:Anesthesiologist: Nǐ hǎo, wǒ shì Luó yīshēng, wǒ fùzé nǐ de mázuì shǒushù.你好，我是罗医生，我负责你的麻醉手术。Hello, I am Dr. Luo. I am the anesthesiologist who will be performing the anesthesia.Patient:Nǐ hǎo.你好。Hello.Anesthesiologist:Qǐng gàosù wǒ nǐ de míngzì hé chūshēng rìqī.请告诉我你的名字和出生日期。Please tell me your name and date of birth.Patient:Wǒ jiào Lǐ Lì, yī jiǔ liù qī nián sān yuè shíwǔ rì chūshēng.我叫李丽，一九六七年三月十五日出生。My name is Li Li, born on March 15, 1967.Anesthesiologist:Nǐ zhīdào jīntiān yào zuò shénme shǒushù ma?你知道今天要做什么手术吗？Do you know what surgery you are having today?Patient:Wǒ jīntiān yào qiēchú dǎnnáng.我今天要切除胆囊。Today I will be getting my gallbladder removed.Anesthesiologist:Hǎo de. Nǐ zuìhòu chī dōngxī hé hē dōngxī shì shénme shíjiān?好的。你最后吃东西和喝东西是什么时间？Okay. When did you last eat and drink?Patient:Zuó wǎn qī diǎn chīle wǎnfàn. Jīntiān zǎoshang wǔ diǎn yòu hēle yīdiǎn shuǐ.昨晚七点吃了晚饭。今天早上五点又喝了一点水。I ate dinner at 7 last night. I also drank a little water at 5 this morning.Anesthesiologist:Hǎo de. Nǐ yǐqián jiēshòu guò mázuì shǒushù ma?好的。你以前接受过麻醉手术吗？Okay. Have you had anesthesia before?Patient:Yǒu. Sānshí nián qián zuòguò pōufùchǎn.有。三十年前做过剖腹产。Yes. I had a C-section thirty years ago.Anesthesiologist:Mázuì hòu yǒu shénme wèntí ma? Bǐrú ěxīn huò ǒutù?麻醉后有什么问题吗？比如恶心或呕吐？Any problems after anesthesia? For example, nausea or vomiting?Patient:Yǒu, wǒ huì gǎndào ěxīn.有，我会感到恶心。Yes, I felt nauseous.Anesthesiologist:Hǎo, wǒ huì gěi nǐ yīxiē yào lái yùfáng.好，我会给你一些药来预防。Okay, I will give you some medicine to prevent that.

In this episode, we will review how to explain to a patient what a colonoscopy is and why it is needed. --------------------------------------------------Vocabulary:(02:15) colonoscopy – Jiécháng jìng jiǎnchá, 结肠镜检查(02:36) medical procedure – yīliáo cèshì shǒuxù, 医疗测试手续(02:55) measure word (for procedures) – yí xiàng, 一项(04:13) thin tube – xì guǎn, 细管(04:23) small camera – xiǎo shèxiàngtóu, 小摄像头(04:34) with / equipped with – dài yǒu, 带有(04:44) on the tip / at the end – mòduān, 末端(05:18) measure word (for long, thin objects) – yì gēn, 一根(05:52) will use – huì shǐyòng, 会使用(06:45) anus – gāngmén, 肛门(06:56) to enter / go in – jìnrù, 进入(07:03) colon – jiécháng, 结肠(07:13) inside – lǐmiàn, 里面(08:49) be anesthetized – bèi mázuì, 被麻醉(08:57) be in – chǔ zài, 处在(09:14) state / condition – zhuàngtài, 状态(11:07) colon cancer – jiécháng’ái, 结肠癌(11:20) polyps – xīròu, 息肉(11:44) to discover / find – fāxiàn, 发现(11:53) through / by means of – tōngguò, 通过--------------------------------------------------Dialogue:Jiécháng jìng jiǎnchá shì yí xiàng yīliáo cèshì shǒuxù.结肠镜检查是一项医疗测试手续。A colonoscopy is a medical procedure.Yīshēng huì shǐyòng yì gēn mòduān dàiyǒu xiǎo shèxiàngtóu de xì guǎn.医生会使用一根末端带有小摄像头的细管。The doctor uses a thin tube with a tiny camera at the end.Cóng gāngmén jìnrù jiécháng lǐmiàn.从肛门进入结肠里面。That goes in through the anus into the colon.Jiǎnchá shí, nǐ huì bèi mázuì chǔ zài shuìjiào de zhuàngtài.检查时，你会被麻醉处在睡觉的状态.During the examination, you will be under anesthesia and sleeping.Yībān bù huì téng.  一般不会疼。It usually does not hurt.Tōngguò zhèyàng de jiǎnchá kěyǐ fāxiàn xīròu hé jiécháng’ái.通过这样的检查可以发现息肉和结肠癌。Through this exam, it can find polyps and colon cancer.

In this episode, we will discuss key gastrointestinal anatomy terms!---------------------------------------------Vocabulary:(00:34) digestive system – xiāohuà xìtǒng, 消化系统(00:51) organ – qìguān, 器官(01:04) gastrointestinal tract – wèi cháng dào, 胃肠道(01:16) gastroenterology – chángwèi bìngxué, 肠胃病学(01:33) gastroenterologist – xiāo huà kē yī shēng, 消化科医生(02:36) mouth – kǒu qiāng, 口腔(02:47) tongue – shé tou, 舌头(02:56) teeth – yá chǐ, 牙齿(03:15) esophagus – shí guǎn, 食管(03:47) stomach – wèi, 胃(03:56) stomach acid – wèi suān, 胃酸(04:07) small intestine – xiǎo cháng, 小肠(04:30) duodenum – shí èr zhǐ cháng, 十二指肠(04:40) jejunum – kōng cháng, 空肠(04:49) ileum – huí cháng, 回肠(04:57) large intestine – dà cháng, 大肠(05:15) cecum / appendix – máng cháng, 盲肠(05:25) ascending colon – shēng jié cháng, 升结肠(05:34) transverse colon – héng jié cháng, 横结肠(05:40) descending colon – jiàng jié cháng, 降结肠(05:49) sigmoid colon – yǐ zhuàng jié cháng, 乙状结肠(06:08) rectum – zhí cháng, 直肠(06:15) anus – gāng mén, 肛门(06:22) accessory organs – fǔzhù xiāohuà qìguān, 辅助消化器官(06:44) liver – gān zàng, 肝脏(06:49) hepatitis – gān yán, 肝炎(06:58) cirrhosis – gān yìng huà, 肝硬化(07:04) gallbladder – dǎn náng, 胆囊(07:12) gallstones – dǎn jié shí, 胆结石(07:26) pancreas – yí xiàn, 胰腺(07:33) pancreatitis – yí xiàn yán, 胰腺炎(07:39) practice

In this lesson, we cover how to talk to a patient who you suspect has pneumonia about a workup, possible diagnosis and treatment.--------------------------------------------------Vocabulary(02:20) to cough - Késòu， 咳嗽(02:30) shortness of breath - hūxī jí cù，呼吸急促(02:41) fever - fāshāo ，发烧(02:53) sputum production - tán yè，痰液(02:59) symptoms - zhèngzhuàng，症状(03:07) based on - gēnjù，根据(03:58) pneumonia - fèiyán，肺炎(04:05) to suffer from/to have - huàn yǒu，患有(04:53) to prescribe/to order - chǔfāng，处方(05:09) tests - jiǎnchá，检查(06:02) chest - xiōngbù，胸部(06:24) to take (as in an x-ray/picture) - pāi, 拍(06:35) sputum culture - tán péiyǎng，痰培养(06:43) blood work - xuè jiǎn，血检(07:54) in addition - cǐwài，此外(08:01) flu - liúgǎn，流感(08:09) to test - jiǎncè，检测(09:33) antibiotics - kàngshēngsù，抗生素(10:00) to take (as in medication) - fúyòng，服用(11:57) to worsen - Jiāzhòng，加重--------------------------------------------------Conversation:Based on your cough, shortness of breath, fever, and sputum production, you may have pneumonia.Gēnjù nǐ de késòu, hūxī jícù, fāshāo hé tán yè de zhèngzhuàng, nǐ kěnéng huàn yǒu fèiyán.根据你的咳嗽、呼吸急促、发烧和痰液的症状，你可能患有肺炎。I want to order some tests for you.Wǒ yào gěi nǐ kāi jiǎnchá de chǔfāng.我要给你开检查的处方。I would like to order blood work, a sputum culture, and a chest X-ray.Wǒ yào nǐ zuò xuè jiǎn, tán péiyǎng hé pāi xiōngbù X guāng piàn.我要你做血检，痰培养和拍胸部X光片。In addition, I would like to test you for the flu.Cǐwài, wǒ hái xiǎng yào gěi nǐ zuò liúgǎn jiǎncè.此外，我还想要给你做流感检测。The X-ray shows you have pneumonia.X guāng piàn xiǎnshì nǐ yǒu fèiyán.X 光片显示你有肺炎.Please take these antibiotics twice a day for 7 days total.Qǐng fúyòng zhèxiē kàngshēngsù měitiān liǎng cì, gòng qī tiān.请服用这些抗生素每天两次，共七天。If your fever worsens or your shortness of breath worsens, please callRúguǒ nǐ de fā shāo huòzhě hūxī jícù jiāzhòng, qǐng dǎ diànhuà lái.如果你的发烧或者呼吸急促加重，请打电话来。Do you have any other questions?Nǐ hái yǒu wèntí ma?你还有问题吗？

We will continue reviewing how to go about performing a physical exam on a patient.--------------------------------------------------Vocabulary:(03:06) to look straight - wàng qián kàn, 往前看(04:05) to stay/keep - bǎochí, 保持(04:22) don’t move - bú dòng, 不动(05:55) finger - shǒuzhǐ, 手指(06:16) eyes - yǎnjīng, 眼睛(07:09) ears - Ěrduo, 耳朵(07:19) nose - bízi, 鼻子(07:48) mouth - zuǐ, 嘴(07:58) to open - zhāngkāi, 张开(08:38) arms - shǒubì, 手臂(08:46) to raise - jǔ, 举(08:56) in front of you - shēnqián, 身前(09:40) to push - tuī, 推(09:49) to pull - lā, 拉(09:58) to relax - fàngsōng, 放松(10:46) from this side to that side - cóng zhè biān dào nà biān, 从这边到那边(11:16) silly questions - shǎ de wèntí, 傻的问题--------------------------------------------------Conversation:Does this hurt?Zhèlǐ tòng ma?这里痛吗？Please look straight.Qǐng wǎng qián kàn.请往前看。Don’t move your head. Stay still.Bùyào dòng nǐ de tóu. Bǎochí bú dòng.不要动你的头。保持不动。Please follow my finger with your eyes.Qǐng yòng yǎnjīng kàn wǒ de shǒuzhǐ.请用眼睛看我的手指。I will look into your ears.Wǒ huì kàn yīxià nǐ de ěrduo.我会看一下你的耳朵。I will look into your nose.Wǒ huì kàn yīxià nǐ de bízi.我会看一下你的鼻子。Please open your mouth. Say “ah.”Qǐng zhāngkāi nǐ de zuǐ. Shuō “ā”.请张开你的嘴。说“啊”。Please raise your arms in front of you.Qǐng bǎ nǐ de shǒubì jǔ dào shēnqián.请把你的手臂举到身前。Push.Tuī.推。Pull.Lā.拉。Please relax your leg.Qǐng fàngsōng nǐ de tuǐ.请放松你的腿。Lift your left leg.Tái qǐ nǐ de zuǒ tuǐ.抬起你的左腿。Lift your right leg.Tái qǐ nǐ de yòu tuǐ.抬起你的右腿。Please walk from this side to that side.Qǐng cóng zhè biān zǒu dào nà biān.请从这边走到那边。I have three silly questions to ask you.Wǒ yǒusān gè yǒudiǎn shǎ de wèntí yào wèn nǐ.我有三个有点傻的问题要问你。What is your name?Nǐ jiào shénme míngzì?你叫什么名字？What is the date today?Jīntiān shì jǐ yuè jǐ hào?今天是几月几号？Where are we?Wǒmen zài nǎlǐ?我们在哪里？