2024 Year-End Special: 3 Exciting Examples of Proteomics Research
On this special, year-end episode of Translating Proteomics, hosts Parag Mallick and Andreas Huhmer discuss three of their favorite proteomics publications from 2024. They'll cover one paper in each of the following topic areas:
- Proteomics in pre-clinical research
- Proteomics in basic research
- Technology development in proteomics
Synopses of each of the papers can be found below and you can find many more insights in the podcast.
Decrypting the molecular basis of cellular drug phenotypes by dose-resolved expression proteomics
In this work from Professor Bernhard Kuster’s Lab at the Technical University of Munich, researchers assess protein abundance changes that result from treating Jurkat acute T cell leukemia cells with 144 drugs over five drug doses. The researchers use their proteomic data to generate millions of dose response curves for the thousands of proteins measured and discover that the drugs impact many more proteins and pathways than those identified as drug targets. In addition, they checked how 7 of the drug treatments impacted the transcriptome and found there was often discordance between impacts at the mRNA level and the protein level. This works highlights the many ways drugs can impact biological systems and suggests that similar studies will help researchers understand the effects of drug treatments and may even aid in the development of more effective or more specific therapies.
Natural proteome diversity links aneuploidy tolerance to protein turnover
As we discussed on a previous episode of Translating Proteomics, genome alterations often fail to faithfully propagate to the proteome. In this work, researchers from the labs of Professor Judith Berman at Tel Aviv University and Professor Markus Ralser at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, investigate the means through which yeast strains adapt to chromosome gains or losses (aneuploidy). They assess the concordance between changes in mRNA and protein expression in aneuploid yeast that were either found in nature or generated in the lab. The researchers observed dosage compensation, a tendency to return to expression levels associated with normal chromosome numbers, for both mRNAs and proteins expressed on aneuploid chromosomes. However, dosage compensation was much stronger at the protein level than the mRNA level and even stronger at the protein level in naturally aneuploid strains compared to lab-generated strains. This work suggests that multiomics efforts are necessary to determine the effects of genomic alterations. In addition, the authors find that protein degradation, as observed through increased ubiquitination, increased turnover of proteins encoded in aneuploid chromosomes, and the up regulation of the proteasome complex, is a key means of dosage compensation. Finally, because the naturally aneuploid strains achieved a higher level of dosage compensation than the lab-generated strains, the authors suggest there has been selection for natural aneuploid strains that down-regulate proteins causing detrimental effects.
Flere episoder fra "Translating Proteomics"
Gå ikke glip af nogen episoder af “Translating Proteomics” - abonnér på podcasten med gratisapp GetPodcast.
